"Information campaigns designed to raise awareness of the potential risks of (irregular) migration have attracted much attention and investment across the world in recent years. Studies have repeatedly shown that many migrants start their journeys with limited or biased information and end up in vul
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nerable situations. In response, information campaigns have increased in number and the type, format, messages and strategy of such campaigns have diversified.
This report presents the results from a systematic literature review of evaluations of such information campaigns in the field of migration. The study reveals that the evidence base available for programming and policymaking in this area is strikingly limited. We find that the uptake in the use of information campaigns has far outpaced any rigorous assessment of the effects that different campaigns may have on their respective target groups. In the absence of reliable evidence, the debate on the potential of this policy tool often relies on largely anecdotal evidence. Better evidence can show how information campaigns can be designed to best achieve their intended effects given the particular circumstances. The current lack of evidence limits the impact of future campaigns. While rigorous assessment of campaign impact can be difficult and costly, better evidence is clearly needed – wherever feasible and appropriate.
Based on an extensive, systematic literature review, 60 relevant evaluations of information campaigns that targeted potential migrants and traffickers, as well as communities at large, were identified from a pool of 3,600 records. Only 30 of the selected campaign evaluations had publicly available results; the rest were collected through expert referrals. Two studies were published in peer-reviewed journals. Among the campaigns featured in the 60 studies, the most popular communication tools were workshop-type activities and cable TV programmes/advertisements. Most campaigns focused on trafficking, followed by irregular migration and, more generally, smuggling. A common issue is the lack of a clearly defined campaign objective and/or target group. This hampers any rigorous evaluation of programme effects. Whenever an objective is defined, it is most often aimed at “awareness-raising” and “knowledge generation.” The majority of the campaign evaluations claimed that the campaign under study was “successful” in inducing a change in knowledge, perceptions, attitudes and – to a lesser degree – (intended) behaviour. However, most of the evaluations reviewed provided relatively little evidence of the full impact of information campaigns. While many of the evaluations reported the number and profiles of campaign recipients or beneficiaries, impact was not directly measured. (In the evaluation literature, impact is defined as a change in outcome that is directly attributable to the programme and not any other factor.)
Most of the evaluations identified did not meet minimum standards for robust evidence on programme effects. The large majority of evaluations were based on based on cross-sectional surveys of small numbers of participants (N) sampled at convenience, limiting the generalizability of the results. Only a few large-N studies employed a control-group design or involved pre- and post-measurements. None employed a (quasi-)experimental method for causal inference (e.g. randomized controlled trial, which is considered the “gold standard” for measuring impact)." (Executive summary)
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"Crisis Communication is an in-depth examination of recent tragedies and natural disasters that have occurred around the globe. The book covers three types of incidents: natural catastrophes, accidents and terror attacks. It focuses on the communication aspect of each incident and provides accounts
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from people handling the event. Each chapter offers a detailed description of the event and supplementary facts and illustrations from a variety of sources. With a focus on critical communication elements and lessons learned, Brataas offers valuable advice - based on personal experience with natural disasters, accidents and terror attacks - on some of the most effective ways to prepare for and deal with a crisis. Topics range from interview situations and social media to victim support and active shooter events." (Publisher description)
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"The GSMA mHealth programme, under the mNutrition Initiative funded by UK aid (the UK Department for International Development, DFID), has been working with mobile network operators (MNOs) and other mobile and health sector stakeholders to support the launch and scale of mobile health (mHealth) valu
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e-added services (VAS). As of December 2017, these services have cumulatively delivered lifesaving maternal and newborn child health (MNCH) and nutrition information to over 1.59 million women and their families across eight Sub-Saharan African markets: Malawi, Ghana, Tanzania, Kenya, Nigeria, Zambia, Uganda and Mozambique (Figure 1). Key findings: Adopting a HCD approach to product development and optimisation led to increased user engagement; mHealth service users demonstrated improved nutrition behaviours over non-users across all implementing markets; mHealth services resulted in an average improvement of 12 percentage points in overall nutrition knowledge among users across all eight markets; Mobile information services improve knowledge, even when existing knowledge around certain nutrition topics is reasonably high; Mobile information services have a stronger impact with poorly understood concepts; Repetition of messages about key health practices reinforces the behaviour; Forty-two per cent of mNutrition service users report sharing the information they learn with their family, friends and communities [...]" (Executive summary)
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"Social Media and Crisis Communication provides a unique and timely contribution to the field of crisis communication by addressing how social media are influencing the practice of crisis communication. The book, with a collection of chapters contributed by leading communication researchers, covers
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the current and emerging interplay of social media and crisis communication, recent theories and frameworks, overviews of dominant research streams, applications in specific crisis areas, and future directions. Both the theoretical and the practical are discussed, providing a volume that appeals to both academic-minded readers as well as professionals at the managerial, decision-making level. The audience includes public relations and corporate communication scholars, graduate students studying social media and crisis communication, researchers, crisis managers working in communication departments, and business leaders who make strategic business communication planning. No other volume has provided the overarching synthesis of information regarding the field of crisis communication and social media that this book contains. Incorporated in this volume is the recent Social-mediated Crisis Communication Model developed by the editors and their co-authors, which serves as a framework for crisis and issues management in a rapidly evolving media landscape." (Publisher description)
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"Non Governmental Organizations (NGO) üben Funktionen der gesellschaftlichen Kontrolle und der Anwaltschaft für Benachteiligte aus; sie agieren zum Teil selbst offensiv oder konfrontativ in der Öffentlichkeit. Mit ihrer zunehmenden öffentlichen Präsenz steigen allerdings auch der Bedarf an Legi
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timation und der Widerstand von Kontrahenten aus Wirtschaft und Politik. Vor diesem Hintergrund geraten auch NGO zunehmend in den Blickwinkel öffentlicher Kritik. Ihr eigener ethisch-normativer Anspruch, der ihnen im Alltag einen Aufmerksamkeitsvorteil verschafft, macht sie im Krisenfall besonders angreifbar. Hinzu kommen Hemmnisse der institutionellen Logik, weil NGO typischerweise als gemeinnützige Vereine mit aufwändigen Willensbildungsprozessen verfasst sind. Diese Voraussetzungen sollte das Management einer Organisation berücksichtigen, wenn es sich auf Krisenmanagement und -kommunikation vorbereitet." (Zusammenfassung)
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"Wer selbst Videos für YouTube drehen möchte und viele Zuschauer erreichen will, braucht dieses Buch. Es begleitet den Leser von der Anmeldung über den ersten Abonnenten bis zum ersten Euro, den man mit YouTube verdienen kann. Aber auch für alle, die zunächst bei YouTube nur zuschauen wollen, l
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iegt hiermit ein umfassender Reiseführer vor, der die interessantesten Ecken des Videoportals vorstellt. Neben einer Einführung in die YouTube-Grundlagen bietet das Buch ausführliche technische und inhaltliche Tipps für die Produktion eigener Videos. Es enthält Infos über YouTube, die nur Insidern bekannt sind, beschreibt die Veränderungen des Portals, die Möglichkeiten, es zu hacken oder damit Geld zu verdienen, und stellt die Erfolgsgeschichten der beliebtesten YouTuber vor. Die dritte Auflage berücksichtigt alles, was auf YouTube neu ist, sowie die aktuellen Trends, Protagonisten und Kanäle." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"This toolkit provides a framework to think about communications monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL), and provides example questions, indicators and tools to do it. Communications MEL is, in many ways, straightforward. Yet organisations across the sector still grapple with how to embed it in t
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heir work. MEL is important to ensure that your communications are strategic, helping you to understand and learn from what works, what doesn’t, when and for whom. It is also an important tool for accountability, helping you to demonstrate uptake, and that your work is of high quality and useful. This toolkit is intended for use by communications, research and project implementation staff working in think tanks, universities and NGOs. It is based on internal guidance that ODI developed to encourage sharing and learning; to improve the quality, reach and use of its communications; and to help with project and programme planning. Communications MEL is still a work in progress at ODI; we are publishing this guide in the hope that it will be useful to others, but also that it will invite discussion and shared learning." (Introduction)
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"Throughout the 2000’s, NGOs experimented with promoting “Donate Now” buttons and online donation pages, and through a process of trial and error, learned a winning strategy that still works today. Specifically, NGOs that are successful at online fundraising have embraced a content strategy of
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regularly publishing news articles and blog posts focused on stories of hope and empathy that include a prominent call-togive which are then shared in email updates and fundraising appeals. Posting the same content on social media also inspires online giving, but as of 2018, email is still the most powerful online fundraising tool." (Key findings)
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"As the largest alliance of U.S.-based nonprofits that work around the world, we believe it is critical to raise awareness about the evolving threat of online disinformation. Whether our members are providing emergency assistance to people fleeing conflicts, promoting democratic governance in places
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with evolving institutions and civil society, or promoting peace as faith-based or faith-founded organizations, we are all united by our shared mission of making the world a more peaceful and prosperous place. Confronting this new challenge is indeed critical to this mission and worthy of our time and resources. We hope this report begins a critical dialogue within our community about the scale of the problem we face concerning online disinformation, and, more importantly, what we can do to protect ourselves against it. As a community, we remain committed to leveraging the knowledge, expertise, and private resources from the NGO community to build stronger defenses against bad actors and abuse of online platforms that provide critical information to members and our beneficiary communities." (Letter from our CEO, page 6)
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"This memo presents evidence based on a survey experiment embedded in a national survey of Ukrainians and a laboratory experiment conducted with Ukrainian university students. The findings indicate that anti-Corruption messaging that emphasizes the success of anti-Corruption campaigns (i.e., a “po
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sitive” message) may reduce citizens’ willingness to give bribes. By contrast, anti-Corruption messaging emphasizing that corruption is a growing problem (i.e., a “negative” message) appears to be less effective and, in some circumstances, may even inadvertently increase citizens’ willingness to engage in corrupt acts." (Page 1)
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"Anhand aktueller Praxisbeispiele vermittelt das Buch Ansätze und Werkzeuge für die Konzeption, Gestaltung und Verbreitung von neuartigen Medienangeboten. Aspekte wie Interaktion, Gamifizierung und Nutzerbeteiligung kommen dabei genauso zur Sprache wie Impact-Strategien, Reichweite und Social Medi
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a Marketing. Mithilfe von Design Thinking, agilen Methoden und Prototyping werden die Mediennutzer konsequent in den Mittelpunkt gerückt. Die branchenübergreifende Herangehensweise des Buches erschließt dem Leser immer wieder unerwartete, zukunftsweisende Perspektiven – ganz besonders in Bezug auf emergente Technologien wie Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Big Data, künstliche Intelligenz, maschinelles Lernen und das Internet der Dinge." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"Dieser Beitrag widmet sich dem medienvermittelten Vertrauen in NGOs. Ein auf Basis der Theorie des öffentlichen Vertrauens (Bentele 1994) entwickeltes, inhaltsanalytisches Messinstrument, der NGO-Trust Index (NGO-TI) und die Ergebnis-Visualisierung in der NGO-Trust Map (Wohlgemuth et al. 2013), we
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rden vorgestellt, getestet und diskutiert. Der Methodentest erfolgt anhand einer vergleichenden Fallstudie zur deutschen Sektion des Kinderhilfswerks der Vereinten Nationen (Unicef Deutschland) und der deutschen Umweltstiftung des World Wide Fund for Nature." (Zusammenfassung)
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"Esta guía metodológica sistematiza dinámicas y herramientas construidas colectivamente por el equipo de la Asociación Voces Nuestras y agrupaciones aliadas. Nuestra propuesta fue aplicada y validada en procesos de formación a partir del año 2017, en el trabajo con organizaciones puente y defe
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nsoras de territorios mesoaméricanos en resistencia. El contenido de esta guía es resultado de esos procesos de fortalecimiento de capacidades informativas, articulación e incidencia en la región. La guía busca apoyar la facilitación de talleres de comunicación para la incidencia pública y política. Por eso, las ideas que aporta son de uso libre, pues así tienen que ser los conocimientos, los ríos, los bosques y los medios: ¡siempre libres!" (Introducción)
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"This guidebook helps Pact field staff and core partners strengthen the capacity of local partners engaged in advocacy efforts. It discusses a wide variety of options for communities to advocate on their own behalf. It was written for the advocate who is passionate about a particular cause or issue,
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but lacks experience in planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating advocacy or constructive engagement with government officials and other power-holders. This handbook will teach you, the advocate, the principles and techniques necessary to plan and implement a successful advocacy campaign. The goals of your campaign may be as specific as securing minor alterations to local regulations or as large as demanding an overhaul of a national law or international policy." (Introduction)
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"Effective campaigns require careful planning and execution. And drawing on the experiences and knowledge of others can help overcome some common stumbling blocks and improve the chances of success. To this end, this booklet profiles eight public awareness campaigns conducted in African countries. I
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t gives an overview of how the campaigns were designed and implemented, and outlines the lessons learned [...] We looked for campaigns with strong links to Africa – that is, they are either run by organizations or individuals in Africa, or they target African countries. We also specifically sought insight from people working on campaigns that were diverse in the way they were created, organized and funded – from large organizations with considerable resources and formal structures to volunteer-led coalitions with limited funding. Despite their different models, however, the campaigns had much in common in that the challenges they faced and the lessons learned were strikingly similar." (Introduction)
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"Social media channels provide intriguing opportunities for NGOs to communicate with their audiences, raise awareness, and campaign for change. Maintaining strong social media communication that supports the organization’s ability to achieve its goals is the mandate of social media management, the
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day-to-day maintenance and management of an organization’s social media channels and communication. This chapter provides an overview of the potential, practice, process, methods, and tools of effective social media management, including strategic planning based on formative research, implementation and communication, as well as evaluation." (Abstract)
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"Beim Stichwort „mündliches Erzählen“ denkt man hierzulande vor allem an „Märchen“, kurze und wundersame Erzählungen der Landbevölkerung vergangener Zeiten. Tatsächlich aber kannten alle Kulturen raffinierte Erzählkünste, die häufig auch Schriftliteratur und Theater inspirierten. Au
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s historischen Berichten über Erzähler und ihre Auftritte, ethnologischen Forschungen und nicht zuletzt durch zahlreiche Erzählungen der verschiedenen Kulturen entsteht eine ebenso informative wie vergnügliche Kulturgeschichte des mündlichen Erzählens. Die bezeichnenden Formen und Funktionen der vielfältigen Erzähltraditionen ergeben ein schillerndes Bild der Kommunikationsform „Erzählen“: die Interaktion zwischen Erzähler und Hörern in den Dörfern Afrikas etwa, die Improvisationstechnik der Epenerzähler Mittelasiens oder die Unterschiede zwischen männlichem und weiblichem Erzählen im islamischen Orient. Öffentliches Erzählen diente stets auch der Verständigung über Werte und Einstellungen. Die modernen Massenmedien können den interagierenden Erzähler nicht ersetzen, was verständlich macht, warum dieses „Urmedium“ neuerdings auch in der „Mediengesellschaft“ wieder eine überraschende Faszination ausübt." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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