"The first part of this publication provides insight into the media development practices and policy frameworks of France, Germany, Norway and the United Kingdom while the second part deals with different issues and projects, such as the role of media for social transformation in Africa and coordina
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tion of international donors and implementers. The contributions to this publication indicate a broad mutual understanding of the role of, and strategies for, media development. Four common characteristics can be highlighted. First, media assistance is seen as an integral part of democracy support, mainly due to the role of media as a guarantor of accountability and platform for public discourse. Second, media assistance requires not only journalism training, but a sector approach including all levels of the media sector, as professional editorial and financial management, capable professional associations, and an enabling regulatory environment. Third, financial sustainability is of paramount importance for a functioning independent media sector, and media development cooperation must become more active in this area. Fourth, closer cooperation and partnerships among donors and implementers should be encouraged." (Executive summary)
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"This publication describes the main media assistance funders outside the USA in an alphabetical fashion from 'Arab States' to 'United Kingdom', complemented by data on the European Commission (EC), UNESCO and UNDP. The EC is likely to be the biggest single funder of media development projects besid
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es the United States. An approximate and conservative guess was a current yearly commitment by the EC of about $82 million worth of media-related projects. For comparison, Sweden and Norway provided $30 million and $19 million on media support, respectively, in 2008, and the Netherlands and Switzerland were estimated to fund about $37 million and $29 million per year, respectively. In forming part of the "governance" agenda of many donors the rationale for media support is being much more precisely articulated than in the past, and it is no longer as confused with either communications as public relations or with communications as a tool for social or behavioural change. Nevertheless, often there is no long-term strategy or commitment for media development and, as a result, more complex media reform programmes (for instance legislation, reform of state broadcasters, or establishment of national training structures) are not tackled accordingly." (CAMECO Update 1-2010)
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"This paper is a summary of a desk-review of donor policies, experiencies and evaluations in the realm of media support, which studied 30 of the major aid donors. It attempts to draw together the major lessons learned in terms of media support from a donor perspective." (Page 1)
"Radio seems to have proven itself as a developmental tool, particularly with the rise of community and local radios, which have facilitated a far more participatory and horizontal type of communication than was possible with the older, centralised broadcasting model of the 1960s and 70s. There seem
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s also to have been a re-discovery of radio in the context of new ICTs, a realisation that technology has made radio into a more two-way medium and that it can help bridge the digital divide by providing a powerful tool for information dissemination and access, especially for hard-to-reach rural audiences [...] Whilst there are some proven successes in terms of radio's development impact to date, there are still some question-marks over radio's impact. This report identifies and discusses the issues of gender and minority access and inclusion in radio broadcasting; the issue of inciting violence and radio's 'double-edged' nature in vulnerable societies; the whole question of sustainability and whether or not developmental - and/or 'public-service' - radio is a viable concern from an economic standpoint. Underlying all these questions remains the challenge of how precisely to measure the impact of radio; finding appropriate methodological tools and forums to do so; and the problem of defining and researching behaviour change." (Executive summary)
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"This paper was prepared primarily for internal use by DFID Effective States Team as part of a wider stocktake on accountability. Sections 8-10 were commissioned from a consultant, Mary Myers. The
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paper is draft only, and does not represent the official position of DFID on media / information / accountability, and DFID does not necessarily subsrcibe to any views or opinions expressed herein." (Page 1)
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"This evaluation of Andrew Lees Trust’s Projet Radio (ALT/PR) in Southern Madagascar examines the impact of radio broadcasts on audience knowledge and attitudes relating to certain MDGs. It finds that the project is achieving some notable success in changing and enhancing knowledge and attitudes o
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n topics including HIV/AIDS, family planning, mother and child health, environmental issues, social and administrative issues and gender inequality. Radio is also having a positive impact on uptake of health services, enrolment in literacy classes, construction of environmentally-friendly woodstoves, tree-planting, agricultural yields, and awareness of strategies for poverty reduction through incomegeneration and community associations. This evaluation looks at ALT/PR’s methods and organisation and finds many advantages to its particular three-way process of working. This involves radio stations, communities and local service-providers in a mutually advantageous partnership for the production, distribution and broadcasting of radio programmes. The provision of radio-sets to listening groups appears to be a very successful strategy, and our surveys show a high level of commitment and enthusiasm on the part of listeners, especially women. The ability of radio to scale-up and extend the on-the-ground work of local service-providers emerges quite clearly. Our study also looks at challenges that ALT/PR has tackled and, in some cases, is still facing. These are challenges involving management and networking in what is a particularly poor and disadvantaged area. The project still faces issues relating to ensuring its radio programmes are consistently and truly participative. Demand for its services is high and there is a risk of staff becoming over-stretched, particularly for senior management. ALT/PR is demonstrably cost effective and has a good local reputation, but fundraising continues to be a time-consuming preoccupation. ALT/PR is already tackling the major long-term challenge of sustaining the networking mechanism it has set up, and we highlight some encouraging signs of sustainability." (Abstract)
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"These guidelines were written for DFID staff in need of advice on the monitoring and evaluating Information and Communication for Development (ICD) programmes. The guidelines introduce a range of approaches useful at various stages of a development programme. The guidelines are aimed at programmes
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involving: face-to-face communication or information activities such as counselling or extension visits; community-level communications such as theatre, role-playing, workshops, posters and other print materials; TV, radio, film and video; internet and email communications programmes; telecommunications-based projects. The guidelines are structured around the project cycle, with sections on: things to think about before you start; planning and budgeting; monitoring and evaluation at the start of your programme; methods for ongoing monitoring and evaluation; measuring impacts and outcomes at the end of your programme; the tools of good practice; sources of further information." (ELDIS)
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"Rural African women’s disadvantaged position in relation to accessing developmental information and participating in education is well-known. It has been posited that radio broadcasting is potentially a tool which could help overcome some of their disadvantages. Through an empirical case-study of
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radio broadcasting in Eritrea, the research examines the extent to which radio is fulfilling this potential educational and developmental role in relation to rural women. The practical and socio-cultural factors influencing the production of educational and developmental programmes by broadcasters are explored as well as the meaning and attraction that such programmes hold for listeners. For rural women, a model is proposed, based on the research results, which shows the determinants of interest in and uptake of educational and developmental radio. It identifies the obstacles to hearing and understanding the radio, as well as four important factors, namely, the need to feel the relevance of radio content, to like it, to have a sufficiently positive self-image in relation to radio listening, and to believe it. For broadcasters, a second model is proposed, showing a range of factors which are mostly negatively influencing the production of programmes for rural women in Eritrea. These are related mainly to broadcasters’ self-images, their organisational constraints, their working ethos, and the ideological and political factors governing the way broadcasting is planned and structured." (Abstract)
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"Taking 14 radio serial dramas from around the world shows that many aspects of the way they are organised are not replicable: what works in one context would just not work in another. This is because of the very nature of pro-social media projects: they depend so much on the personal contacts of th
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e producers, and the specific needs and tastes of the target audience. A successful model for one country may well not work in another, simply because there are so many variables. Having presented this caveat, the following is a list of replicable features gleaned from the 14 projects studied. More detail about how these features work in practice can be found in each case-study. The features have been selected because they either show up strongly across all projects, have been singled out by project-holders as the key to their success, or because they seem to have the potential for translating across countries and sectors." (Recommendations, page 21)
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"Radio has played a pivotal role in situations of conflict, crisis, change and development on the African continent. Local radio stations are as important as international broadcasters being both the barometers and agents of change. This text examines African radio broadcast cultures." (Publisher de
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scription)
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