Media Landscapes, Information Ecosystems
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Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
847
Media Law & Regulation
329
Press Landscapes
287
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
225
Radio Landscapes
204
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
171
Television Landscapes
152
Television
126
Journalism Education & Training
112
Radio
107
Journalistic Quality
96
Politics and Media
88
Public Service Broadcasting
88
Journalism
84
Audiences & Users
81
Press
81
Media & Communication Policies
75
Public Media, State Media
74
Media Markets
70
Digital Media Landscapes
69
Media Assistance
66
Media, Mass Media
65
Media Ownership
54
Newspapers
53
Research in Media & Communication
50
Access to Media & Information
44
Democracy / Democratization and Media
42
ICT Regulation
40
Cinema
39
Media System Analyses & Typologies
39
Media Outlets, Media Associations
38
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
37
News Agencies
37
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
36
History of Media & Communication
36
Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
36
Associations & Networks of Journalists
35
Political Transition and Media
34
Advertising
31
News Websites & Portals
31
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
31
Media Management
31
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
30
History of the Press
30
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
29
Media / Communication Control
28
Development and Media
28
Internet
27
Economics of Media
27
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
27
Media Concentration
26
Investigative Journalism
26
Television Law & Regulation
25
Community Radios
24
Digital Communication, Digital Media
24
Television News
24
Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
24
Advertising Markets & Industries
23
Media Use, Media Consumption
23
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
23
History of Radio
23
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
22
Television Markets
22
Satellite Television
22
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
21
Political Economy of Media
21
Social Media
20
Magazines
20
Society & Media, Media Sociology
20
Television Programmes & Genres
20
Censorship
19
History of Television
19
Journalists
19
Public & State Television
19
Media Industries
18
Radio Programmes & Genres
18
Television Channels
18
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
17
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
17
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
17
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
17
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
16
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
16
Press Markets
15
Radio Markets
15
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
15
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
15
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
14
Media Effects
14
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
14
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
13
Freedom of Expression
13
International Communication
13
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
13
Digital Television
13
Theories of Communication & Media
13
Contents of Media
12
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
12
Ethics in Media & Communication
12
Radio Law & Regulation
12
Public & State Radios
12
Non-Western Communication Approaches
12
Film Industries
11
Public Relations
11
Digital Media Markets
11
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
11
COVID-19 Communication
11
Globalisation of Media
11
Democracy
11
Telecommunication Infrastructure
11
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
10
Government Communication Strategies
10
Theatre
10
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
10
World Information and Communication Order
10
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
10
Communication
10
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
10
Films
9
Traditional Communication
9
Journalism / Communication Training Centers
9
Indigenous Communication
9
News
9
Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
9
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
9
Political Communication
9
Propaganda
9
Radio Stations
9
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
9
Film Markets
8
Education and Communication / Media
8
Colonial Legacies
8
Foreign News, International News
8
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
8
'Comparing Media Systems' (Hallin/Mancini, 2004)
8
Public Spheres
8
Social Change
8
Telecommunications
8
Commercial Television
8
Videos
7
Alternative Communication & Media
7
Conflicts and Media
7
Cultural Identity
7
Culture (General)
7
Social Change & Media / Communication
7
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
7
Television Policies
7
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
7
Democratization
7
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
7
Commercial Radios
7
Religion and Communication
7
Communication & Media Indicators
7
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
7
Rural Communication, Media in Rural Areas
7
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
7
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
6
Flow of Information
6
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
6
Book Markets & Industries
6
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
6
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
6
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
6
Literature
6
Libraries
6
Educational Television
6
Indigenous Language Press
6
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
6
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
6
Radio News
6
Local Communication & Media
6
Local Television
6
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
6
Information Ecosystems
6
Social Communication
6
Music
6
Government
6
Television Production
6
Taliban
6
Islam and Communication
6
Digital Switchover
6
Cable Television
6
Book Trade & Distribution
5
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
5
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
5
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
5
Convergence of Media
5
Diaspora Media
5
Music Industries & Markets
5
Television Industries
5
Educational Broadcasting
5
Environmental Journalism
5
Journalism Ethics
5
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
5
Female Journalists & Media Workers
5
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
5
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
5
Political Reporting
5
Local Press
5
Media Development Indicators
5
Photography
5
Politics
5
Radio Programming, Programme Structures & Schedules
5
Society
5
Informatics
5
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
5
Regional Television
5
Information Needs
4
Media Use: Youth
4
Print Media Use, Press Readers
4
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
4
Book Publishing
4
Book Publishing Houses
4
National Cinemas, National Film Production
4
Communication Rights
4
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
4
Creative & Cultural Industries
4
Media Cultures
4
Philosophy
4
Development Journalism & Media Representation of Development Issues
4
Radio for Development
4
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
4
Digital Market Concentration
4
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
4
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
4
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
4
Television Economics
4
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
4
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
4
History of Media: Colonial Period
4
Foreign Correspondents
4
International News Flow
4
UNESCO
4
Election Reporting
4
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
4
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
4
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
4
Information
4
Radio Policies
4
Media & Information Literacy
4
Social Media Landscapes
4
Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
4
Broadcasting Companies
4
Political Doctrines
4
Public Opinion
4
Social Participation
4
Satellite Communication & Information Services
4
Al-Jazeera
4
Television Talk Shows
4
Urban Communication, Urban Media
4
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
3
Radio Advertising
3
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
3
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
3
Catholic Radios
3
Christian Press
3
Bollywood
3
Nollywood
3
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
3
Television Programme & Format Trade
3
State News Agencies, Government News Agencies
3
Community Newspapers, Community Press
3
Community Television
3
Crime & Violence Reporting
3
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
3
Violence in the Media
3
War Reporting
3
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
3
Collective Identities & Media
3
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
3
Mass Cultures
3
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
3
National Character
3
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
3
Internet Markets
3
Information Society
3
English-Language Media Abroad
3
French-Language Media Abroad
3
Hispanic Americans, Hispanic Media
3
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
3
Radio Economics
3
Financing Radio
3
Economy
3
Educational Radio Programmes
3
Training
3
Sports Reporting
3
History of Journalism
3
Foreign Television Programmes
3
International Media & Communication Policies
3
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
3
Transnational Communication
3
International Relations
3
Windhoek Declaration on Promoting Independent and Pluralistic Media (UNESCO, 1991)
3
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
3
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
3
Local Journalism
3
Radio Journalism
3
Business & Economics Journalism
3
African Languages
3
Bilingualism, Multilingualism
3
Linguistics & Sociolinguistics
3
Communication Systems
3
Oral Communication
3
Socialist Media Systems
3
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
3
Television Management
3
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
3
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
3
Influence of Media on Politics
3
Public & State Press
3
Rural Press
3
Cultural Radio Programmes
3
Radio Dramas, Radio Soap Operas, Radio Fiction
3
Regional Radios
3
Satellite Radios
3
University Radios
3
Urban Radios
3
Radio Engineering & Technologies
3
Media Reception
3
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
3
Television Studies & Research
3
Research Methods
3
Civil Society
3
Digital Radio
3
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
3
Telephone
3
Televisa (Television Channel, Mexico)
3
Cultural Television Programmes
3
Signs, Signals, Semiotics
3
Government Advertising, State Advertising
2
Television Advertising
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
2
Agriculture
2
Geography
2
Audience Research
2
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
2
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
2
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
2
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
2
Books
2
Election Campaigns
2
Catholic Church and Communication
2
Children's Television Programmes
2
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
2
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
2
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Self-Censorship
2
Government Propaganda
2
Alternative Press
2
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
2
Civil Wars
2
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
2
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
2
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
2
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
2
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
2
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
2
Media Criticism
2
Rumours & Rumour Management
2
Arts
2
Dance, Folk Dances
2
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
2
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
2
Cultural Change
2
Cultural Studies
2
Cultural Values
2
Digital Cultures
2
Poetry
2
Radio Culture
2
Museums
2
BRICS Countries
2
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
2
International Development Cooperation
2
Communication for Social Change
2
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
2
Political Blogging
2
Online Magazines & Newspapers
2
Online Services
2
Blogging, Blogs
2
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
2
Twitter & Microblogs
2
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
2
ICT Policies
2
Information Highway
2
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
2
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
2
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
2
LGBT & Communication / Media
2
Racism in Communication & Media
2
Infectious Diseases' Outbreak Communication
2
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
2
Commercial Broadcasting
2
Media Commercialisation
2
Distribution of Media
2
Press Industries
2
Printing Industries
2
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
2
Music Markets
2
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
2
Economic Conditions
2
Educational Radios
2
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
2
Vocational Training
2
Entertainment and Media / Communication
2
Gaming, Video Games
2
Leisure
2
Radio Entertainment
2
Television Fiction
2
Television Serials
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Defamation Law & Regulation
2
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
2
Bias in News Media
2
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
2
Responsibility
2
Self-Regulation of Media
2
Good Practice Examples
2
Health Communication
2
Colonial Period
2
History (General)
2
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
2
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
2
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
2
Transnational Television, International Television
2
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
2
European Union (EU)
2
Journalistic Research Methods
2
Inter Press Service (IPS)
2
Photojournalism
2
Print Journalism
2
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Government & Government Performance: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
2
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Media Assistance: Criticism, Ideological Backgrounds, Vested Interests
2
Media Assistance: Radio
2
Media Assistance: Television
2
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
2
Media Literacy: Television
2
Human Rights
2
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
2
Human Resources Development, Personnel Management
2
Marketing & Branding
2
Internal Politics
2
Military
2
Capitalism
2
Liberalism
2
Political Parties
2
Public Administration
2
Centralization
2
Decentralization
2
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
2
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
2
Watchdog Role of the Media
2
Periodicals
2
Ideologies
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Muslim Media
2
Religious Television Programmes
2
Apartheid
2
Population
2
Social Aspects
2
Social Control
2
Social Classes
2
Sociology
2
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
2
Television Transmitters
2
SMS
2
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
2
China Global Television Network, CGTN (formerly China Central Television, CCTV)
2
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
2
Television Networks
2
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
2
Audiovisual Communication
2
Visual Cultures
2
Advertising Agencies
1
Print Media Advertising
1
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
1
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Family Farming
1
Area & Regional Studies
1
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
1
Book Reading Habits, Book Readers, Book Consumption
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
1
Media Socialisation, Media Biographies, Media Life Journeys
1
Media Use: Children
1
Media Use: Public Service & State Media
1
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
1
Television Use: Youth
1
Samizdat
1
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
1
Book Marketing, Branding & Promotion
1
Children's Books & Literature
1
Professional, Specialist & Technical Books
1
Political Campaigns
1
Catholic Church
1
Catholic Media
1
Catholic Press
1
Radio Ecclesia (Luanda, Angola)
1
Radio Veritas (Johannesburg, South Africa)
1
Rede Vida (Catholic Television Channel, Brazil)
1
UNDA (International Catholic Radio and TV Association, 1928-2001)
1
Saints
1
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
1
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
1
Children & Childhood
1
Digital Media Socialisation
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Political Cartoons & Comics
1
Puppetry
1
Violence in the Media: Effects on Children
1
Christian Communication
1
Christian Media
1
Christian Radios
1
Christian Television Programmes
1
WACC
1
Missionary Communication, Media & Evangelisation
1
Arab Cinema, Middle Eastern Cinema
1
Blockbusters
1
Celebrities, Idols, Stars
1
Cinema in the Global South & Third Cinema
1
Film Distribution
1
Film Festivals
1
Horror Films
1
Film Editing
1
Film Studies & Research
1
History of Film & Cinema
1
Media Assistance: Film Funding
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Editorial Independence
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Intellectual Property
1
Plagiarism
1
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
State Influence on the Media
1
Communication Strategies
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Press Releases & Press Conferences
1
Social Marketing
1
Strategic Communication Planning
1
Community Development
1
Community Media
1
Community Radio Associations & Networks
1
Faith-Based Community Radios
1
Participatory Communication
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Traditional Music
1
Boko Haram
1
Iraq War (2003)
1
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
1
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
1
Violence in the Media: Glorification
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Television Quality
1
Messages, Message Design, Message Analysis
1
Radio Language & Moderation
1
Anthropology of Media & Communication
1
Circus
1
Cultural Cooperation (Development Aid)
1
Cultural Dependency
1
Cultural Diversity
1
Cultural Development
1
Cultural Integration
1
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
1
Cultural Role & Influence of Media
1
Indigenous Language Literature
1
Narratives, Narrative Structures
1
Tales, Legends, Traditional Literary Lore
1
Multicultural Societies, Multiethnic Societies
1
Traditional Cultures
1
Development Assistance
1
Donor Coordination, Funder Collaboration, Aid Harmonsation
1
Developing Countries
1
Development Education
1
Development Planning
1
Regional Development Planning
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
Development Theories
1
Regional Cooperation, South-South Collaboration
1
Communicating Development Projects, Media in Development Programmes
1
Development Communication: Indigenous & Traditional Communication
1
Rural Communication for Development
1
Street Television: Video Screenings in Public Places
1
Television for Development
1
Algorithms & Big Data
1
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
1
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
1
Digital Media Startups
1
Digital Media Management, Online Media Management
1
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
1
Internet and Development
1
Internet Shutdowns
1
Financing Digital / Online Media
1
Online Radio, Internet Radio, Radio Streaming
1
Podcasts
1
Online Television
1
Netflix
1
Facebook
1
YouTube
1
Streaming Media
1
AI & Democracy / Democratization
1
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
1
ICTs and Development
1
ICT Industries & Markets
1
Mobile Phone Markets
1
Software Industries
1
Postal Services, Letters & Parcels, Stamps
1
Afro-Latin Americans, Afroamerican Population
1
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Information Management
1
Disaster Risk & Preparedness Communication, Disaster Prevention Communication
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Audio Archives, Visual Archives, Media Archives
1
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
1
Radio Industries
1
Media Market Transparency
1
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
1
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
1
Financing Television
1
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
1
Consumption, Consumer Behaviour, Consumerism
1
Economic Development
1
Economic Policies
1
Industrialized Countries
1
Small-Scale Industries
1
National Economies
1
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
1
Education (General)
1
Training Centres
1
Higher Education
1
Illiteracy, Non-Literate Persons
1
Open, Distance and Digital Education (ODDE)
1
Correspondence Courses
1
Primary Education
1
Secondary Education
1
Teachers
1
Universities
1
Humour, Parody, Satire
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Sports
1
Docudrama
1
Television Shows
1
Environmental Communication
1
Environmental Protection
1
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
1
Morals
1
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
1
Values
1
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Women's Radio Programmes
1
Women's Television Programmes
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Media Studies & Feminist Communication Research
1
Women (General)
1
Women's Magazines, Women's Press
1
Women's Rights
1
Theoretical Approaches
1
Future
1
Food / Nutrition Communication & Media Representation
1
Health Journalism
1
Health: Media Representation (Factual & Fictional)
1
Health Radio Programmes
1
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
1
20th century
1
History of Communication Research
1
History of Public Service Broadcasting
1
Precolonial Period
1
Slavery, Slaves
1
Indigenous Languages
1
Adaptation of Media Products to Other Countries / Cultural Contexts
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Globalisation, Globalisation Criticism
1
Glocalization of Media
1
International Media Associations / Organizations
1
Latin America: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
Media Assistance: Transnational Exchange & Cooperation
1
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
1
Transnational Television Co-Productions, International Television Co-Productions
1
USA: International Broadcasting & Public Diplomacy
1
Dependence
1
United Nations (UN)
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
Journalism Education Curricula
1
Radio Journalism Education
1
Journalism Studies & Research
1
Journalistic Genres
1
Crónicas / Chronics
1
Reportage
1
Journalistic Skills
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Mobile Journalism, Video Journalism
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Religion: Media Representation
1
Television Journalism
1
Language
1
Abbreviations
1
Arabic Language
1
French Language
1
Spanish Language
1
Language and Media
1
Language Policies
1
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
1
Translations & Translating
1
Insufficient Local Media Ecosystems, "Information Deserts"
1
European Union: Media Assistance
1
Germany: Media Assistance Actors, Practices, Priorities
1
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
1
Media Assistance: Mapping of Programs & Donors
1
Media Assistance: Middle East
1
Media Assistance: Refugees
1
Media Assistance: South-South Cooperation
1
USA: Media Assistance
1
Media & Communication General
1
Diffusion of Innovations
1
Information Exchange
1
Proverbs
1
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
1
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
1
MDDA - Media Develoment and Diversity Agency (South Africa)
1
Media Privatization
1
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
1
Critical Media Literacy
1
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking
1
Licensing of Media
1
Media Governance
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Ombudsmen
1
Press Law & Regulation
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
1
Financing Press & Print Media
1
Financing Public Service Media
1
Newspaper Management
1
Organisational Development & Capacity Building
1
BBC
1
Friedrich Ebert Foundation
1
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1
Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise (RTS)
1
World Radio TV Handbook (1946-)
1
Migration
1
Migrants & Refugees: Tailor-Made Media Products & Information Services
1
Music as Means of Political Communication
1
Music Television Programmes
1
Radio Music
1
Songs
1
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
1
Bhatia, Prem (1911-1995)
1
Marinho, Roberto
1
Clientelism
1
Polarization, Political Polarization
1
Communism, Marxism
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Political Systems
1
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
1
Failed States
1
Hybrid Political Systems
1
Political Transition
1
Power Relations
1
Security
1
State
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Political Role & Influence of Radio, Radio & Democratization
1
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
1
National Press
1
Local Newspapers
1
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
1
Radio Production
1
Radio Formats
1
Muslim Radio Broadcasting
1
Radio Studies & Research
1
Radio Networks
1
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
1
Manipulation
1
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
1
Identity & Identity Development
1
Television Reception & Effects
1
Uses-And-Gratifications Approach
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Muslim Television Broadcasting
1
Judaism and Communication
1
Jewish Media
1
Religious Practice
1
Secularization & Atheism
1
Analysis
1
Systems Analysis
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Indicators & Indices
1
African Media Barometer (AMB)
1
Media Sustainability Index (MSI)
1
Methodological Challenges
1
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
1
Reliability
1
Research Results
1
Researchers
1
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
1
Rural Areas, Rural Communities, Rural Development
1
Countering Discrimination & Racism
1
Violence
1
Corruption & Combating Corruption
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
1
Nomades
1
Participation
1
Population Policies
1
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
1
Revolutions
1
Social Development
1
Castes
1
Inequalities
1
Dalits
1
Electronic Equipment
1
Electronics
1
Equipment
1
Computer Hardware
1
Computers
1
Paper & Paper Production
1
Amplitude Modulation (AM)
1
Short Wave Radio (SW)
1
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
1
Radio Sets, Radio Receivers
1
Open Source Software
1
Television Engineering & Technologies
1
Television Sets
1
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
1
Al-Arabiya
1
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
1
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
1
TeleSur (Television Channel)
1
Univision (Television Channel, USA)
1
Television Contents
1
Television Production Companies
1
National Television Programmes
1
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
1
Urban Areas
1
Infographics & Data Visualization
1
Visual Representations
1
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
1
Youth Television Programmes
1
Language
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Afghanistan's media developments and challenges in the past two decades: A short glance at media freedom

Masom Jan Masomy
Reality of Politics, issue 19 (2022), pp. 64-77
"Media, during Taliban five years period from 1996–2001, had been totally suffocated. Only limited number of print media would publish to spread the propaganda of Taliban Emirate under Sharia Law. Post-Taliban era, media landscape obtained new image with the establishment of democratic government. ... more
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Assessment of Media Development in The Gambia: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators

Alymana Bathily, Sait Matty Jaw, Modou Joof, Awa Bah, Birane Gai et al.
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 86 pp.
"Although some planned reforms announced since 2017 concerning the rights to freedom of expression and others are yet to be finalized, the report finds that the media environment has improved considerably since the new government came into power. In the context of a rising internet penetration rate, ... more
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La radio en Bucaramanga: Vidas y sonidos de ciudad ...

Tito Ballesteros López
[author] (2022), 153 pp.
"Este libro se lee con mucha facilidad y nos describe con gran amplitud y rigurosidad investigativa ese paisaje mediático de la ciudad, donde conviven la expresión pública, la comercial y la comunitaria. Es un texto que nos cuenta que la radio sigue vigente y muy presente en la vida de la gente, ... more
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Media Systems in the Digital Age: An Empirical Comparison of 30 Countries

Edda Humprecht, Laia Castro Herrero, Sina Blassnigg, Michael Brüggemann, Sven Engesser
Journal of Communication, volume 72, issue 2 (2022), pp. 145-164
"Media systems have changed significantly as a result of the development of information technologies. However, typologies of media systems that incorporate aspects of digitalization are rare. This study fills this gap by identifying, operationalizing, and measuring indicators of media systems in the ... more
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Sudan’s Brief, Fragile Reform Window (2019–2021)

Mary Myers, Lina Yassin
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 32 pp.
"We find that there is a will for reform from the civilian part of the government, the international community, independent media professionals, and a handful of Sudanese CSOs. However, pushing for a free media is a low priority for most of the population, who have more urgent survival and security ... more
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Media Reform During Ethiopia’s Political Transition

Henok Semaegzer Fente
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 25 pp.
"The media reform process in Ethiopia’s political transition has made significant improvements to the policy, legal, and regulatory frameworks. If institutionalized and implemented with robust stakeholder engagement, the reform could help build a sustainable, vibrant, independent, and viable media ... more
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The Kenya Media Assessment 2021

Chaacha Mwita et al.
Internews (2021), 47 pp.
"There are stark lessons to be learnt from this assessment: Social media has become the main source of news and information for majority of Kenyans, even though it suffers the greatest trust deficit. Radio remains highly important, while television is the most trusted source of information and newsp ... more
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Routledge Handbook on Arab Media
Top Insights

Noureddine Miladi, Noha Mellor (eds.)
London; New York: Routledge (2021), 528 pp.
"This Handbook provides the first comprehensive reference book in English about the development of mass and social media in all Arab countries. Capturing the historical as well as current developments in the media scene, this collection maps the role of media in social and political movements. Contr ... more
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The Pen Vs the AK-47: The Future of Afghan Media Under the Taliban

Samiullah Mahdi
Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy (2021)
"Written just prior to the Taliban's rapid takeover of Afghanistan, this new report from Shorenstein Center Fellow Samiullah Mahdi provides an overview of the media landscape in Afghanistan, and the threats to and opportunities for press freedom in the region." (Introduction)
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Mapping the Media Landscape in Serbia 2020-2021

CRTA (2021), 25 pp.
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Media Freedom in the Western Balkans

Valeska Esch, Viktoria Palm (eds.)
Aspen Insitute Germany (2021), 45 pp.
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Análisis del desarrollo mediático en Uruguay: Basado en la aplicación de los indicadores de desarrollo mediático de la UNESCO

Olivo de León, Adalberto Grullón Morillo et al.
Paris; Montevideo: UNESCO (2021), 203 pp.
"Uruguay es el primer país del Cono Sur de América Latina en realizar una evaluación integral de su paisaje mediático utilizando los Indicadores de Desarrollo Mediatico (IDMs) de la UNESCO. Y, lo que es único de este ejercicio, es que todas las facultades de comunicación del país colaboraron ... more
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Routledge Handbook of African Media and Communication Studies

Winston Mano, Viola C. Milton (eds.)
Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge (2021), xiv, 286 pp.
"The book goes beyond critiques of the marginality of African approaches in media and communication studies to offer scholars the theoretical and empirical toolkit needed to start building critical corpora of African scholarship and theory that places the everyday worlds, needs and uses of Africans ... more
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The State of Radio in Uganda: A 2020 Review and the New Reality of COVID-19

Arcata, Calif.: Internews (2021), 51 pp.
"With over 309 licensed radio stations, numerous public and private TV stations, and rapid growth in internet accessibility and usage, the media landscape in Uganda is dynamic, diverse, and rapidly evolving. Ugandans across the country from rural villages to urban centers are presented increasingly ... more
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Tunisia Media Landscape Assessment

Internews;USAID (2021), 75 pp.
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Communication traditionnelle et moderne pour un objectif commun: L'exemple du peuple vili au Congo-Brazzaville

Jean-Michel Tchitembo
Paris: L'Harmattan (2021), 196 pp.
"Pour le peuple vili en République du Congo-Brazzaville, comme ailleurs en Afrique subsaharienne, la communication orale était de mise. L’oralité avait son importance surtout au Muanze, sorte d’institution de vie communautaire. De nos jours, en Afrique en général et en milieu vili en partic ... more
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Report on Media Freedom in Moldova

Freedom House;USAID (2021), 11 pp.
"The media sector in Moldova is diverse. Dogged investigative reporting plays a vital role in public life. However, the legal framework governing the sector is unstable and underdeveloped. In 2020, much of the country’s political class treated the independent press with hostility, viewing journali ... more
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Etude sur le paysage médiatique à Madagascar

Internews (2021), 58 pp.
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Misinformed: Sudan’s Centralisation Problem & the Pandemic

Internews;USAID (2021), 81 pp.
"This Information Ecosystem Assessment documents how information around the COVID-19 pandemic is produced, consumed, and shared in Sudan contributing to the existence of multiple and overlapping information sub-systems within the supply side of the broader ecosystem. The findings show how the centra ... more
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Polarized Media – Polarized Audience

Jelena Jovovic, Dubravka Valic Nedeljkovic
Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 30 pp.
"A significant number of the surveyed citizens consider the media in Serbia under the control of political groups at both ends of the spectrum. At the same time, many of the surveyed citizens think that the media is free to collect and publish information on all the relevant issues. These findings r ... more