"The idea of using mixed methods has a long tradition in social research. But it is also recognized that mixed methods are often poorly applied. In quantitative analysis, the qualitative component, if any, is often poorly designed, integrated or reported. These guidelines are to support the design,
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conduct and reporting of mixed-methods in quantitative impact evaluations. That is, impact studies using a large statistical design with a qualitative component. The guidelines are based largely on the CEDIL inception paper by Jimenez et al. (2018), ‘Mixing and matching: using qualitative methods to improve quantitative impact evaluations (IEs) and systematic reviews (SRs) of development outcomes’, supplemented by a review of other relevant guidelines e.g. the CONSORT extension for development effectiveness (Bose, 2010)." (Page 1)
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"Robert G. Picard describes the evolvement of UNESCO's media development indicators. The chapter describes a growing focus on economic, financial and managerial dimensions, since, it argues, they pave the fundament to any sustainable, commercial or non-commercial journalistic venture. What Picard cr
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itically argues is that there is no universal quick fix for sustainable journalism. Any normative effort to define and measure media development or sustainable journalism also needs to take into account the local contingencies, where sustainability may look quite different depending on its temporal, geographic, economic and cultural context." (Page xxxi)
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"This book presents a number of innovative ways of reporting, including different options for presentations, narrative summaries, presenting findings visually and making use of digital outputs. Kylie also discusses how to make sure your messages get through to your audience - including using a layer
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ing strategy to present your key messages in different levels of depth across multiple content types, and advice on making these message 'sticky'." (https://betterevaluation.org)
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"Developmental evaluation involves long-term relationships between evaluators and project or programme staff. Evaluation is ongoing, which means that feedback can be provided on a continuous basis. Development evaluation is particularly appropriate for projects or programmes working in complex or un
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certain environments. It is primarily designed to support learning and management decision-making." (Introduction)
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"Some programme indicators are designed to be collected at programme level. Others are designed to capture, summarise or aggregate information collected at project or partner level. It is important to clarify how information on indicators is transmitted between different levels of a programme." (Int
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roduction)
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"Indicators are commonly used in social development to provide evidence of change. They form an important part of most monitoring and evaluation systems and approaches. There are many different types of indicator, including quantitative and qualitative indicators. They can be developed in different
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ways, according to the context." (Introduction)
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"Monitoring is the systematic and continuous collection and analysis of information about the progress of a development intervention. Monitoring is done to ensure that all the people who need to know about an intervention are properly informed, and so that decisions can be taken in a timely manner.
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There are many different types of monitoring, including financial monitoring, process monitoring and impact monitoring." (Introduction)
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"A gender-responsive evaluation includes two main components. It assesses the degree to which gender and power relationships change as a result of an intervention. And it ensures that women’s voices are prominent throughout the evaluation. Gender-responsive evaluations can be used to evaluate any
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intervention, but should be always be used when there is a focus on women’s rights or empowerment." (Introduction)
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"A real-time evaluation (RTE) is designed to provide immediate (real time) feedback to those planning or implementing a project or programme, so that they can make improvements. This feedback is usually provided during the evaluation field work, rather than afterwards. RTEs are normally associated w
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ith emergency response or humanitarian interventions." (Introduction)
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"Utilisation-focused evaluations (UFEs) are based on the principle that an evaluation should be judged according to how useful it is. UFEs should be planned and implemented in a way that increases the likelihood of the findings being used. This normally means identifying the primary users of an eval
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uation and ensuring that they are engaged in decision-making throughout the process." (Introduction)
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"Outcome harvesting is a monitoring and evaluation methodology used to identify, describe, verify and analyse the changes brought about through a development intervention. It is designed to collect evidence of change, and then work backwards to assess contribution to that change. It was partly inspi
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red by Outcome Mapping, and the two are often seen as complementary methodologies." (Introduction)
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"Process tracing is a qualitative analysis methodology. The main purpose of process tracing is to establish whether, and how, a potential cause or causes influenced a specified change or set of changes. This is done by applying formal tests to examine the strength of evidence linking potential cause
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s to the changes. Process tracing also involves testing alternative ideas about how change might have come about." (Introduction)
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"Contribution analysis is a methodology used to identify the contribution a development intervention has made to a change or set of changes. The aim is to produce a credible, evidence-based narrative of contribution that a reasonable person would be likely to agree with, rather than to produce concl
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usive proof. Contribution analysis can be used during a development intervention, at the end, or afterwards." (Introduction)
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"In a Randomised Control Trial (RCT) different units are randomly assigned to separate groups. One group receives a development intervention and the other does not. Changes in the two groups over time are then compared to accurately measure the effect of the intervention. RCTs have been much debated
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over the past 10 years. Some see them as the ‘gold standard’ for impact assessment." (Introduction)
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"An impact grid is a tool that helps stakeholders involved in a development intervention to analyse multiple changes by mapping those changes onto a grid. A typical grid charts the extent of change alongside the degree of contribution of the intervention. Impact grids can be used for many different
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purposes. They are only normally used after enough time has elapsed for changes to emerge." (Introduction)
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"The Most Significant Change (MSC) technique is a form of participatory monitoring and evaluation. It involves the collection and selection of stories of change, produced by programme or project stakeholders. MSC can be used in projects and programmes where it is not possible to precisely predict de
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sired changes beforehand, and is therefore difficult to set pre-defined indicators of change." (Introduction)
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"There are many different types of evaluation. Each type has its own set of processes and/or principles. Many factors influence decisions over what type of evaluation to use. Evaluations can be categorised according to their purpose, who conducts them, when they are carried out, the broad approach u
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sed, and cross-cutting themes. Many CSO evaluations don’t use any particular methodology or approach." (Introduction)
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"In a tracer study, data is collected and analysed repeatedly over time. For monitoring and evaluation purposes, tracer studies are often designed to track changes at individual level, following a development intervention. However, they might also focus on other units of analysis such as communities
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, organisations or policies. Tracer studies are most useful when change is intended to be long-term and significant." (Introduction)
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