"The survey found that 58% of Kenyans interviewed consume TV content on a typical day. This translates to approximately 16,740,493 Kenyans aged above 15 years who consume TV content. This is a drop from 74% of the respondents recorded in the 2020 survey. Across the regions, 60% of persons in North E
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astern, 57% of people in Western, 45% of people in Nyanza and 42% of people in Coast regions do not consume TV content. The average time per day spent watching TV was calculated to 2 hours. This is lower than the global average time spent watching TV, which is 3 hours, 24 minutes. Approximately 19% and 64% of the people access TV content via Pay TV decoders and free to air set top boxes. The most watched content on TV includes news, entertainment, religious and sports content, with at least 11% of all the mentions made by respondents. A total of 70% of the content consumed is on local TV content, compared to 30% of foreign TV content. Citizen TV, KTN Home and NTV had 27%, 11% and 9% of all the mentions respectively, as one of the 3 most watched TV channels by respondents. Some of the respondents could not however distinguish between KTN Home and KTN News. Across the country, radio content is consumed by 74% of Kenyans on a typical day. This translates to approximately 21,459,073 Kenyans who consume radio content. This proportion is not different from the proportion recorded in 2020 survey. The average time per day spent listening to radio was calculated to 2 hours. This is higher than the global average time spent on listening to radio, which is 1 hour [...]" (Executive summary)
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"Internews focuses primarily on the information ecosystem for Syrian refugees residing in Lebanon to acknowledge and unpack the unique experiences for Syrians at a time when information is heavily impacted by Lebanon’s various compounding crises. The ecosystem for Syrians is assessed here as an ec
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osystem within Lebanon’s larger information environment which largely caters to Lebanese communities." (https://internews.org)
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"1. Los proveedores de información no han atendido suficientemente las necesidades de los refugiados y migrantes en la región, especialmente aquellos en situaciones más vulnerables como los refugiados y migrantes LGBTQI+ y aquellos con estatus migratorio irregular. Los líderes comunitarios para
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las asociaciones venezolanas no se han involucrado directamente en la reproducción del contenido de los medios, pero juegan un papel importante en la producción y distribución de información para las comunidades. 2. Los periodistas y las plataformas de medios carecen de información específica sobre los derechos de los refugiados y migrantes, con brechas de información sobre el estatus migratorio y los derechos legales. Asimismo, la falta de financiamiento de las plataformas y organizaciones de medios resulta en el retraso de la difusión de información y no asegura que la comunidad tenga acceso oportuno a información legal importante [...]" (Conclusiones claves, página 3)
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"In contemporary high-choice media environments, the issue of media trust and its impact on people’s media use has taken on new importance. At the same time, the extent to which people trust the news media and how much it matters for their use of different types of media is not clear. To lay the g
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roundwork for future research, in this article we offer a focused review of (a) how news media trust has been conceptualized and operationalized in previous research and (b) research on the extent to which news media trust influences media use, and (c) offer a theoretically derived framework for future research on news media trust and its influence on media use." (Abstract)
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"This article explores the reception practices of multi-lingual audiences in Ghana, focusing on their views on the different norms and approaches of local language and English language radio newscasts. Using data from a convenience sample of 1000 radio listeners in five Ghanaian cosmopolitan cities
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the study finds that audiences prefer more performative modes of news delivery on their local language stations. It was also evident that radio audiences are discerning and make distinctions between what is acceptable on local language versus English language radio. These results call for a reconsideration of western-influenced standards of news delivery and the development of professional standards more accommodating of the inflections of culture." (Abstract)
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"There are close to 60 operating print news media, radio and television stations in El Alto, in addition to a half dozen digital information portals. There are approximately 200 journalists in El Alto, but most of them lack formal labor contracts and perform their work as independent producers or co
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-producers, earning incomes from sponsors and renting workspaces from radio and television studios to broadcast their news programs. Traditionally, the main sponsors for these news programs are government-affiliated actors, and this usually affects the news content. News media from La Paz and other area outside of El Alto have a strong presence in the city which visibly influences the news coverage model applied in El Alto and the agenda set by the media. Often external sources, issues of public order in other areas of the country, and issues of national interest disproportionately prevail over local issues and the voices of the city. Despite the indigenous Aymara roots of the older population and the Aymara identity that is the pride of the city, the Aymara language is only partially used on news programs. The majority of people consulted for this study indicated their preference for receiving news in Spanish. According to the results of the survey, residents of El Alto say that they receive information first from TV (42%), then from Facebook (29%), then from radio (15%), although they have less confidence in Facebook (13%) and believe that radio best reflects what happens in the city (28%). The population of El Alto tends to prefer news media from other cities rather than from local sources. The public is fragmented and does not acknowledge media that captures a majority viewership. To receive or exchange information about what is happening in the city itself, people tend to turn to their neighbors and family as they consider the news media to be out of touch with their daily lives, providing information that is biased and distorted." (Executive summary)
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"En El Alto funcionan cerca de 60 medios impresos, de radio y televisivos, además de media docena de portales digitales informativos. Los periodistas suman alrededor de 200, aunque la mayoría de ellos carecen de una relación laboral formal y desarrollan su trabajo en condición de productores ind
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ependientes o co-productores, obtienen ingresos de la publicidad que consiguen y alquilan espacios en medios radiofónicos o de TV para difundir sus programas noticiosos. Tradicionalmente, los mayores anunciadores en esos noticieros son gubernamentales y suelen condicionar los contenidos de las informaciones. A ello se suma la fuerte presencia entre las audiencias de los medios informativos de La Paz u otras ciudades, la que influye visiblemente en el modelo de cubrimiento noticioso que se aplica en El Alto y en la definición de la agenda informativa. De esa forma, prevalecen las fuentes oficiales, los temas de orden político y de interés nacional en desmedro de los asuntos locales y las voces de la ciudad. A pesar de la raíz indígena aymara que posee la población de mayor edad y de la identidad aymara de que se precia la urbe, el idioma aymara es parcialmente utilizado en los programas de noticias y la mayoría de las personas consultadas para este estudio señaló su preferencia por el idioma castellano. De acuerdo con la encuesta realizada, los habitantes de El Alto dicen informarse primero por la TV (42%), luego por el Facebook (29%) y en tercer lugar por la radio (15%), aunque confían menos en el segundo (13%) y piensan que la última es la que refleja de mejor modo lo que sucede en la ciudad (28%). La población de El Alto suele preferir los medios periodísticos de otras ciudades que los de carácter local." (Resumen ejecutivo)
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"Una antigua canción de 1979 (Video killed the radio star de The Buggles) decía en su título que el video había matado a la radio. Quizás esa fue la percepción que se tuvo por un momento debido al surgimiento de fenómenos sociales como MTV (una cadena de televisión que sólo transmitía vide
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os musicales) en 1981, pero la verdad es que 40 años después de esta corriente se puede afirmar que en el Perú la radio sigue siendo el canal principal para escuchar música." (Página 1)
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"The Afrobarometer survey conducted in late 2019 shows that although radio and television remain the most dominant news sources, daily news consumption via social media (by 22% of Ghanaians) and the Internet (19%) is steadily increasing. Social media is less trusted as a source of information – on
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ly 39% of Ghanaians say they trust it “somewhat” or “a lot” – than private and public media (55% each) and government sources (54%). Close to eight in 10 Ghanaians (78%) say politicians and political parties spread information that they know is false. But smaller majorities also blame government officials, journalists, social media users, and activists and interest groups. Although an overwhelming majority (92%) of Ghanaians who have heard of social media think social media usage makes people more aware of current happenings, almost as many (86%) say it makes people more likely to believe fake news. One-third (32%) of Ghanaians support government regulation of access to the Internet and social media, but close to half (48%) prefer unrestricted access. Large majorities of Ghanaians “agree” or “strongly agree” that the government should be able to limit or prohibit the sharing of false news (77%), hate speech (69%), and news and opinions that criticize or insult the president (57%). Close to half (48%) also say the government should be able to limit the spread of information it disapproves of." (Key findings, page 2)
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"Quatre Togolais sur cinq environ disposent d’une radio dans leur ménage (81%) et suivent régulièrement les informations à la radio (78%). Deux ménages sur cinq (44%) ne possèdent pas de télévision. La moitié (51%) des Togolais ne suivent jamais ou rarement les informations à la télé.
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Un cinquième des Togolais (18%) possède un ordinateur. Quatre Togolais sur cinq (82%) ont un téléphone portable à usage personnel. Un tiers (32%) de la population ont des téléphones qui peuvent accéder à l’Internet. Moins de deux Togolais sur 10 (18%) s’informent souvent via l’Internet." (Résultats clés)
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"The research on audience behavior and the effects of Free Media Advocacy Campaign was conducted on a sample of 1,000 respondents, 25 to 55 years of age, and focused on the citizens’ viewpoint towards paying for media content (with the possibility of comparison to 2019 research) and evaluation of
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the campaign “Independent Media Depend on You” (IREX and Agency Communis). In terms of media consumption, respondents from 2019 generally spent more time with media than in the 2020 research. In addition, it is noticeable that respondents in both research cycles spent more time watching television and listening to the radio. The average time respondents spent per day watching television in 2020 was 108.6 minutes, while in 2019 the average time spent watching this media was 161.4 minutes. The average time respondents spent listening to the radio in the research conducted in 2020 is the same as the time spent watching TV (108.6 minutes), while in 2019, radio was the media respondents spent the most time listening to – 166.8 minutes. Social networks are the third most used media in terms of time spent on them per day (average time for 2020 – 87.6 minutes; average time for 2019 – 126.6 minutes). In fourth place are informative online portals and sites, while fifth place is print media with which respondents spend the least time per day (average time – 27 minutes). When it comes to citizens’ trust in media, it is evident that in both research cycles there is a greater distrust than a trust in the media, and this fits in the broader picture of citizen’s distrust in all civil society institutions. A total of 43% of respondents generally do not trust the media in Serbia at all – in 2020, while in 2019 the percentage was lower by two points (41%). On the other hand, a total of 22% of respondents stated that they have full confidence and that they mostly have trust in Serbian media, which is one percentage point more than in the research conducted in 2019. About a third of respondents had a neutral stance about trust in media (31% in 2020, 33% in 2019). A large percentage of respondents were not willing to pay for online content, however, when compared with 2019’s findings, SMS noticed that the willingness to pay for online content is more noticeable in 2020." (Summary)
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"L’utilisation de la mesure d’audience par les médias est faible en Côte d’Ivoire. Selon une étude du Ministère de la Communication, de l’Économie Numérique et de la Poste (2017), la plupart des médias ivoiriens naviguent à vue sans une véritable connaissance et maîtrise du marché
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par des études d’audience et d’habitude de consommation des cibles. Dans le cas de la presse écrite, les maisons d’édition permettent d’établir l’audience en précisant même le lieu. Pour la presse numérique, les compteurs présents sur les pages web le permettent également. Par contre, avec une transmission par la voie des ondes, il est difficile de savoir qui regarde quoi et à quel moment. L’un des moyens permettant aux diffuseurs d’avoir un retour sur leurs émissions est le sondage. En effet, l'audience a acquis, au fil des années, une importance capitale. Plus un écran est regardé, plus un annonceur est intéressé. De plus, le déploiement de la télévision numérique te restre (TNT) est en cours sur le territoire ivoirien, évolution qui renforce la nécessité d’une mesure d’audience fiable et régulière afin de permettre une éclosion adaptée des chaînes et programmes répondant aux attentes de la population. Bien que tous les indicateurs de mesure d’audience ne soient pas investigués par les enquêtes d’Afrobarometer, les résultats ici présentés révèlent que la télévision et la radio ont les scores les plus élevés d’audience. Cependant l’on observe que les audiences de l’Internet et des médias sociaux tels que Facebook et Twitter connaissent une forte progression. La radio se présente comme le seul média à s’imposer aussi bien en milieu rural qu’urbain et avec la plus faible différence selon le niveau de pauvreté." (Résumé)
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