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Hate Network: Hate Speech on Social Media Platforms in the Palestinian Context and its Impact on Their Digital Rights

Nijmeh Ali

Arab Center for Social Media Advancement (2021), 46 pp.

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Public Participation: An Assessment of Recent ICT Policy Making Processes in Kenya

Grace Githaiga, Victor Kapiyo, Sigi Waigumo Mwanzia

KICTANet (2021), 29 pp.

"This report assesses the extent to which the public participated in three recent ICT policy and law-making processes. These include the National Information Communications and Technology (ICT) Policy, 2019, the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act, 2018, and the Data Protection Act, 2019 [...] Gener ... more

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Mapping and Analysis of Privacy Laws and Policies in Africa: Summary Report

CIPESA (2021), 12 pp.

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Digital Rights in Zimbabwe, UPR Submission, Session 40

Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) (2021), 10 pp.

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¿Quién gobierna internet?

Henning Lahmann, Jan Engelmann

Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2021), 42 pp.

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United by Challenge: Regional Opportunities to Drive Media Reform in Southeast Europe

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021)

"Southeast Europe’s strong tradition of regional cooperation for media reform can be leveraged to address the renewed threats independent media face. Countries in the region have shared cultural and trade ties, common media markets, and face similar threats to a free and independent press. They al ... more

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Privacy Violated: Protection of Customers’ Personal Information by Internet Service Providers in Palestine

Nesma Jabr, Marwa Fatafta, Dima Samaro

ImpACT International;Access Now (2021), 43 pp.

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Harmony Laws in Southeast Asia: Majority Dominance, Minority Repression

Bangkok: Asia Centre;Association for Progressive Communications (APC) (2021), 63 pp.

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A digital scramble for Africa: US, EU and Chinese influences on internet regulation in Africa and their effects on freedom of expression and the right to privacy

David Fischer

Coimbra: University of Coimbra, European Master’s Programme in Human Rights and Democratisation, Master Thesis (2020), 91 pp.

"Divisive Internet regulation is fragmenting the formerly worldwide web into numerous shards that follow their own rules. The US, the EU and China are influential in shaping regulation even beyond their own jurisdictions, with consequences for human rights, particularly in Africa. This paper argues ... more

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Notions of Disinformation and Related Concepts (ERGA Report)

European Regulators Group for Audiovisual Media Services (ERGA) (2020), 93 pp.

"1) Any definition of disinformation in legislation or other regulation, such as regulatory guidance, must take into account the serious implications for freedom of expression and media freedom. Particularly to the extent that provisions on disinformation have been adopted in criminal law, a precise ... more

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Defending freedom of expression: Fake news laws in East and Southeast Asia
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Bangkog; Manila: Asia Centre;Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD). (2020), 61 pp.

"This report compares the impact of legislation in countries with multiparty legislatures and independent government institutions, and countries with one dominant political force and an absence of independent national institutions. It finds that in the former countries, provisions are included to sa ... more

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Online surveillance and the repressive Press Council Bill 2018. A two-pronged approach to media self-censorship in Nigeria

Olunifesi Adekunle Suraj

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 80-99

"This chapter examines the perceptions of Nigerian journalists towards the Nigerian Press Council Bill 2018 and the governments’ online surveillance. The study employs survey and interview methods: 217 Nigerian media practitioners selected from print and online media responded to the questionnaire ... more

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Perspektiven digitaler Governance in China: Zwischen Verbesserung sozialer Teilhabe und politischer Kontrolle

Katja Drinhausen

Hanns Seidel Stiftung (2020), 40 pp.

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The Last-mile Internet Connectivity Solutions Guide: Sustainable Connectivity Options for Unconnected Sites

John Garrity, Aminata Amadou Garba

Geneva: ITU (2020), xviii, 137 pp.

"There are several overarching reasons why billions of people remain offline, ranging from a lack of network infrastructure availability and affordable Internet services to gaps in skills and ability, the availability and cost of personal devices, and a perceived lack of relevancy. For example, over ... 750 million people (approximately 10 per cent of the global population) are not covered by mobile broadband (3G or higher).2 This lack of coverage is particularly concentrated in rural and remote areas. In addition to the coverage gap, usage gaps exist in places with broadband coverage. For example, while up to 31 per cent of individuals in Africa do not have mobile broadband coverage, around 45 per cent do not use mobile Internet even though they live in places with mobile coverage. Estimates also suggest that there are at least 88 countries worldwide where average prices for entry-level mobile broadband service are considered unaffordable (above 2 per cent of average monthly GNI per capita). The Last-Mile Connectivity Internet Solutions Guide was developed to support the design and development of programmes and interventions that address two of these main issues: the lack of Internet infrastructure availability in certain areas; high Internet service prices that make Internet connectivity unaffordable for local populations. The Solutions Guide presents a methodology for introducing sustainable, affordable connectivity solutions in unconnected and underserved geographies. Although the other challenges (e.g. digital literacy, personal devices and locally relevant content) are as important, they are not the focus here, as they are addressed in depth in other resources listed in the Annex 2. This Solutions Guide was developed to help accelerate actions by Member States to address last-mile Internet connectivity issues in situations that include a lack of network infrastructure and with a view to encouraging more affordable service delivery. It has been written from the perspective of localities and users in geographies without Internet access: the last-mile connectivity communities. The tools, service interventions and policy solutions therefore reflect how best to extend Internet access to those localities, taking into account their unique characteristics." (Executive summary) more

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Rural Broadband Policy Framework: Connecting the Unconnected. A Rural Broadband Policy Framework providing guidance to address the 'Digital Divide'

Washington, DC: Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI);World Wide Web Foundation;Association for Progressive Communications (APC);CIPESA (2020), 15 pp.

"The internet has revolutionised the way that many of us live our lives, enabling new forms of communication, fostering online communities, fuelling economic growth, and facilitating all manner of entertainment. Yet about half of the world’s population remains offline, and only about 19% of the Le ... more

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Analysis of Ethiopia’s Hate Speech and Disinformation Prevention and Suppression Proclamation No.1185/2020

Kampala: CIPESA (2020), 4 pp.

"Although the Proclamation has good intentions of curbing hate speech in Ethiopia, it fundamentally restricts freedom of expression online and the right to information. Further, the proclamation has a chilling effect on online and offline rights, which could lead to self-censorship. For instance, jo ... more

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Secuencia e hitos de la polémica ley de las TIC en Colombia

Débora Margarita Pérez Serna, Diana Lombana

Bogotá: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2020), 9 pp.

"La ley TIC (tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones) 1978, aprobada en julio de 2019 por el Congreso de la República de Colombia, es fruto de numerosas polémicas que desencadenaron movilizaciones, debates ciudadanos y cuestionamientos públicos. ¿Cuáles fueron sus ejes de discusió ... more

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Who Moderates the Social Media Giants? A Call to End Outsourcing

Paul M. Barrett

New York: New York University Stern Center for Business and Human Rights (2020), 28 pp.

"Content moderation—the process of deciding what stays online and what gets taken down— is an indispensable aspect of the social media industry. Without it, online platforms would be inundated not just by spam, but by personal bullying, neo-Nazi screeds, terrorist beheadings, and child sexual ab ... more

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Discurso de odio en América Latina: Tendencias de regulación, rol de los intermediarios y riesgos para la libertad de expresión

Marianne Díaz Hernández

Santiago de Chile: Derechos Digitales (2020), 24 pp.

"En gran parte de América Latina existen normas que buscan regular los actos de discurso, ya sea a través de normativas contra el discurso de odio, o mediante la penalización de los “delitos de honor” (cuyo traslado al ámbito civil y la correspondiente despenalización, dicho sea de paso, es ... more

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Digital Neo-Colonialism: The Chinese Model of Internet Sovereignty in Africa

Willem Gravett

African Human Rights Law Journal, volume 20, issue 1 (2020), pp. 125-146

"China is making a sustained effort to become a ‘cyber superpower’. An integral part of this effort is the propagation by Beijing of the notion of ‘internet sovereignty’ – China’s supreme right to govern the internet within its borders and keep it under rigid control. Chinese companies w ... more

Defending freedom of expression: Fake news laws in East and Southeast Asia Top Insights

Defending freedom of expression: Fake news laws in East and Southeast Asia
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