Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists.

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Uganda: Press Freedom Attacked by State Bodies

Eva Namusoke

Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, volume 107, issue 2 (2018), pp. 221-223

"On 16 October 2017, the editors of two popular Ugandan newspapers—the Daily Monitor and Red Pepper—were summoned to the Criminal Investigations Directorate in Kampala following the publication of stories revealing the allocation of a Ugandan Shillings 715 m (almost £150,000) budget for a plann ... more

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Murder in Mexico: Are journalists victims of general violence or targeted political violence?

Jos Midas Bartman

Democratization, volume 25, issue 7 (2018), pp. 1093-1113

"Journalists in Mexico face hundreds of attacks each year, ranging from online harassment and physical intimidation to outright murder. The official narrative typically claims that murdered journalists are the victims of general criminal violence. This article finds that despite the rampant violence ... more

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Women in Israeli Journalism Israel Affairs

Einat Lachover, Dafna Lemish

Israel Affairs, volume 4, issue 3 (2018), pp. 500-518

"This article presents findings from investigations of acclaimed gender employment changes in Israeli journalism, focusing on two main questions: Is the feminisation process of Israeli journalism continuing? Is it improving women’s employment and occupational status? Data were gathered from two in ... more

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Challenges in the Reporting of Environmental Issues in Latin America and the Caribbean

Bruno Takahashi, Juliet Pinto, Mercedes Vigón, Manuel Chavez

In: News Media Coverage of Environmental Challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean

Bruno Takahashi, Juliet Pinto, Manuel Chavez, Mercedes Vigón (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2018), pp. 1-15

"The introductory chapter of this volume situates the role of news media in Latin America within the context of the environmental, economic, and sociopolitical challenges that countries in the region face. The authors review the current practical challenges faced by the media and journalists in the ... more

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UNESCO's safety of journalists agenda: What impact?

Guy Berger

Australian Journalism Review, volume 40, issue 2 (2018), pp. 29-35

"Mention journalists' safety in a conversation, and the spontaneous mental image is often that of a war correspondent. However, in 2017 at least, 55 per cent of the killings of journalists registered by UNESCO were not in countries with significant armed conflict (UNESCO, 2018a). In addition, and as ... more

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Lobbying for life: Violence against the press and the public interest

Julieta Alejandra Brambila, Jairo Lugo-Ocando

In: Public Interest Communication

Jane Johnston, Magda Pieczka (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2018), 18 pp.

"This chapter investigates the relationship between civic networking coalitions and public interest communication, and an opportunity to explore how the coalitions produce 'public interest-forming practices'. It examines the ability of civic networking coalitions to act and, next, to investigate whi ... more

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‘Being the bridge’: News fixers’ perspectives on cultural difference in reporting the ‘war on terror’

Lindsay Palmer

Journalism, volume 19, issue 3 (2018), pp. 314-332

"This article examines some of the cultural differences between news ‘fixers’ and foreign reporters, focusing specifically on the expectations and experiences of the fixers, rather than the correspondents whose own perspectives have already been fruitfully explored. Drawing upon qualitative, sem ... more

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Symptoms of PTSD in Frontline Journalists: A Retrospective Examination of 18 Years of War and Conflict

Anthony Feinstein, Jonas Osmann, Viral Patel

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, volume 63, issue 9 (2018), pp. 629-635

"The objective of the current study was to determine the frequency and severity of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in journalists covering conflict. Methods: PTSD data (Impact of Event Scale-Revised) collected over an 18-year period from 684 conflict journalists were analyzed retros ... more

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Violence Against Women Journalists—Online and Offline

Hannah Storm, Julie Posetti

In: Setting the Gender Agenda for Communication Policy: New Proposals from the Global Alliance on Media and Gender

Aimée Vega Montiel, Sarah Macharia (eds.)

Paris: UNESCO; Global Alliance on Media and Gender (2018), pp. 75-92

"It is crucial that any initiatives focussing on the safety of women journalists exist within the broader framework of conversations aimed at meeting the specific targets of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 5 to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls, and recognize that much ... more

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Journalistic practices on the professional safety among journalists in Oyo State

E. Hajara, U Sanda, A Msughter

International Journal of Research and Scholarly Communication, volume 1, issue 4 (2018), pp. 43-59

"Journalists' safety as well as media workers has become a subject of discussion on press freedom and the working condition of reporters following dangerous development on the media scene which has become a preoccupation with journalism professional bodies. As such, in order to achieve the objective ... more

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TrollBusters: Fighting Online Harassment of Women Journalists

Michelle Ferrier, Nisha Garud-Patkar

In: Mediating Misogyny: Gender, Technology, and Harassment

Jacqueline Ryan Vickery, Tracy Everbach (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2018), pp. 311-332

"For women journalists, online harassment may result in emotional stress and may require legal and technological remedies to mitigate the damage caused to their identity and reputation. Perpetrators can use a combination of online and offline attacks that threaten the employment and safety of journa ... more

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How Journalism Responds to Right-wing Populist Criticism

Benjamin Krämer

In: Trust in Media and Journalism: Empirical Perspectives on Ethics, Norms, Impacts and Populism in Europe

Kim Otto, Andreas Köhler (eds.)

Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2018), pp. 137-154

"Right-wing populists often criticise the established media for being untruthful or censoring what critics consider to be important information—for instance, the ethnic background of perpetrators—and for being biased against right-wing populist actors. That hostility towards journalism can be un ... more

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Journalist safety trainings: Effective for all?

Autumn Slaughter, Elana Newman, Bradley Brummel, Susan Drevo

Australian Journalism Review, volume 40, issue 2 (2018), pp. 53-65

"Safety trainings (STs), also known as hazardous or hostile environment trainings, are evolving as a worldwide industry practice designed to keep journalists safe. However, little is known about the effectiveness of STs, particularly how men and women journalists respond to them. In order to better ... more

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Challenges to Media Freedom: A view from Europe

Eugenia Siapera, Chiara Sighele

Infoamérica: Iberoamerican Communication Review, volume 11 (2018), pp. 129-146

"The ability of the media and especially journalism to operate freely is crucial in order on the one hand to hold governments and other institutions accountable for their actions and on the other to allow citizens to make informed decisions. To discuss the current state of affairs for media and jour ... more

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Status of Training and Research in Reporting Conflict, Peace Journalism and Safety Education in English Speaking West Africa: The Cases of Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone

Umaru A. Pate, Lai Oso, Abubakar Jibril

Journalism Education, volume 6, issue 2 (2018), pp. 28-36

"This paper examines the teaching of conflict-sensitive reporting, safety education and peace journalism in the curricula of institutions offering mass communication/journalism programmes in three English speaking countries of West Africa: Nigeria, Ghana and Sierra Leone. It assesses the status of r ... more

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Becoming the Story: War Correspondents since 9/11

Lindsay Palmer

University of Illinois Press (2018), x, 202 pp.

"Becoming the Story examines the transformation of war reporting in the decade after 9/11. Lindsay Palmer delves into times when print or television correspondents themselves received intense public scrutiny because of an incident associated with the work of war reporting. Such instances include Dan ... more

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Why Populism is Troubling for Democratic Communication

Silvio Waisbord

Communication, Culture & Critique, volume 11, issue 1 (2018), pp. 21-34

"In this article, I argue that populism has a troubling relationship with democratic communication. As illustrated by contemporary Latin American cases, populism’s illiberalism is contrary to the existence of the communication commons—a public space characterized by diversity, tolerance, reason, ... more

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Safety and Security of Journalists: Yet Awaiting Intervention from Indian Academy and Industry

C. S. H. N. Murthy

Asia Pacific Media Educator, volume 28, issue 1 (2018), pp. 131-149

"The article is an overview of the growing concerns about escalating violence against journalists in India and a matching lack of interest in Indian academy to understand the various implications of such violence both pedagogically and sociologically. The fact that about six journalists were killed ... more

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Lingering doubts three years on: Safety dilemmas with the Al Jazeera case in Egypt

Andrea Baker

Australian Journalism Review, volume 40, issue 2 (2018), pp. 15-27

"The imprisonment of Al Jazeera English (AJE) journalists (Peter Greste, Mohamed Fahmy and Baher Mohamed) in Egypt between 2013 and 2015 highlighted the safety of journalists in conflict zones. Building on other studies (Baker, 2014; 2016), this is the third paper in a longitudinal study analysing t ... more

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Tackling gendered violence online: Evaluating digital safety strategies for women journalists

Fiona Martin

Australian Journalism Review, volume 40, issue 2 (2018), pp. 73-89

"While many reporters regularly experience online violence, women journalists are more likely than their male counterparts to be targeted for abusive comments and image focused, violently sexualised aggression. With such gendered violence having serious implications for media freedom, diversity and ... more