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Media Landscapes, Information Ecosystems

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Media Reform in Tunisia: A Volatile Process

Fatima el Issawi

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 25 pp.

"The halting progress of the Tunisian media reform reflects the uncertainty and vulnerability of the political reform. As Professor of Communication and Democracy Katrin Voltmer contends, emerging media systems are unique types that are a blend of inherited structures, the constraints of the transit ... more

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Transformations in Afghan Media and Culture Through Cycles of Upheaval

Wazhmah Osman

Current History, volume 121, issue 834 (2022), pp. 135-140

"This article traces how the Afghan cultural, media, and arts sectors have gone through cycles of boom and bust in tandem with the country’s tumultuous history in recent decades, starting with the prewar golden era in the 1960s and 1970s, then focusing on the post-9/11 internationally funded media ... more

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Afghan Media Sector Faces Economic Collapse

Deutsche Welle (2022)

"Against the backdrop of a highly precarious situation for journalists, a severe economic crisis is unfolding within Afghan media houses, according to a survey on the current state of the media sector in Afghanistan conducted by DW Akademie and partner organizations. Data were collected in February ... more

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Media Assistance in Burma’s Reform Decade

Jane Madlyn McElhone

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 35 pp.

"Using the coup as a vantage point, interviewees for this report were asked to reflect on three main questions: What have we learned about past media reform efforts? With hindsight, what are the legacies, best practices, and lessons learned? With a view to the future, what does the media’s respons ... more

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Assessment of Media Sector Needs in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Report on a Public Opinion Survey about Media Sector Needs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Prizma Research and Consulting;OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina (2022), 60 pp.

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Media Environment 2022: Threats and Supportive Instruments in Georgia

Gersamia, Mariam, Maia Toradze

Tbilisi: Media and Communication Educational and Research Center "Media Voice" (2022), 76 pp.

"The purpose of this study is to assess the threats and supporting mechanisms present in the Georgian media environment in 2022. Observation of the media environment, similar to the previous year’s research, was based on the evaluation of the participants involved in the research and further compa ... more

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The Evolution in the Taliban’s Media Strategy

Weeda Mehran

George Washington University, Program on Extremism (2022), 8 pp.

"In the mid-1990s, the Taliban took control of Afghanistan for the first time. They banned photography, TV, music, and all forms of entertainment. Soon after, the Taliban banned the internet in early 2001, and then-Foreign Minister Mawlavi Wakil Ahmad Muttawakil famously stated, “We want to establ ... more

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Afghan Media under the Taliban: Restrictions and Violations

Kobra Moradi

Afghanistan Human Rights and Democracy Organization (AHRDO) (2022), 48 pp.

"[...] Since returning to power in August 2021, the Taliban has imposed a new media control regime, which has three key features: restriction, gender-discrimination, and repression with impunity. First, the Taliban has passed several media policies, imposing extreme constraints on press freedom and ... media rights. Any sort of critical reporting on topics related to the government or the public is banned. The Taliban regulate the content of publications and broadcasts, imposing broad, vaguely worded prohibitions. For example, under the new regulations, media content that contradicts “Islamic values,” “Afghan values,” and “public interest” is prohibited. No operational definitions have been provided for these terms, nor an objective standard for assessing and determining breach. This has caused uncertainty and confusion about what the media can and cannot publish and broadcast, often resulting in precautionary media self-censorship. The new rules also give the Taliban sweeping powers to directly control the media and news output, barring broadcast and publication of matters and content that has not been officially sanctioned by Taliban official/s. These restrictions and interferences limit the right and ability of the Afghan media to seek, receive and impart information freely and independently. Second, the Taliban has passed policies specifically targeting Afghan women in the media. These restrictions give the Taliban control over women’s attire and the nature and scope of their involvement in the media, restraining their freedom of expression and movement, as well as their ability to perform their tasks effectively. The general travel restrictions on women and girls make it almost impossible for women to work, in particular, limiting the ability of female journalists from gathering information or contributing to field reporting. The Taliban’s antiwomen media policies and practices are aimed towards excluding Afghan women from the media and public life. Third, the Taliban treats the Afghan media and media-related affairs as a security threat. The Taliban security and intelligence agencies are increasingly involved in controlling media affairs. Taliban operatives use repressive measures against members of the Afghan media in claiming to enforce the new regulations. Afghan journalists and other members of the media have been subjected to heavy surveillance, intimidation, and arbitrary arrest and detention. Cases of beatings, enforced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings have also taken place." (Executive summary, pages 1-2) more

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Afghanistan's media developments and challenges in the past two decades: A short glance at media freedom

Masom Jan Masomy

Reality of Politics, issue 19 (2022), pp. 64-77

"Media, during Taliban five years period from 1996–2001, had been totally suffocated. Only limited number of print media would publish to spread the propaganda of Taliban Emirate under Sharia Law. Post-Taliban era, media landscape obtained new image with the establishment of democratic government. ... more

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Long-Term Investments Pay Dividends in Ukraine

Antonina Cherevko, Maksym Dvorovyi

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 8 pp.

"Since gaining independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine has lurched along an unsteady path toward accountable democratic governance. Yet despite the country's volatile politics and the escalating conflict with Russia leading up to the full.scale invasion of Ukraine in ... more

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Long-Term Investments Pay Dividends in Ukraine

Antonina Cherevko, Maksym Dvorovyi

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 27 pp.

"International assistance actors have played an important role in supporting media reforms in Ukraine. Their long-term, continuous efforts planted the seeds for groundbreaking media environment changes during Ukraine’s democratic transition. International donors’ sustained engagement in Ukraine ... more

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Politics and Journalism in Francophone Africa: Systems, Practices and Identities
Top Insights

Marie-Soleil Frère

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2022), xxvii, 347 pp.

"This book provides a comprehensive approach of the media, journalism and politics in Sub-Saharan Francophone Africa. The author argues that there are common features that the media and journalism share in the seventeen countries of Francophone Africa and these make the local media systems different ... more

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Assessment of Media Development in Ethiopia: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators

Mulatu Alemayehu Moges, Dagim Afework Mekonnen et al.

Paris; Addis Ababa: UNESCO (2022), 131 pp.

"In a country like Ethiopia which is rich in languages, politics, cultures, and values and which experiences an exponentially growing population, media and the access to plural information is crucial for peace and development. This study finds, however, that the number of media and the diversity of ... more

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Comprehending Media Systems for Media Development

Johanna Mack

Dortmund: Forum Medien und Entwicklung (fome);MEDAS21 (2022), 29 pp.

"Media development assistance and media systems research are intricately connected: by describing, assessing, and attempting to change them, media development actors produce knowledge about media systems and directly impact them. This research review explores the intersections of academic media syst ... more

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The State of the Media Report: January-June 2022

Kamufisa Manchishi

Lusaka: Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) (2022), 51 pp.

"The State of the Media-topical study is an in-depth presentation of selected issues affecting the media’s operating environment in a given period. This edition covers the period January-June and highlights various issues that had potential to affect the role of the media in the period under revie ... more

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Ukraine Media Landscape Guide

CDAC Network;Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2022), 39 pp.

"This Media Landscape Guide provides a snapshot of the current media in Ukraine, including the historical background to the media, media trends and freedoms, languages in the different media, media access and barriers for different groups in the community, audiences and their preferences. It conside ... more

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Colombia Media Landscape Guide

David Alejandro Schoeller-Diaz, Sayuri Raigoza Rivera

CDAC Network;Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2022), 24 pp.

"This Media Landscape Guide provides a snapshot of the media in Colombia, including the audiences, the producers, the preferences of different groups in the community, the communications culture, and the languages associated with the media. It gives an insight into the role of media in development w ... more

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Pakistan Media Landscape Guide

Asad Baig et al.

CDAC Network;Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2022), 29 pp.

"This Media Landscape Guide provides a snapshot of the media in Pakistan, including the audiences, the producers, the preferences of different groups in the community, the communications culture, and the languages associated with the media. It gives an insight into the role of media in development w ... more

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Morocco Media Landscape Guide

Mahdi Bouziane et al.

CDAC Network;Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2022), 23 pp.

"This Media Landscape Guide provides a snapshot of the media in Morocco, including the audiences, the producers, the preferences of different groups in the community, the communications culture, and the languages associated with the media. It gives an insight into the role of media in development wo ... more

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Burkina Faso Media Landscape Guide

Lassané Yaméogo et al.

CDAC Network;Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2022), 28 pp.

"This Media Landscape Guide provides a snapshot of the media in Burkina Faso, including the audiences, the producers, the preferences of different groups in the community, the communications culture, and the languages associated with the media. It gives an insight into the role of media in developme ... more

Politics and Journalism in Francophone Africa: Systems, Practices and Identities Top Insights

Politics and Journalism in Francophone Africa: Systems, Practices and Identities
Top Insights