"Under the presidency of Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil, Latin America's largest democracy, has seen unprecedented increases in threats to citizens’ fundamental rights. Digital rights have not been an exception. Technoauthoritarianism in Brazil must be viewed as a multifaceted development and one that is ...not undertaken by the federal administration alone. Across the country, states are making unlawful use of civilian data for surveillance purposes and adopting facial recognition technologies, a worrying event in a country that has a history of discriminatory policing where over half of the population is Black. From inside the presidential palace and around Brazil, Bolsonaro and right-wing allies are using social media tools to advance personal interests by sponsoring disinformation campaigns and enabling targeted attacks against opponents and journalists. When targeted by social media moderation, the president tried to overturn the way platforms operate in Brazil with a provisional measure — a largely opaque, authoritarian and unilateral tool. As if the scenario weren't concerning enough for digital rights, journalists around the country are facing a tidal wave of attacks, harassment and smear campaigns, many of which are perpetrated by elected authorities. These attacks have a clear gendered aspect to them, as women journalists are not only targeted more frequently, but more violently." (https://advox.globalvoices.org)
more
"Der Umsatz der 50 größten Medienkonzerne der Welt hat sich in den vergangenen zehn Jahren verdoppelt. Ihre Macht ist so groß wie nie zuvor: Medienunternehmen beeinflussen politische Berichterstattung und produzieren eine nie dagewesene Fülle von Unterhaltungsformaten; sie bestimmen, was im Radi...o gespielt wird, und entscheiden über die Platzierung von Suchergebnissen, sie sammeln persönliche Daten und vermarkten Benutzerprofile; und sie kontrollieren Lehrpläne und akademische Fachzeitschriften. Ihre Lenker und Manager zählen zu den bestverdienenden Angestellten – Milliardäre und Millionäre mit exzellenten Kontakten zum politischen Establishment. Lutz Hachmeister und Till Wäscher porträtieren die 50 größten Medienkonzerne der Welt und beschreiben dabei Konzernlenker, Geschäftsstrategien und historische Grundlagen." (Klappentext)
more
"In this submission, the Association of Progressive Communications (APC), EngageMedia and Southeast Asia Freedom of Expression Network (SAFEnet) examine Indonesia's compliance with the recommendations received during the third Universal Periodic Review cycle in 2017. This submission will focus parti...cularly on digital rights including freedom of expression, the protection of human rights defenders (HRDs), including women human rights defenders, violence against women and misinformation." (Introduction, p.2)
more
"India’s “techade” does show signs of digital authoritarianism that can potentially have farreaching implications for politics, civil liberties and society. At the same time, these are not new challenges for the country. In the past, the Indian government has attempted to surveil, monitor, and... censor citizens. Here, state power is like water that will fall through any cracks and holes in the system. The system will either flourish or get contaminated based on the nature of the water. This report shows how COVID-19, protests, and major political incidents provide a ripe avenue for expanding state power. The larger socio-political context, one filled with concerns about a decline in democratic values, secularism, and civil liberties, will determine the extent of harm, who gets harmed, and the ability to respond. India’s lack of solid legal frameworks governing key technologies allows authorities to further exert power. As seen in the case of Aadhaar, facial recognition systems, and Aarogya Setu, legislative backing is an afterthought. However, by then, significant damage is already done. Any adverse impact on digital and civil rights will be felt most by vulnerable groups and those critical of the government. Besides the lack of legal structures, as seen through the report, the law is also used to expand state power. Further, as analysed in this report, private players supplying surveillance technologies, and social media giants enable digital authoritarianism in the country." (Analysis and conclusion, p.21)
more
"This submission focuses on Brazil's fulfilment of human rights obligations in the digital context and seeks to strengthen recommendations focused on guaranteeing universal access to the internet in order to enable free expression and association; access to information, knowledge and culture; and th...e exercise of economic and social rights in a manner that is secure, respectful of privacy and autonomy, and free of any kind of discrimination." (Introduction, p.3)
more
"El volumen se divide en dos grandes ejes temáticos, en el apartado “Comunicación” aborda procesos de Ecuador, Colombia y Brasil. En el caso ecuatoriano se analiza la cobertura informativa de las protestas que se realizaron en 2019 en Quito y la presencia de indígenas en las manifestaciones p...ara reflexionar respecto al rol de los medios y evidenciar tendencias en la cobertura informativa de alinearse con un discurso oficial que suele presentar las manifestaciones sociales con un enfoque negativo; en Colombia se analizan los aportes de radios comunitarias en la transmisión de voces de paz y resistencia en el Departamento del Huila, el discurso de la prensa respecto a los actores del conflicto en los medios de comunicación y la manera en que representan a la guerrilla y grupos paramilitares y se analiza la memoria colectiva construida a través de producciones televisivas sobre el conflicto armado; desde Brasil nos encontramos un análisis de las jerarquías del espacio social construido por la narrativa periodística en el desencuentro con la alteridad y la representación de la migración construida predominantemente por el narrador sobre la condición laboral en su precariedad y supuesta amenaza. Para el apartado “Memoria y Paz” se integran trabajos sobre experiencias en cinco países: Ecuador, México, Nicaragua, Brasil y Estados Unidos. De Ecuador se revisa la percepción de violencias y cultura de paz en los jóvenes y las identidades de los jóvenes migrantes a través de sus historias de vida; de México se aborda la educación para la paz mediante la experiencia de talleres de arte con adolescentes, la violencia en la frontera Norte y procesos locales de construcción de paz en Ciudad Juárez y la justicia restaurativa en sus alcances y limitaciones con el cuestionamiento sobre sus posibilidades de aportar a procesos de paz; de Nicaragua se retoman experiencias de mujeres en la construcción de paz y memoria ante el conflicto armado; y desde Brasil se reflexiona sobre la violencia estructural con relación a la condición laboral impuesta por un un modelo económico y social excluyente, que suma desigualdades, radicaliza las tensiones sociales y que lleva a las personas a la ansiedad, estrés y depresión. De este modo,la construcción de paz a lo largo de América Latina, los procesos de memoria y la forma de comunicar las experiencias de lucha y resistencias locales son los ejes que articulan la selección de textos." (Presentación, p.12-13)
more
"Saudi Arabia and the UAE are the leading exponents of digital authoritarianism in the Middle East. The two states have intensified their collaboration with China and Israel to gain greater access to advanced technologies. The EU has responded to concerns about the risks of new technologies with a r...aft of regulations on digital markets and services, artificial intelligence, and technology exports. The fact that European governments have been targeted, and implicated, in NSO Group’s Pegasus scandal should sound the alarm about the global threat of digital authoritarianism. The EU should treat the threat as an urgent security and political concern." (Summary)
more
"Oppression of women, financial meltdown, censorship: Research findings by Afghan NGO Nai SOMA and DW Akademie highlight the extent of the Afghan media sector’s breakdown after the Taliban took power in Kabul." (p.1)
"En el Perú no ha llegado nuestro Trump, pero nadie se sorprenderá el día que aterrice. Porque aquí también show y política se han contaminado hasta no poder distinguirse. El entrevero es tal que el lector convendrá conmigo en que el premier Aníbal Torres resulta un cómico genuino, al tiemp...o que el Cacash (Gerardo García), un youtuber de noticias satíricas, asemeja a un ciudadano serio y preocupado por el país. Los políticos dan risa y los comediantes informan. En este libro, Paul Alonso rastrea las hibridaciones entre información y entretenimiento en el Perú de las últimas tres décadas: el infotainment, un fenómeno que, después de todo, se trata de una evolución global que cuenta con exponentes admirables. El problema, en realidad, nos dice Alonso a modo de cierre, es que solo haya lugar para el infotainment. Porque si no diferenciamos entre espectáculo y política, estaremos condenados al interminable espectáculo de la política." (Editorial)
more
"Wiktor Chrul ist Anfang März aus Russland geflohen, ein potentieller Job hat ihn auch für einige Tage nach Aachen geführt. Der Universitätsprofessor und Journalist sieht die Gefahr, dass er in seiner Heimat hart bestraft wird – weil er die Wahrheit sagt. Wo Wiktor Chrul in den nächsten Tagen... sein wird, weiß er nicht. Vielleicht Bochum, vielleicht Luxemburg, vielleicht auch Vilnius. Der Universitätsprofessor sucht nach einem Job, in Europa, in den USA, Hauptsache nicht in Russland. Als Spezialist auf dem Gebiet Medienethik kann und will er schließlich nicht verschweigen, was wirklich in der Ukraine geschieht. Doch genau das müsste er, wollte er weiterhin sicher in Russland leben. Deshalb hat er das Land Anfang März verlassen. Auf seiner ungewissen Reise hat er auch einige Tage in Aachen verbracht. Multimedia-Volontärin Svenja Stühmeier hat sich mit ihm zum Tag der Pressefreiheit über die Situation der Medien in Russland unterhalten." (Einführung)
more
"[This is] a series of short issue briefs for funders on potential priority areas for funding activities or initiatives that would bring the work of digital rights organisations and environmental justice actors closer together. Each brief states the key problem from the perspective of the APC networ...k, suggests mechanisms or processes for engagement and actors we feel are worth engaging, and includes specific recommendations for donors." (Overview, p.3)
more
"Trust in the news has fallen in almost half the countries in our survey, and risen in just seven, partly reversing the gains made at the height of the Coronavirus pandemic. On average, around four in ten of our total sample (42%) say they trust most news most of the time. Finland remains the countr...y with the highest levels of overall trust (69%), while news trust in the USA has fallen by a further three percentage points and remains the lowest (26%) in our survey.• Consumption of traditional media, such as TV and print, declined further in the last year in almost all markets (pre-Ukraine invasion), with online and social consumption not making up the gap. While the majority remain very engaged, others are turning away from the news media and in some cases disconnecting from news altogether. Interest in news has fallen sharply across markets, from 63% in 2017 to 51% in 2022.• Meanwhile, the proportion of news consumers who say they avoid news, often or sometimes, has increased sharply across countries. This type of selective avoidance has doubled in both Brazil (54%) and the UK (46%) over the last five years, with many respondents saying news has a negative effect on their mood. A significant proportion of younger and less educated people say they avoid news because it can be hard to follow or understand – suggesting that the news media could do much more to simplify language and better explain or contextualise complex stories.• In the five countries we surveyed after the war in Ukraine had begun, we find that television news is relied on most heavily – with countries closest to the fighting, such as Germany and Poland, seeing the biggest increases in consumption. Selective news avoidance has, if anything, increased further – likely due to the difficult and depressing nature of the coverage.• Global concerns about false and misleading information remain stable this year, ranging from 72% in Kenya and Nigeria to just 32% in Germany and 31% in Austria. People say they have seen more false information about Coronavirus than about politics in most countries, but the situation is reversed in Turkey, Kenya, and the Philippines, amongst others." (Summary, p.10)
more
"Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar indicadores clave para evaluar la capacidad de transparencia, autorregulación y participación de los usuarios, las tres dimensiones de la accountability. Se adoptó un triple punto de partida metodológico: revisión sistemática de literatura so...bre indicadores de accountability y sus características, un mapeo de medios de referencia con indicadores de accountability, y evaluación de medios. Se obtuvo un sistema de 11 indicadores clave para medir y establecer comparaciones entre sitios web de medios de comunicación y determinar si satisfacen las tres dimensiones clave de la rendición de cuentas y los elementos asociados. Dicho sistema puede ser aplicado en múltiples escenarios para fomentar un periodismo de calidad." (Resumen)
more
"Die in diesem Open-Access-Buch zusammengeführten interdisziplinären Untersuchungen des „Forums Privatheit“ gehen der Frage nach, wie sich die Verwirklichungsbedingungen von Privatheit und Selbstbestimmung durch die Digitalisierung aller Lebensbereiche radikal ändern. Nahezu jede Lebensregung... hinterlässt Datenspuren, ermöglicht vielfältige und intensive Datensammlungen über Menschen, unterstützt Verhaltensbeeinflussungen und verstärkt Ungleichgewichte in der Informationsmacht. Es analysiert die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf den rechtlichen und politischen Schutz der Grundrechte, die ökonomischen Beziehungen, die gesellschaftliche Integration und die individuelle Entfaltung. Das Buch zeigt aber auch auf, wie Digitalisierung und ihre gesellschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen technisch, sozial, ökonomisch und rechtlich gestaltet werden können, um Privatheit und Selbstbestimmung zu schützen." (Verlag)
more
"Media and information literacy is paramount to empower the population, and especially the youth, with the capacity of critical thinking and in providing quality information on traditional and social media platforms. During the period of 2018-2021, UNESCO worked towards achieving this goal through t...he integration of the Media and Information Literacy Curriculum into the country’s educational system. UNESCO has engaged with different stakeholders on sustainable ways to build a knowledge society with strong competencies in information management. Significant achievements have been attained during the reporting period, including with media and information literacy embedded as a compulsory component of all teacher trainings in Nigeria." (p.2)
more
"Die Geschichte des dokumentarischen Films in Deutschland ist mehr als bloße Filmgeschichte. In ihr spiegelt sich auch die Medien-, Mentalitäts- und Gesellschaftsgeschichte. So thematisiert der Dokumentarfilm seit seinen Anfängen im ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert die politischen, kulturellen und soz...ialen Auseinandersetzungen und Umbrüche. Die dokumentarischen Formen, ob in Kino, Fernsehen oder im Internet, haben die gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven beobachtet, Missstände und Konflikte aufgezeigt und eine Vielfalt filmischer und erzählerischer Innovationen hervorgebracht. Trotz ihres Anspruchs, wirklichkeitsgetreue Abbilder der Realität zu vermitteln, standen sie im Laufe der Jahrzehnte aber immer wieder auch im Dienst von Werbung, Manipulation und Propaganda." (Verlag)
more
"Under the MDP, UNESCO has since 2018 coordinated actions with other development partners through the Somalia Media Sector Group (SMSG) to advocate for improvements in the media legislative framework and to support the implementation of the Somalia Federal Republic Media Strategy 2016-2020 as well a...s of the UN Plan of Action. In addition, UNESCO supported a consortium of media institutions under the Somalia Independent Media Houses Association (SIMHA) who monitored the amendment process of the Federal Media Law and advocated for the modification or deletion of clauses that could adversely impact media freedom. Through this, UNESCO provided support for the review of media laws in Somalia and Somaliland to encourage compliance with international standards." (p.2)
more
"Past UNESCO support resulted in the establishment of a Monitoring Unit on the Safety of Journalists in partnership with the Union of Tunisian Journalists (Syndicat National des Journalistes Tunisiens (SNJT) and OHCHR, which has been piloted since 2018. Throughout the reporting period, the MDP has p...rovided support to reinforce this unit, its methodology, and its coordination mechanisms. The Monitoring Unit has since provided monthly and annual reports on attacks against journalists, which include a gender-specific component. It has produced special reports on current issues, such as the electoral period of 2019, the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, and access to information in 2021. Its scope of action was also strengthened in synergy with a project on access to information funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development. Furthermore, the safety of Tunisian journalists was reinforced through a series of capacity-building activities in 2019 and 2020, which included trainings for members of the judiciary on the safety of journalists and the rule of law, workshops on physical safety for women journalists, and workshops on preventing violent extremism and safety." (p.2)
more
"Este documento recoge los resultados de los Diálogos Intergeneracionales de Comunicación Comunitaria (en adelante, DICC), los cuales consistieron en una serie de cuatro encuentros virtuales realizados a finales de 2020. En los DICC se habló sobre temas que consideramos son ejes transversales par...a entender las dinámicas de los medios comunitarios en la actualidad, tales como, los sentidos de lo comunitario en los medios, las radios comunitarias en la era digital, sus agendas y el papel de las redes de medios. Nos interesaba especialmente identificar las transformaciones experimentadas en el paisaje de los medios comunitarios en clave de perspectivas, nuevas miradas y voces que siguen gestionando la vida de estas múltiples experiencias comunicativas. En los cuatro DICC participaron más de 40 representantes de medios y colectivos de comunicación comunitarios de diferentes países de América Latina, así como académicos y académicas del campo de la comunicación que han aportado desde sus investigaciones y reflexiones a la comprensión de los medios comunitarios y sus dinámicas." (Apuntes iniciales, p.9)
more
"This collection engages with alternatives to mainstream radio systems, histories and concepts. It addresses the impacts and challenges that alternative, community and pirate radio represent." (Publisher)