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Journalists' Socio-Economic Rights in Lebanon

Widad Jarbouh, Karim Safieddine

Beirut: Samir Kassir Foundation (2022), 20 pp.

"The SKF has launched the first edition of its semi-annual study, tackling the issue of journalists' and media workers' socio-economic rights in Lebanon. In its first section, the report sheds light on the responsiveness of journalists and their interaction with the survey, and the idea behind this ... more

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Social Media Behavior During Uprisings: Selective Sharing and Avoidance in the China (Hong Kong), Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon Protests

Claudia Kozman, Clement Y. K. So, Sahar Khalifa Salim, Mostafa Movahedian, Jana El Amin, Jad Melki

Online Media and Global Communication, volume 1, issue 4 (2022), pp. 723-748

"This study examines the use of social media by individuals during protests in China (Hong Kong), Iraq, Iran, and Lebanon. Method: Surveys in the four countries assess the relationship between people's attitudes toward the protests and their selection bias on social media, manifested through selecti ... more

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How Lebanese Elites Coopt Protest Discourse: A Social Media Analysis

Alexandra Siegel

Beirut: Lebanese Center for Policy Studies (LCPS) (2022), 17 pp.

"This report leverages social media data to provide real-time measures of how diverse elites have strategically co-opted protest narratives during Lebanon's 2019 October revolution. Social media data provides temporally granular measures of elites' political communication strategies, as well as thei ... more

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Digital Livelihoods Undone: Digital Skills Training and the Systematic Exclusion of Refugees in Lebanon

Rabih Shibli, Sarah Kouzi

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs, volume 4, issue 3 (2022), pp. 42-47

"A decade into the Syrian war, Lebanon remains the country hosting the largest number of refugees per capita worldwide, limiting their work to three sectors of the economy. Most of the employed refugees have therefore been active in the informal market under indecent and insecure working conditions. ... more

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The Digital Worlds of Displacement-Affected Communities: A Cross-Context Study of How People Affected by Displacement Use Mobile Phones
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GSMA;UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) (2022), 76 pp.

"Through in-depth qualitative research and a survey to confirm and quantify findings, this study aims to provide a more holistic understanding of how displacement-affected communities in three humanitarian settings are using their mobile phones. These settings were chosen to provide a variety of per ... more

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Digital Maps

British Council (2022), 136 pp.

"Developed and delivered in 2021/2022, the Digital Media Arts for an inclusive Public Sphere (Digital MAPS) programme brought together three universities, a data science and software company, an international Digital Peacebuilding NGO, as well as 18 country-based media-arts initiatives, to explore l ... more

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Counter-Hegemonic Collaborations or Alliances of the Underdogs? The Case of TeleSUR with Al-Mayadeen, RT and CGTN

Pablo Sebastian Morales

Global Media and Communication, volume 18, issue 3 (2022), pp. 365-382

"This study explores how news channels from the Global South challenge western narratives by co-producing TV programmes. It focuses on Telesur (Venezuela) and its collaborations with RT (Russia), Al-Mayadeen (Lebanon) and CCTV/CGTN (China). By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this pap ... more

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Living in Refuge: Ritualization and Religiosity in a Christian and a Muslim Palestinian Refugee Camp in Lebanon

Leonardo Schiocchet

Bielefeld: transcript (2022), 264 pp.

"This comparative ethnography of a Muslim and a Christian Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon focuses on contrasting social belonging processes through a ritualization approach. Leonardo Schiocchet argues that contrasts emerge out of the intersectionality of religiosity, nationhood, refugeeness and ... more

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Media Coverage of Religious Freedom and Diversity: Reception and Perception Qualitative Study from Iraq, Lebanon and Sudan

Jad Safwan, Nidal Ayoub, Montadhar Kadhim Nasser, Rasha Abdallah Al-Awad

Beirut: Samir Kassir Foundation;Internews (2022), 40 pp.

"This qualitative study report primarily details the reactions of local audiences in Lebanon, Iraq, and Sudan and their perception of media content produced by journalist trained by ENQUIRE (Enhancing Quality Information on Religious Freedoms). The content is compared with that of more traditional, ... more

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Le rôle de l’Église maronite dans la construction du Liban: 1500 ans d’histoire, du Ve au XXe siècle

Didier Ostermann

Geneva: Globethics.net (2021), 135 pp.

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Routledge Handbook on Arab Media
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Noureddine Miladi, Noha Mellor (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2021), 528 pp.

"This Handbook provides the first comprehensive reference book in English about the development of mass and social media in all Arab countries. Capturing the historical as well as current developments in the media scene, this collection maps the role of media in social and political movements. Contr ... more

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Regional E-Waste Monitor for the Arab States

Giulia Iattoni, Elise Vermeersch, Cornelis Peter Baldé, Innocent Chidi Nnorom, Ruediger Kuehr

Bonn: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP);United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR);ITU;United Nations University (UNU) (2021), 103 pp.

"The key statistical findings for the region are that electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) placed on the market (POM) increased by 30 per cent from 3.2 megatons (Mt), or 8.8 kilograms per inhabitant (kg/inh), in 2010 to 4.1 Mt (or 9.5 kg/inh) in 2019. The Arab States mostly import, rather than ... more

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Media Viability in Lebanon: Applying DW Akademie’s Media Viability Indicators (MVIs)

Ann Hollifield

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 46 pp.

"The biggest detriments to news media viability in Lebanon include: The political partisanship of the media; A lack of sustainable business models for the media; An oversaturated and hypercompetitive media market resulting in lowered quality of content; Too little competition in the advertisement ma ... more

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Media and Information Landscape in Lebanon

Internews;Maharat Foundation (2021), 59 pp.

"Through a combination of qualitative in-depth interviews with alternative media outlets, quantitative audience surveys involving over 1500 respondents, and focus-group discussions with women and youth civil society actors, this media and information landscape (MILA) evaluates the level of trust tow ... more

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Arab Media Systems
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Carola Richter, Claudia Kozman (eds.)

Cambridge: Open Book Publishers (2021), xliv, 345 pp.

"This volume provides a comparative analysis of media systems in the Arab world, based on criteria informed by the historical, political, social, and economic factors influencing a country's media. Reaching beyond classical western media system typologies, Arab Media Systems brings together contribu ... more

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Independent Media in Lebanon: An Economic Outlook

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation (2021), 10 pp.

"Alternative media platforms in Lebanon vary in size and expenditures. Annual turnovers range between USD 15,000 to almost USD 1.1 million. Editorial costs make up the bulk of all alternative media platforms. Namely the salaries of core team members and journalists, as well as the fees paid to freel ... ancers, correspondents, and outside consultants/writers. Secondary costs include production equipment, rent, operation, equipment, legal fees, and technical feels. All interviewed independent platforms are non-profit. Almost all members of independent platforms are motivated primarily by their love of the job. Most independent platforms have relied on volunteering, either totally or partially, from their conception to their current stage. None of the platforms interviewed have a devoted person or team in charge of marketing and sales in the traditional sense of buying ads or working on partnerships. Partnerships are usually rare, approached informally, by word-of-mouth and networks, and decided up by editorial teams. All platforms have one person (full-timer or part-timer) in charge of marketing the platform’s own content on social media, but not advertising other brands on their own platforms, except The961. Almost all the platforms are unsatisfied with the current promotion model on social media. Most concerns are related to the clash between the platform’s values and the ethics and politics of social media platforms. Complaints also touched upon the fact that independent media have to invest time and money to create content, and then they have to pay social media to host it, rather than get paid by social media. Some platforms, such as Khateera, have adopted a pragmatic mindset from the start. “Our only objective is to get our message across to as wide an audience as possible,” they said. All media have agreed that good journalism costs money and generates very little, therefore other revenue streams are required to sustain it. All independent media interviewed have relied mostly on grants, except The961. Grants provide core funding and project-based funding. Both Daraj and Megaphone have also relied on volunteers but have shifted away from it. Sentiments towards grants vary. Most platforms in Lebanon have chosen donors that are not related to national, local or foreign authorities; donors that preserve their editorial integrity: i.e., no interference in editorial decisions and alignment with values and ethics. They all have a good relationship with their donors." (Findings, page 3) more

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Exposed and Exploited: Data Protection in the Middle East and North Africa

Marwa Fatafta, Dima Samaro

Access Now (2021), 45 pp.

"In this report, we highlight how privacy and data protection violations by state and non-state actors are compounded by the lack of legal data protection safeguards which would obligate public entities, private companies, and international organizations to respect and adhere to data protection prin ... more

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Das Selbstmordattentat im Bild: Aktualität und Geschichte von Märtyrerzeugnissen

Verena Straub

Bielefeld: transcript (2021), 314 pp.

"Selbstmordattentate werden seit jeher von Bildern begleitet und durch diese bestimmt. Von Märtyrerpostern über Videotestamente bis hin zu Computersimulationen und Livestreams vom Tatort - die Bildproduktionen der Milizen sind auf vielfältige Weise an der Tat beteiligt und müssen als Akteure im ... more

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Hybrid Media and Hybrid Politics: Contesting Informational Uncertainty in Lebanon and Tunisia

Katrin Voltmer, Kjetil Selvik, Jacob Hoigilt

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 26, issue 4 (2021), pp. 842-860

"This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between hybrid media and hybrid politics in Lebanon and Tunisia. While previous research on the media in hybrid regimes has mainly focused on regime strategies of restricting and manipulating public debate, our analysis moves beyond repression. We ar ... more

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The Struggle Over Narrative in Lebanon Post the October Uprising: Can the Alternative Groups Fight the Ruling Elite's Control Over Media?

Diala Ahwach et al.

Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2021), 49 pp.

"Despite the growing impact and diversity in the alternative media scene in Lebanon, and the key role they play in producing a counter-hegemonic narrative on political, economic, and sociological matters, they remain nonetheless lacking a viable and sturdy infrastructure. The latter is evident in th ... more

The Digital Worlds of Displacement-Affected Communities: A Cross-Context Study of How People Affected by Displacement Use Mobile Phones Top Insights

Routledge Handbook on Arab Media Top Insights

Arab Media Systems Top Insights

The Digital Worlds of Displacement-Affected Communities: A Cross-Context Study of How People Affected by Displacement Use Mobile Phones
Top Insights

Routledge Handbook on Arab Media
Top Insights

Arab Media Systems
Top Insights