"This study analyses 14,854 news articles about refugees from 72 English-language newspapers worldwide in 2016. Using a combination of topic modelling and network analysis, we inductively identify the frames used to depict refugees and then examine the factors that help shape the news framing of the
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issue between various countries. We unveiled five frames: cultural and everyday life, Global North politics, aid, violence and international conflict. We also identified significant correlations between distance to country of origin and political stability and news frame usage, giving insights into the political, economic and cultural contexts that interact in the frame-building stage of the coverage of refugees in different countries. From a theoretical perspective, this study advances the understanding of news coverage of refugees, particularly the differences emerging between the Global North and the Global South countries." (Abstract)
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"This multi-disciplinary study aims to explore the diverse effects of social media on Afghan youth, focusing on usage patterns, mental health implications, entertainment-driven time allocation, financial expenditures, exposure to explicit content, and academic performance. Methods: A cross-sectional
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online survey was conducted between September and December 2023, gathering responses from 1556 participants (67% males, 33% females) through various social media platforms. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, employing statistical tests such as ANOVA and Chi-Square to examine relationships between social media usage and its impacts. Results: The study reveals significant links between social media usage and demographic, behavioral, and mental health factors. Key findings include Facebook as the most used platform (83.6%), with the majority of participants spending 1–3 hours daily on social media. Age differences in time spent were significant (F=15.64, p<0.001). Entertainment was the primary use (45.5%), with gender differences in engagement levels. High anxiety (78.5%) and moderate depression (38.3%) were reported. Significant associations between social media use and mental health were found (eg, x2=591.87, p<0.001 for nervousness). Excessive use negatively impacted study habits, with 25.7% feeling it hindered their academic performance. Conclusion: This study highlights the multifaceted impacts of social media on Afghan youth, including both positive aspects like enhanced communication and empowerment and negative aspects such as mental health issues and academic challenges. The significant relationships between social media usage and various life aspects underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote healthy digital habits and mitigate adverse effects. Further research is recommended to explore long-term impacts and effective strategies for managing social media use among Afghan youth." (Abstract)
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"Despite the assertion that radio is a dying medium due to technological advances, community radio has proven its resilience and relevance as an essential tool for development communication. Launched in 2020, the community FM radio in New Corella, Davao del Norte, has been instrumental in reaching t
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housands of households with news, entertainment, and developmental initiatives. This program promotes an inclusive, consultative, and participatory approach to local development. Hence, this study investigated the extent of listeners' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the development programs and examined the influence of demographic factors on these aspects through a descriptive correlational survey. The 252 listeners were surveyed, and the study found significant associations between their educational attainment, employment status, and ethnicity to their knowledge, attitudes, and practices. These findings underscore the importance of considering demographic variables in enhancing community engagement and the effectiveness of community radio initiatives. Strategies were also proposed to improve development programs based on the data findings such as developing inclusive and creative program content for all ages, ethnicities and genders, and producing radio-based education programs." (Abstract)
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"Since wars begin in the minds of men and women, it is in the minds of men and women that the defences of peace must be constructed” Countering racism in and through education Racist ideologies and discrimination continue to be a global problem. They are still widespread in our societies and roote
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d in different channels that enable their diffusion. Racism in education materials is a prevalent issue that must be addressed." (Short summary)
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"This study explores how journalists in the United States advocated for a stronger affirmation of social justice in journalism following the murder of George Floyd in 2020. Analyzing the metajournalistic discourse in trade publications (Niemanlab, Columbia Journalism Review, Poynter) and on the web,
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this study traces how journalists and commentators challenged the professional norm of journalistic objectivity. In particular, it examines how journalistic objectivity became identified as a problematic concept, what journalists were suggesting as its alternative, and how the journalistic establishment responded. This study identifies three dimensions of criticisms and connects these to disagreements within specific modalities of journalistic objectivity (procedural, ethical, ideological). Ultimately, this analysis locates an ideological struggle in which fundamental moral norms of journalism are not only being vigorously contested but also rearticulated and renegotiated." (Abstract)
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"Más allá de ser meramente intermediarios, medios de comunicación, periodistas, comunicadoras y comunicadores sociales construyen narrativas de la memoria y del pasado a través de su labor y prác ticas cotidianas.A través de su trabajo dan contexto a los acontecimientos en perspectiva históri
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ca y a futuro, en diálogo con y entretejiendo las voces de actores involucrados e impactados por la violencia armada y no armada (por ej. física, socio-psicológica, económica o basada en género), dando centralidad a las víctimas y sus narrativas. Desempeñan varios roles como ser acompañantes o cohesionadores de procesos personales y colectivos de memorias y de situaciones de dolor, lo que les expone también a condiciones de vulnerabilidad emocional y profesional. Estando inmersos en y supeditados a las diversas dinámicas de los contextos sobre los que representan, narran, informan y opinan, el reconocimiento de estas y estos profesionales y de su agencia implica la importancia de considerar disposiciones ideológico-políticas, actitudes y comportamientos en el marco de su labor. En contextos como el colombiano emergen iniciativas periodísticas independientes y de amplio alcance que aprovechan nuevas tecnologías y medios de comunicación en expansión, gracias a la agencia de comunidades y grupos poblacionales. Por sus ventajas y desventajas potenciales es fundamental una contextualización crítica de esas herramientas, cuando se proponga usarlas en regiones con desarrollo desigual de conectividad o poco acceso a infraestructura digital." (Resumen ejecutivo)
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"Chile’s largest social uprising in 30 years began in October 2019. Protests erupted throughout the country, inspired by a widespread belief that the state and powerful institutional actors, such as the media, had undermined the dignity of much of the population. In this article, we explore how an
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d the extent to which mainstream media, specifically television, has affected the dignity of the Chilean people and how participants in the social uprising defined the concept. Drawing on the hundreds of complaints filed with the National Television Council (CNTV) and using grounded theory, we argue that allegations against harm to people’s dignity caused by the media have become more prevalent in Chile. The reasons given by audience members include the violence of the broadcasts themselves, the stigmatization of certain people and groups, and a lack of journalistic ethics. Ultimately, this article analyzes a key concept for social uprisings and connects it to the ethical and political role of media systems and newsmaking in contemporary democracies." (Abstract)
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"This article focuses on collaborative investigative journalism across the U.S.-Mexico (Global North-South) border. The frame theoretical study examines how virtual and inperson cross-border collaboration counters xenophobic frames and contextualizes coverage of Central America and Mexico and forced
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migration from the region between 2016 and 2022. The study found that cross-border collaborative journalism effectively exposed wrongdoing by the Central American, Mexican, and U.S. governments while countering misinformation about Central American and Mexican migrants. The coverage also expanded humanitarian frames, providing nuanced descriptions of the suffering of Central American and Mexican citizens. However, a deep historical context concerning U.S. hegemony in Central America and its impact on the cycle of violence and forced migration was missing from the coverage produced in virtual collaboration. The most critical and contextual coverage was produced in in-person collaborations, where journalists from both sides of the North-South border worked side by side in Central America. The findings raise concerns about what kinds of context, dialogue, and awareness fail to emerge in North-South collaborations limited to virtual spaces." (Abstract)
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"The watchdog role has been one of the most widely discussed normative functions of the press. In this study, we examine the public’s attitudes toward the news media’s watchdog performance and how they correlate with trust in news and news avoidance, two important phenomena for democracy and the
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health of the public sphere. We further examine how individual predispositions (e.g. political interest, ideology) and contextual variables (e.g. press freedom) moderate these relationships. Based on data from the 2019 Reuters Institute Digital News Report, and controlling for a range of factors, we find that across 38 countries, watchdog performance evaluations are positively associated with trust in news but that they are also positively associated with higher levels of news avoidance. Last, we find that evaluations of media in other functions like helping citizens understand the most important topics of the day and choosing relevant topics were more strongly associated to trust in news and lower news avoidance levels than watchdog performance evaluations." (Abstract)
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"Redaktionen müssen angesichts einer zunehmend fragmentierten Publikumsbeziehung neue Wege finden, ihre Rezipierenden an sich zu binden. Eine in diesem Kontext oftmals diskutierte Strategie ist die des Audience- Engagements. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie untersucht dieser Beitrag Chancen und Herausfor
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derung der redaktionellen Umsetzung von Audience-Engagement anhand eines Projekts einer öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalt. In der qualitativen Analyse zeigen sich klare Chancen des Audience-Engagements: der Aufbau von Legitimität, Relevanzgewinn, Repräsentation, neue Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten sowie Vertrauensbildung und Beziehungspflege. Zugleich zeigen sich jedoch auch einige Herausforderungen, die es bei der Planung und Umsetzung derartiger Projekte zu berücksichtigen gilt: Der hohe Organisations- und Koordinationsaufwand, redaktionelle Selbstverpflichtung, Themen- und Formatauswahl, Erwartungsmanagement sowie ethische und datenschutzrechtliche Aspekte stellen sich als Erfolgsfaktoren für die Durchführung von Audience-Engagement-Projekten heraus. Daraus lassen sich diverse Implikationen für die Umsetzung von Audience-Engagement-Projekten ableiten – zentral wird insbesondere die Institutionalisierung sein. Die Ergebnisse bieten sowohl für die Forschung als auch für die journalistische Praxis vielfältige Anknüpfungspunkte." (Abstract)
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"This book explores how popular cultural artifacts, literary texts, commemorative practices and other forms of remembrances are used to convey, transmit and contest memories of mass atrocities in the Global South. Some of these historical atrocities took place during the Cold war. As such, this book
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unpacks the influence or role of the global powers in conflict in the Global South. Contributors are grappling with a number of issues such as the politics of memorialization, memory conflicts, exhumations, reburials, historical dialogue, peacebuilding and social healing, memory activism, visual representation, transgenerational transmission of memories, and identity politics." (Publisher description)
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"This paper analyzes the work experience of Israeli-Palestinian women journalists who reside and work in Israel for local news organizations or non-Israeli news agencies. It focuses on their experiences related to the intersected axes of their gender, ethnic, and national identities. Through themati
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c analysis of narrative interviews with 24 Palestinian women journalists, the study reveals that their work experiences vary between exclusion and inclusion among different news organizations. Israeli-Palestinian women journalists face barriers getting jobs at mainstream news agencies because of their accent; and when they apply to local Arab news organizations, they confront recruiting procedures based on a clan system that discriminates against women. However, a few of them report an advantage when trying to enter mainstream news organizations based on their image as an “authentic Arab woman.” Additionally, the study finds that the professional identity of all interviewees is closely connected to their ideological perceptions and political aims." (Abstract)
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"This article explores the patterns and consequences of transnational audiences’ engagement with global media in the digital age, focusing on experiences in Africa. It examines Nigerians’ interactions with the BBC World Service, and draws on active audience theory and Joseph Nye’s soft power c
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oncept to unpick their complex relationship. Using documentary analysis, focus groups and individual interviews, the study unpacks how Nigerians deploy digital devices to engage with the BBC – and how the broadcaster leverages this to extend its influence. The impacts of digital technologies on participatory programming and audience interactivity – and the theoretical implications – are also analysed." (Abstract)
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