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Topics
Media Law & Regulation
27
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
24
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
19
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
15
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
14
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
13
Media & Communication Policies
12
Online News
10
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
10
Audiences & Users
9
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
8
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
8
Internet
8
Political Transition and Media
8
Advertising Markets & Industries
7
Romani People
7
Television Landscapes
7
Media Outlets, Media Associations
7
Radio
7
Television
7
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
6
Economics of Media
6
Democracy / Democratization and Media
6
Newspapers
6
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
5
Financing Digital / Online Media
5
Media Markets
5
Media Ownership
5
International Communication
5
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
5
News Agencies
5
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
5
Press Landscapes
5
Radio Landscapes
5
Magazines
5
Television Channels
5
Television Programmes & Genres
5
Advertising
4
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
4
Media Use, Media Consumption
4
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
4
Film Industries
4
Media / Communication Control
4
Censorship
4
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
4
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
4
ICT Regulation
4
Ethics in Media & Communication
4
Defamation Law & Regulation
4
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
4
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
4
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
4
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
4
Politics and Media
4
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
4
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
3
Films
3
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
3
Holocaust
3
Social Media in Political Communication
3
ICT Industries & Markets
3
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Media Industries
3
Television Markets
3
Educational Television
3
Self-Regulation of Media
3
Journalism
3
Investigative Journalism
3
Local News
3
Media, Mass Media
3
Television Law & Regulation
3
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
3
Broadcasting Companies
3
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
3
Political Communication
3
Propaganda
3
Public & State Television
3
Civil Society
3
Digital Television
3
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
2
Mobile Phone Use
2
Samizdat
2
Catholic Church
2
Catholic Press
2
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
2
Television Programme & Format Trade
2
Freedom of Expression
2
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
2
Self-Censorship
2
Press Releases & Press Conferences
2
Alternative Communication & Media
2
Community Radios
2
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
2
Storytelling
2
Dealing With the Past
2
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
2
Online Services
2
Facebook
2
Twitter & Microblogs
2
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
ICT Indicators
2
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
2
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
2
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
2
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
2
Media Concentration
2
Radio Markets
2
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
2
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
2
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
2
Bias in News Media
2
Press Councils
2
Female Journalists & Media Workers
2
Good Practice Examples
2
History of Media & Communication
2
Foreign Television Programmes
2
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
2
Satellite Television
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Journalists
2
Local Journalism
2
Election Reporting
2
Political Reporting
2
Media Assistance
2
Media & Information Literacy
2
Media Management
2
Radio Music
2
Populism
2
Political Transition
2
Election Campaigns: Social Media
2
Influence of Media on Politics
2
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
2
Public Service Broadcasting
2
Public & State Radios
2
Satellite Radios
2
University Radios
2
COVID-19 Pandemic & Religion
2
Islamophobia
2
Judaism and Communication
2
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
2
Television Transmitters
2
Telecommunication Infrastructure
2
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
2
Adblocking
1
Advocacy & Political Films
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
1
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Media Use: Entertainment
1
Media Use: Foreign / International Media
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Book Aid, Book Publishing Assistance, Book Donations
1
Book Publishing
1
Children's Books & Literature
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Youth Literature & Books
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catechists & Pastoral Agents
1
Catholic Digital Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
1
Catholic Radios
1
Faith-Based Film Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
Faith-Based Media Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Media Literacy: Children
1
Puppetry
1
Lutheran Churches
1
Christian Social Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Digital & Social Media Pastoral
1
Holy Mass Transmission: Television & Social Media
1
Digital Theologies
1
Cinema
1
Film Distribution
1
War & Political Violence in Cinema
1
Film Markets
1
Film Promotion
1
History of Film & Cinema
1
National Cinemas, National Film Production
1
Transnational Film Co-Productions
1
Videos
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Digital Rights
1
Editorial Independence
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
State Influence on the Media
1
Communication Strategies
1
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
Alternative Press
1
Alternative Radios
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Informatics
1
Community Media
1
Street Papers
1
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
1
Community Radio Training Methods & Training of Trainers
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
1
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
1
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
1
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
1
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
1
War Reporting
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
1
Creative & Cultural Industries
1
Cultural Diversity
1
National Character
1
Democracy Assistance
1
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Media Landscapes
1
Digital & Information Literacy
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
1
Internet Markets
1
Podcasts
1
TikTok
1
Instagram
1
YouTube
1
WhatsApp
1
News Websites & Portals
1
AI in Journalism & Media
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
Mobile Phone Markets
1
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
1
German-Language Media Abroad
1
Minority Rights
1
Trust Building in Health & Emergency Communication
1
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Government-Sponsored Disinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Television Industries
1
Competition, Competition Analysis
1
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
1
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
1
Video Markets
1
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
1
Video on Demand
1
Economy
1
Economic Conditions
1
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
1
Foreign Investments
1
Adult Education
1
Educational Radio Programmes
1
Schools
1
Nonformal Education
1
Gaming, Video Games
1
Environmental Organizations
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
1
Journalism Ethics
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Women's Organizations
1
Events
1
Innovations
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
Cold War (1947-1991)
1
History of Radio
1
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
1
International News Flow
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
1
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
China: Foreign Policy, Foreign Investments, Development Assistance
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Financing Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalism Education Curricula
1
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
1
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Reception
1
Television News
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Religious Journalism, Religion News
1
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Abbreviations
1
Linguistic Diversity
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Local Television
1
Communication Systems
1
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
1
Media Literacy: Producing Participatory Videos
1
Media Literacy: Secondary Education
1
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Socialist Media Systems
1
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
1
Licensing of Media
1
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Religious Freedom
1
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
1
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
1
Financing Press & Print Media
1
Financing Public Service Media
1
Crowdfunding
1
Radio Free Europe
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Migrants
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Selfies, Self-Portrait Photographs
1
Government Policies
1
Right-Wing Extremism
1
Political Resistance
1
Political Systems
1
Democracy
1
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Public Opinion
1
Public Spheres
1
Watchdog Role of the Media
1
Press
1
Co-Production
1
Public Media, State Media
1
Radio Programmes & Genres
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Radio Stations
1
Media Effects
1
Manipulation
1
Islamism
1
Jewish Media
1
Religion and Society
1
Religious Change
1
Religious Practice
1
Disappeared People, Missing People
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Social Sciences Research
1
Dalits
1
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
1
Informatics
1
Intranet
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Telecommunications
1
Mobile Phone Apps
1
Commercial Television
1
Regional Television
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Visual Communication
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
1
Youth & Digital Media
1
Youth Films & Videos
1
Youth Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"In Media Compass: A Companion to International Media Landscapes, an international team of prominent scholars examines both long-term media systems and fluctuating trends in media usage around the world. Integrating country-specific summaries and cross-cutting studies of geopolitical regions, this i ... more

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2025), 170 pp.
"• Engagement with traditional media sources such as TV, print, and news websites continues to fall, while dependence on social media, video platforms, and online aggregators grows. This is particularly the case in the United States where polling overlapped with the first few weeks of the new Trum ... more
"The portrayal of ethnic communities in the media can have a significant impact on the everyday life of these groups – both in a positive and negative way. Often, the dominant depictions in mainstream media are created without the community's involvement and are dominated by stereotypes. To deal w ... more
"From US President Donald Trump’s Tweet labeling news media “the enemy of the people” to Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s establishment of a politically appointed Media Authority, media freedom is under threat in democracies and nondemocracies alike. According to Freedom House, in 20 ... more

Political Technology: The Globalisation of Political Manipulation

Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press (2024), xii, 486 pp.
"Political technology' is a Russian term for the professional engineering of politics. It has turned Russian politics into theatre and propaganda, and metastasised to take over foreign policy and weaponise history. The war against Ukraine is one outcome. In the West, spin doctors and political consu ... more
"The surveillance of journalists, including using spyware technology, poses a fundamental threat to media freedom, the digital safety of journalists, and source protection within the European Union. The agreement on the European Media Freedom Act in December 2023 offers some further protections agai ... more

Digital Rights Violations: Annual Report 2023-2024

Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) (2024), 153 pp.

The Handbook of Conflict and Peace Communication

Hoboken; Chichester: Wiley (2024), approx. 448 pp.
"This book offers an in-depth view of how intricate and intractable conflicts can be and how the communicative aspects of conflict are equally challenging. The author reviews and guides readers through classic and contemporary analysis in the field, providing a truly interdisciplinary work. Handbook ... more

Challenges and Opportunities for Roma Voices in the Hungarian Media Space

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 21 pp.

The Unfreedom Monitor: Hungary Country Report

Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 32 pp.
"Incidents that illustrate how digital authoritarianism works in Hungary can be grouped into three categories: gaining control over critical digital infrastructure, silencing and intimidation of dissenting voices, and the use of law to undermine people’s rights. The report demonstrates how these d ... more
"This research aims to understand the patterns, impact and modus operandi of gendered disinformation campaigns against women in politics in Brazil, Hungary, India, Italy and Tunisia. The case studies explore how gendered disinformation has been used by political movements, and at times the governmen ... more
"The Russian war against Ukraine illustrates how the disinformation ecosystem works in Hungary, and it also reveals its devastating impact on democratic public discourse. Public service media play a prominent role in spreading disinformation. We were able to identify several false narratives in the ... more
"Taking a person-centered approach – we explored different constellations of social-psychological characteristics associated with (dis)information belief in order to identify distinct subgroups whose (dis)information belief stems from different social or political motives. Hungarian participants ( ... more
"This open access book brings into dialogue migration and religion scholars with spiritual leaders and representatives of faith-based organizations assisting refugees. Migration has always been part of spiritual development. The current 'refugee crisis' has brought to the fore debates regarding the ... more
"Populists and the Pandemic examines the responses of populist political actors and parties in 22 countries around the globe to the Covid-19 pandemic, in terms of their attitudes, rhetoric, mobilization repertoires, and policy proposals. The responses of some populist leaders have received much publ ... more

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2023

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 158 pp.
"Across markets, only around a fifth of respondents (22%) now say they prefer to start their news journeys with a website or app – that’s down 10 percentage points since 2018. Publishers in a few smaller Northern European markets have managed to buck this trend, but younger groups everywhere are ... more

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2024

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 167 pp.
"In many countries, especially outside Europe and the United States, we find a significant further decline in the use of Facebook for news and a growing reliance on a range of alternatives including private messaging apps and video networks. Facebook news consumption is down 4 percentage points, acr ... more