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An Illiberal Model of Media Markets: Soft Censorship 2017

Budapest: Mérték Media Monitor (2018), 57 pp.

"The main goal of the 2017 Soft Censorship report is to show how massively uneven the playing field has become for the various players. What remains at this point is only seemingly a market, in reality the enterprises with ties to the government operate in a whole different framework and logic than ... more

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Online Supplement to Working Paper 2018.1. Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation

Samantha Bradshaw, Philip N. Howard

Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute;Computational Propaganda Research Project (2018), 81 pp.

"These are the background case notes complied for MEMO 2018.1: Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation. For details on the methods behind this content analysis please see the methodology section of the report. This document contains data from over 500 s ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2018: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Linda Trail (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2018), xx, 314 pp.

"Macedonia and Montenegro saw the largest overall score increases this year, in comparison to 2017. The improvement across all objectives this year for Macedonia’s media sector can be attributed to political changes that prioritize media in democratic reforms. Although Montenegro’s score improve ... more

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Effective Anti-Corruption Messaging: Lessons from Ukraine

Jordan Gans-Morse

PONARS Eurasia (2018), 8 pp.

"This memo presents evidence based on a survey experiment embedded in a national survey of Ukrainians and a laboratory experiment conducted with Ukrainian university students. The findings indicate that anti-Corruption messaging that emphasizes the success of anti-Corruption campaigns (i.e., a “po ... more

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Understanding Russian Communication Strategy: Case Studies of Serbia and Estonia

Stefan Meister (ed.)

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2018), 60 pp.

"As a part of Russian soft (or coercive) power disinformation and propaganda have become key elements in an updated Russian security policy since 2012/13. For Russian leadership disinformation and propaganda have become key instruments to impact domestic debates in EU member states and in the neighb ... more

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Responding to the Needs of Independent Russian-Language Media: 2018. Brief Policy Paper

Baltic Centre for Media Excellence (2018), 5 pp.

"This paper provides research-based evidence and analysis to assist donors and other stakeholders in taking decisions and setting priorities on the types of interventions and funding modalities to strengthen independent media in the countries of the Eastern Partnership, in particular Russian-languag ... more

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Responding to the Needs of Independent Russian-Language Media: 2018. Recommendations for Donors and Media Developing Institutions Operating in the Countries of the Eastern Partnership

Roman Shuto et al.

Baltic Centre for Media Excellence (2018), 9 pp.

"This brief provides research-based evidence and analysis to assist donors in taking decisions and setting priorities on the types of interventions and funding modalities to strengthen independent media in the countries of the Eastern Partnership, in particular Russian-language media. The final goal ... more

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Contemporary BRICS Journalism: Non-Western Media in Transition
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Svetlana Pasti, Jyotika Ramaprasad (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2018), xiv, 273 pp.

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Anti-Western Propaganda

Tamar Kintsurashvili

Tblisi: Media Development Foundation (MDF);UN Association of Georgia;USAID (2018), 38 pp.

"As many as 1,967 anti-Western comments were detected in the 17 monitored media outlets in 2017. In contrast to 2016 and 2015, when negative messages targeted human identity and rights, in 2017, a dominant topic was the foreign policy with the messages aimed at increasing the polarization on the for ... eign policy orientation of the country. This change in the strategic communication of pro-Kremlin actors shows that “loss of identity” was a rather tactical message that prepared the ground, while the messaging aimed at demonizing Georgia’s strategic partners (USA, NATO, EU) is of strategic nature. The United States of America accounted for the highest share of negative comments (25.9%), up by almost three times as compared to the previous year, followed by NATO (18,4%) and the West (14,1%). Compared to 2016, messages against the European Union have almost doubled (13.4%) whereas the comments about the loss of identity and human rights in anti-Western context have almost halved (12.9%). Comments against nongovernmental organizations (NGO) and the US philanthropist George Soros have trebled, as compared to 2016, and comprised 7.3%; this increase can be explained by a stepped up activity of far-right groups and their campaign to smear Open Society Georgia Foundation. Yet another change as compared to the previous years were clearer messages showcasing Russia as an alternative to the West and idealizing the Soviet system (7.2%). Comments against Great Britain (0,8%) have been mainly detected in two pro-Kremlin online media outlets – Georgia and the World, and Sakinformi. Alike previous years, the main source of anti-Western messages was media (827), followed by politicians (463), society (411), civil organizations (230) and the clergy (37). The structure of the Kremlin narrative in the Georgian discourse consists of three stages and aims at: 1. Creating threats; 2. Sowing distrust towards partners and Western institutions; 3. Ingraining a belief that Russia is the only option in fighting against the threats and that authoritative/Soviet-style governance is necessary. Four major threats were emphasized by pro-Kremlin actors: threat of war; threat of loss of territories; threat of bio subversion; threat of loss of identity." (Key findings, page 7) more

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Online Catholic Communities: Community, Authority, and Religious Individualization

Marta Kolodziejska

Milton: Routledge (2018), viii, 141 pp.

"Using the top three online forums used by Polish Catholics as a case study, this project explores the formation of these online communities. It then looks at the alternative authority structures that emerge online and how these lead to an individualised form of religious engagement that can develop ... more

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Strengths and Weaknesses of the Church Media in Slovakia

Terézia Roncáková

Informatologia, volume 51, issue 3-4 (2018), pp. 206-215

"The author analyses strong and weak points of the Church media in Slovakia. Her conclusions are based on more than ten previous researches in the field of Church and media, realized on the Catholic University in Ruzomberok, Slovakia. She states, that Slovak church media are exclusively pastoral, wi ... more

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Speech and Society in Turbulent Times: Freedom of Expression in Comparative Perspective

Monroe Price, Nicole Stremlau (eds.)

Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press (2018), xix, 334 pp.

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Meinungsmache im Netz: Fake News, Bots und Hate Speech

Peter Limbourg, Ronald Grätz (eds.)

Göttingen: Steidl (2018), 198 pp.

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Social Media and Politics in Central and Eastern Europe

Pawel Surowiec, Václav Stetka (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2018), xvi, 207 pp.

"This book surveys current developments in social media and politics in a range of Central and Eastern European countries, including Ukraine and Russia. It explores the process of adoption of social media by politicians, journalists and civic activists, examines the impact of the different social an ... more

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Russia's Liberal Media: Handcuffed But Free

Vera Slavtcheva-Petkova

New York; London: Routledge (2018), 221 pp.

"This book examines the challenges and pressures liberal journalists face in Putin's Russia. It presents the findings of an in-depth qualitative study, which included ethnographic observations of editorial meetings during the conflict in Ukraine. It also provides a theoretical framework for evaluati ... more

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From Media Systems to Media Cultures: Understanding Socialist Television

Sabina Mihelj, Simon Huxtable

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2018), xiii, 369 pp.

"[The authors] delve into the fascinating world of television under communism, using it to test a new framework for comparative media analysis. To understand the societal consequences of mass communication, the authors argue that we need to move beyond the analysis of media systems, and instead focu ... more

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Digital News Report 2018

Nic Newman, Richard Fletcher, Antonis Kalogeropoulos, David A. L. Levy, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen (eds.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2018), 143 pp.

"The use of social media for news has started to fall in a number of key markets after years of continuous growth. Usage is down six percentage points in the United States, and is also down in the UK and France. Almost all of this is due to a specific decline in the discovery, posting, and sharing o ... more

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In Repressive Countries, Citizens Go 'dark' to Share Independent News

Kate Musgrave

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017)

"CIMA’s analysis of audience data from nearly 40 countries yields a statistically significant correlation between freedom of the press and reliance on dark social sharing: the more repressive the media environment, the more likely the audience is to access news through dark social. Even more illus ... more

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Soviet Subversion, Disinformation and Propaganda: How the West Fought Against it. An Analytic History, with Lessons for the Present

Nicholas J. Cull, Vasily Gatov, Peter Pomerantsev, Anne Applebaum, Alistair Shawcross

London: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) (2017), 7 pp.

"What were Soviet influence and disinformation campaigns? What did the West do about them? This study answers these questions, explaining the Cold War strategies followed by the USSR, as well as the Western response. Eleven case studies follow, each one examining a counter-disinformation tactic in d ... more

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In Media We Trust: Journalists and Institutional Trust Perceptions in Post-Authoritarian and Post-Totalitarian Countries

Alice N. Tejkalová et al.

Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 629-644

"Trust is a societal value that is difficult to gain and easy to lose. This article deals with the levels of trust that journalists working in eight post-authoritarian and post-totalitarian countries (Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Czech Republic, Indonesia, Latvia, South Africa and Tanzania) have i ... more

Contemporary BRICS Journalism: Non-Western Media in Transition Top Insights

Contemporary BRICS Journalism: Non-Western Media in Transition
Top Insights