"Bringing theory and practice together, 'African Cinema and Human Rights' argues that moving images have a significant role to play in advancing the causes of justice and fairness. The contributors to this volume identify three key ways in which film can achieve these goals: documenting human rights
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abuses and thereby supporting the claims of victims and goals of truth and reconciliation within larger communities; legitimating, and consequently solidifying, an expanded scope for human rights; and promoting the realization of social and economic rights. Including the voices of African scholars, scholar-filmmakers, African directors Jean-Marie Teno and Gaston Kaboré, and researchers whose work focuses on transnational cinema, this volume explores overall perspectives, and differences of perspective, pertaining to Africa, human rights, and human rights filmmaking alongside specific case studies of individual films and areas of human rights violations." (Publisher description)
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"This book rethinks the history of decolonisation and new nationhood in the Ghana-Togo borderlands, and speaks to an increasingly urgent debate on the production of knowledge about Africa. It does this through the close reading, translation and analysis of a unique primary source - a newspaper entit
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led Ablode (meaning 'the Key to Freedom'). Ablode was initiated and sustained by a shoemaker named Holiday V. K. Komedja, and written almost entirely in his mother-tongue, Eve. Whilst many studies of nationalism have highlighted the importance of anti-colonial newspapers, this volume is unique - in its intensive focus on a single African-language newspaper, in providing translations of entire issues, and in following the story of decolonisation into the era of new nationhood. The manner in which Komedja recounted and explained political events challenges existing scholarly accounts of the rise and fall of Togo's first independent government, and of ethnic nationalisms and local loyalties within new nation-states. In re-reading the history of the Ghana-Togo borderlands through the pages of Ablode, this volume demonstrates that intensive inter-disciplinary engagement with specific African-language texts is indispensable to the meaningful study of Africa and Africans in global history." (Publisher description)
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"A brief recap of the examples discussed here suggests, among other things, the following considerations: When information circulation is limited due to censorship or security concerns, it may be necessary to restrict information to what is essential for survival. In the case of BBTT in South Sudan,
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humanitarian information is produced and transmitted by residents of the UN protected sites, in local languages and for local residents only; Likewise, in post-genocide Rwanda, where broadcasting news about atrocities would have been very challenging, the newsreel project provided information and space for discussion for different groups, while creating a conversation that extended beyond each screening and location; BBTT and the newsreels project also demonstrate that closed environments may be the best option to provide information safely and allow for open discussions among individuals affected by violence. By employing the use of listening and discussion groups, the program furthers its goal of engaging residents and extending their participation in the local form of public sphere. These controlled environments are particularly important to encourage the participation of victims, women and other marginalized groups in dialogue; Training and engaging citizens to gather, curate and disseminate content, as BBTT does with community correspondents, is an effective way to provide information that matters to people's lives and to foster a culture of critical engagement. These processes potentially help communities rebuild media structures once the political situation stabilizes; Media outlets that create avenues for interaction and feedback tend to be most successful in providing content that is relevant and engaging to audiences, as in the case of Sawa Shabab in South Sudan; Drama, games, storytelling and other forms of engagement with narratives provide opportunities for individuals to work together, regain social trust, learn about alternate forms of participation and reconstruct symbolic narratives, as demonstrated by the examples in Colombia; Recognition of the suffering of the victims as well as of their agency in resisting violence is also crucial in a post-atrocities context. This may come in the form of interactive media-making by citizens or in initiatives supported by media or research organizations such as the National Center for Historical Memory." (Pages 226-227)
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"Cette étude porte, à partir du cas camerounais, sur un nouveau phénomène social de migration statutaire, apparu en Afrique, dans le cadre de la mondialisation que nous appelons la cybermigration maritale. Cette modalité contemporaine de mobilité met en relation des personnes exclues ou auto e
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xclues du marché matrimonial « normal » de leur pays. Au Cameroun, elle concerne principalement des jeunes femmes en quête de statut social. Ces dernières s’auto excluent du marché matrimonial national, en dévalorisant les époux camerounais potentiels, et jettent leur dévolu sur le « Blanc ». Ce dernier est perçu comme un Occidental, figure du mari idéal, qui confère un meilleur statut et permet à la jeune femme de venir en aide aux proches restés au pays. En France, par contre, la cybermigration implique des personnes du troisième âge, exclues du marché matrimonial normal, qui cherchent en Afrique une épouse. Toutefois, la relation au « Blanc » est ambiguë car la quête cache parfois d’autres ambitions et peut aboutir à des mauvaises surprises. Etant donnée la complexité du phénomène, ce travail se concentre principalement sur la situation des jeunes camerounaises. L’expression, «chercher son blanc » pour ces jeunes femmes camerounaises, justifie cette cybermigration maritale. Un enjeu essentiel de cette étude est de sortir des sentiers battus qui ne perçoivent les migrations féminines que sous le prisme de la pauvreté et de la misère. L’utilisation des TIC par les Camerounaises s’inscrit dans le contexte de la modernité. En Afrique Centrale, le Cameroun est l’un des pays où la cybermigration maritale apparaît comme un phénomène de société. Dans ce pays d’Afrique Centrale, la cybermigration maritale apparaît comme une nouvelle mobilité de jeunes femmes camerounaises en quête de statut social et qui utilisent Internet dans l’optique de tisser des liens, se marier et pouvoir émigrer sans trop de difficultés. C’est dans cette perspective que nous voulons analyser ce phénomène et ses implications au Cameroun où ces femmes ont inventé l’expression « chercher son blanc »." (Résumé)
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"This chapter presents the findings of a research project undertaken with the objective of understanding the radio-listening habits of Rwandan rebels in the Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (RDC). The intent was also to understand the impact and appreciation of an educational soap op
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era called 'Musekeweya', which dramatizes messages on conflict prevention and reconciliation. This radio theatre play is broadcast by Radio Rwanda, the Rwandan state broadcaster. In total, 101 ex-rebels of the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) were consulted during several weeks of fieldwork in 2009." The conclusion (page 607) states: "Although there is no clear evidence that radio or a radio soap such as 'Musekeweya' played a decisive role in the final decision of ex-rebels to return home, it is clear that the radio soap has been somehow at work in a dynamic of competing ideologies and mindsets. Scott Straus is convinced that, in the context of mass violence, ideology and ideas shape decision making in "subtle but profound ways." Ideology played a decisive role in the dynamics that led to genocide against Tutsi and remains important in understanding the post-genocide situation … Since the end of the genocide, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) is promoting a radically different interpretation of Rwandan history and aims to reconfigure the political and societal narrative. Central is the notion of "Rwandanicity," or "Rwandanness," which asserts that before the arrival of colonialism, Rwandans were one unified people. According to this narrative, the colonial powers divided what had been a harmonious and egalitarian society. This ultimately culminated in the 1994 mass slaughter of Tutsi. This narrative praises the activities of the RPF, stopping the genocide in 1994 and divisionism altogether, and warns for the persistence of this "genocide ideology." But there is a thin line between re-education and political indoctrination, also on this side of the Rwandan border. The attempt to change mindsets can be seen as a strategy to achieve hegemonic control." (Introduction, page 597)
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"This book investigates ways in which global media coverage of conflicts affects the worldviews of the social and cultural values of nationals from the war regions. It identifies the cultural patterns in remote communities that have been 'diluted' by IT and the extent to which the changes impacted t
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he values of the indigenes. It also describes the role that IT especially social media and broadcast media play in the understanding of war among residents in highly wired and remote communities, respectively." (Publisher description)
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"In den 1980er Jahren verstärkte sich das Unbehagen an der Gedenkkultur mit ihren Heldenerzählungen und nationalen Beschränkungen. Mit der größeren Komplexität des Gedenkens und der Hinwendung zu den sozialen Kosten historischer Ereignisse prägte sich eine neue Erinnerungskultur aus. Diese is
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t kein abgeschlossenes Modell. In diesem Prozess wandeln sich die Wahrnehmung der Vergangenheit sowie die zukunftsgerichteten Zwecke des Gedenkens." (Seite 17)
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"The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has conducted a scientifically rigorous impact evaluation to assess the impact of the Migrants as Messengers (MaM) campaign in Dakar, Senegal. MaM was a peer-to-peer awareness-raising campaign made by migrants for migrants and implemented in Senega
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l, Guinea and Nigeria from December 2017 to March 2019. The impact evaluation in Senegal focused on a key pillar of the MaM campaign, namely town hall events, which screened video testimonies of migrant returnees followed by interactive question and answer sessions with migrant returnees .. The impact evaluation provides evidence that peer-to-peer communication has measurable effects on potential migrants’ perception and intention, which are key prerequisites for safe migration decisions. This report focuses on the main impacts of the MaM events. Future analyses will further explore the rich datasets collected in this study." (Executive summary, page 1-2)
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"This handbook attempts to fill the gap in empirical scholarship of media and communication research in Africa, from an Africanist perspective. The collection draws on expert knowledge of key media and communication scholars in Africa and the diaspora, offering a counter-narrative to existing Wester
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n and Eurocentric discourses of knowledge-production. As the decolonial turn takes centre stage across Africa, this collection further rethinks media and communication research in a post-colonial setting and provides empirical evidence as to why some of the methods conceptualised in Europe will not work in Africa. The result is a thorough appraisal of the current threats, challenges and opportunities facing the discipline on the continent." (Publisher description)
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"La méticulosité et la pugnacité de l'auteur l'ont poussé à croiser les références documentaires. Mais ce n'est pas seulement un récit de l'aventure médiatique de deux magazines et de deux missions protestantes européennes dans le Congo de la fi n du XIXe siècle. On ne peut qu'admirer la
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puissance de distanciation du chercheur : Jean-Chrétien Ekambo ne relativise rien, ni l'exploitation éhontée et brutale ; il ne légitime rien, ni la violence symbolique et physique ; il n'atténue rien, ni les responsabilités directes des acteurs ; il n'élude rien, ni la dimension marchande des expéditions coloniales. L'auteur travaille à l'écart du romantisme et de l'antiracisme." (Description de la maison d'édition)
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"This article examines representation of the conflict in Darfur by the media in Kenya, South Africa, Egypt and Rwanda. It analyses 850 newspaper articles published from 2003 to 2008 and journalist interviews from Kenya and South Africa. Using Mbembe’s articulation of ‘meaningful acts’ and Bour
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dieu’s field theory, the article highlights how the intersection of geopolitics, symbolic affirmation of unity and ‘Africanness’ and a ritualistic use of official sources led African media fields to mimic the global north in how they have framed the Darfur conflict. The most striking finding from the analysis of how these four countries reported the violence in Darfur is the salience of the ethnic conflict frame. However, the ethnic conflict frame was used in African media differently than in Western media, which often assumed a path-determined relationship between conflict and tribal identities. In contrast, African journalists used the ethnic frame to domesticate the news and as a part of specific political project to demarcate which actors should be understood as Other and with which actors audiences share an affinity." (Abstract)
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"The media's coverage of religion is an important question, given the central role which news media play in ensuring that people are up-to-date with religion news developments. The book examines it in different countries. After an introductory section looking at trends in religion news in print, on-
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line journalism, and as a subject of foreign news, the book surveys religion reporting in five key countries: USA, Russia, India, China, & Nigeria. The book then looks at media events through the cases of the election of Pope Francis, and the death of rabbis. The book addresses the question of the influence of religion reporting in politics; the impact of religion reporting upon religious identity; and the role of social media - through looking at case studies in France, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and Israel." (Publisher description)
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"Information Technology (IT) has changed the modern workplace because of its development of new knowledge and skills. E-learning is the wholesome incorporation of information and communication technology (ICT) resources, particularly the Internet, into the process of teaching and learning. Although
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this is relatively new in Nigeria, some institutions are already using it to promote distance education (DE) and lifelong learning. Thus, this study appraises the extent of the use of modern ICT in e-learning in select secondary schools in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. It employed descriptive survey with a tested questionnaire and interview guide as major instruments for data gathering. The findings confirmed that schools in Port Harcourt are just beginning to adopt ICTs as an e-learning method. It also found that the available ICT tools are not in use because the teachers are not skilled in computer application. It is therefore recommended that the government and school authorities should make provision for adequate e-learning facilities in schools and that both teachers and students should be encouraged to make use of the materials to enhance their academic performance and learning experience generally." (Abstract)
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"What are the stakes of cultural production in a time of war? How is artistic expression prone to manipulation by the state and international humanitarian organizations? In the charged political terrain of post-genocide Rwanda, post-civil war Uganda, and recent violence in the Democratic Republic of
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Congo, Laura Edmondson explores performance through the lens of empire. Instead of celebrating theatre productions as expression of cultural agency and resilience, Edmondson traces their humanitarian imperatives to a place where global narratives of violence take precedence over local traditions and audiences. Working at the intersection of performance and trauma, Edmondson reveals how artists and cultural workers manipulate narratives in the shadow of empire and how empire, in turn, infiltrates creative capacities." (Publisher description)
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"Much migration within Niger and across its borders is driven by poverty and the hope for a better life, but these movements are also risky and open new vulnerabilities. Migrants from Niger or other African countries constantly face difficulties and are often among the poorest and most disadvantaged
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and excluded people. Their vulnerabilities are in part due to their lack of quality information. This study analyses whether people on the move in the northern Nigerien region of Agadez, more specifically in the city of Agadez, have accurate information at their disposal. It maps information needs and habits of migrant and displaced communities in Agadez to better understand how these individuals and communities receive information, which sources they trust, and what kind of communication channels or platforms they use. Gaining accurate information in this largely informal and insecure environment is one of the key issues for people on the move in Agadez. Both Nigerien and international migrants who participated in this study appeared to be in critical need of alternative sources of information to make proper decisions." (Executive summary, page 4)
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"The volume digs beneath the standardised and universalised veneer of professionalism to unpack routine practices and normative trends shaped by local factors, including the structural conditions of deprivation, entrenched political instability (and interference), pervasive neo-patrimonial governanc
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e systems, and the influences of technological developments. These varied and complex circumstances are shown to profoundly shape the foundations of journalism in Africa, resulting in routine practices that are both normatively distinct and equally in tune with (imported) Western journalistic cultures. The book thus broadly points to the dialectical nature of news production and the inconsistent and contradictory relationships that characterise news production cultures in Africa." (Publisher description)
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