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Social Media and the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Dilemma of Fake News Clutter Vs. Social Responsibility

Moez Ben Messaoud

Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, volume 14, issue 1 (2021), pp. 25-45

"This article examines the relationship between fake news and social media as increasingly important sources of news, at a time when mainstream media no longer have exclusive control over news production and dissemination. It has been evident that few media outlets and professionals tend to draw con ... flicting news about COVID-19 from social media feeds, which are largely produced by common citizens with mostly no journalism training. This pervasive use makes social media key sources to scores of media outlets for news, whether it is related to COVID-19 or public affairs issues, even though it is susceptible to torrents of credibility and accuracy issues. As a result, of the overwhelming spread of fake news on coronavirus, which is contributing to framing events from several angles, media professionals are now obliged to track and vet information circulating on social media. Due to the scale of disinformation spreading on the Web, it has become imperative that the credibility and accuracy of news is thoroughly verified. Media organizations have already been putting in place various mechanisms to monitor false news. This article will attempt to identify and assess these monitoring efforts in the Arab world. For this purpose, I have put together a list of Arab observatories launched on the internet in order to monitor fake news circulating in relation to COVID-19, and to discuss their methods of monitoring work, in the context of mobilization carried out by governments and many organizations such as the World Health Organization. This article is pinned down on social responsibility approach which helps pave the way the differentpropositions to combat fake news and avoid abuses in social media uses. This article proposes an evaluation of the monitoring initiative viaa- vis fake news and proposes a set of guidelines for improving the work of such monitoring bodies. Hence, this research reveals that social media outlets have diversified their goals to match the power of the conventional media in disseminating information and bringing up issues for debate. However, in the light of the framework of social responsibility, social media actors have to constantly develop a set of ethical practices to be observed by users, establish codes of conduct regulating content production, and lay down a code of integrity to assure accuracy in news and information transmission." (Abstract). more

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Nouvelles voix, Aswat jadida: Dix ans d’évolutions dans les médias arabes

Aswat Jadida

Issy-les-Moulineaux: CFI (2021), 66 pp.

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Media Development in Practice: Innovation for Dialogue. New Approaches and Innovative Solutions to Improve Public Dialogue in the Digital Era

Liudmila Corlateanu, Julius Endert, Magnus Kossmann, Attila Mong et al.

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 26 pp.

"In Moldova, a series of hackathons led to the development of tech-based solutions to misinformation. In Ecuador, indigenous groups wrote their own stories on Wikipedia to strengthen their culture's representation and publicly correct misinformation. In Uganda, citizen journalists established a netw ... more

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Media and Freedom of Expression

International Reports , volume 37, issue 3 (2021), pp. 2-99

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Global Journalism: Understanding World Media Systems

Daniela V. Dimitrova (ed.)

Lanham et al.: Rowman & Littlefield (2021), xv, 239 pp.

"[This book] provides an overview of the key issues in global journalism today and traces how media systems have evolved over time in different world regions. Taking into account local context as well as technological change across media industries, the book offers an up-to-date, thorough overview o ... more

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Media, Migration and Displacement in the Middle East and North Africa: An Explorative Study

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 21 pp.

"DW Akademie commissioned field studies in the following six Middle Eastern and Northern African countries in 2019/20: Lebanon, Jordan, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. The initiative to carry out these studies stems from DW Akademie’s long-standing experience in the MENA region and the identi ... more

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Médias, migration et exil au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord : Une étude exploratoire

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 33 pp.

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Media Accountability in the MENA Region: Pilot Study

Susanne Fengler, Isabella Kurkowski, Monika Lengauer (eds.)

Dortmund: Erich-Brost-Institut (2021), 173 pp.

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Catalyst or Destabiliser? COVID-19 and its Impact on the Media Landscape Worldwide

Berlin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2021), 159 pp.

"In terms of quality of media coverage, there are various outcomes: In Asia, for example, small and independent outlets, able to provide reliable information, gained momentum, whereas citizens in the MENA-region turned to social media in search of trustworthy facts on the coronavirus. In South-Easte ... more

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Media and Mapping Practices in the Middle East and North Africa: Producing Space

Alena Strohmaier, Angela Krewani (eds.)

Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press (2021), 323 pp.

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Hungry for Content: How the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed Media Usage in the Middle East and North Africa

Ilhem Allagui

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2021), 5 pp.

"The pandemic marks a new technological milestone in audiences’ media usage and habits, one that has thus far been both positive – through the interconnectedness and agency – and negative – because of a lack of access for some – for cultural diversity and intercultural relations. The adopt ... more

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How the Middle East Used Social Media in 2020

Damian Radcliffe, Hadil Abuhmaid

New Media Academy (2021), 64 pp.

"1. Social Media Users in MEA (Middle East and Africa) spend the most time on social networks, averaging over 3.5 hours per day. Internet users in the MEA have an average of 8.4 social media accounts, research reveals. UAE, with an average of 10.5 accounts, has “the highest number of social media ... more

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New Voices: Aswat Jadida. Ten Years of Development in Arabic Media

Issy-les-Moulineaux: CFI (2021), 65 pp.

"This work highlights ten years of support for media development in the Arab world, telling the story through photos, eye-witness accounts, journalist profiles and personal experiences. Ten years spent alongside men and women playing an active role in civil society, committed to citizen-centred, div ... more

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Cultural Production and Social Movements After the Arab Spring: Nationalism, Politics, and Transnational Identity

Ayman A. El- Desouky, Eid Mohamed (eds.)

London: Tauris (2021), xii, 250 pp.

"This book provides an original contribution to current social and cultural theory on Arab social movements by giving a fuller historical and critical treatment of contemporary artistic and cultural production from the region and beyond. Thematically structured and covering culture, media, politics, ... more

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The Routledge Handbook of Gender and Communication

Marnel Niles Goins, Bryant Keith Alexander, Joan Faber McAlister (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2021), xxvi, 686 pp.

"Comprising 39 chapters by a team of international contributors, the Handbook is divided into six general themes: Gendered identities; Visualizing gender; The politics of gender; Gendered contexts and strategies; Gendered violence and communication; Gendered advocacy in action These sections examine ... more

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Routledge Handbook of Environmental Journalism

David B. Sachsman, JoAnn Myer Valenti (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), xx, 421 pp.

"An increasing number of media platforms - from newspapers and television to Internet social media networks - are the major providers of indispensable information about the natural world and environmental risk. Despite the dramatic changes in the news industry that have tended to reduce the number o ... more

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Public Media Accountability: Media Journalism, Engaged Publics and Critical Media Literacy in the MENA

Abeer Al-Najjar

London: LSE Middle East Centre (2020), 22 pp.

"This study examines the ways in which Arab citizens, as media users, could be enabled to influence news media conduct and thus enhance media practicioners’ commitment toward ethical journalistic practices and standards, particularly accuracy, balance and fairness. It aims to explore the possibili ... more

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Women's Activism and New Media in the Arab World

Ahmed Khalid Al-Rawi

Albany: State University of New York Press (2020), xiv, 152 pp.

"Following the Arab Spring events in 2011, a number of important women's social movements as well as female figures and online communities emerged to create positive change and demand equality with men. In Women's Activism and New Media in the Arab World author Ahmed Al-Rawi discusses and maps out n ... more

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Muslim Online Prayer in a Sociocultural Context

Wael Hegazy

CyberOrient, volume 14, issue 2 (2020), pp. 64-84

"The article argues that the debate over the online prayer is not just an ordinary fatwa issued by religious scholars for the Muslim Ummah, but it rather goes through a complicated process of social, identarian, cultural, authoritative, and transnational caveats. The physicality entailed by this deb ... more

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Documenting Trauma in Comics: Traumatic Pasts, Embodied Histories, and Graphic Reportage

Dominic Davies, Candida Rifkind (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2020), xxi, 345 pp.

"Why are so many contemporary comics and graphic narratives written as memoirs or documentaries of traumatic events? Is there a specific relationship between the comics form and the documentation and reportage of trauma? How do the interpretive demands made on comics readers shape their relationship ... more