"Memory and Erasure brings together young and established Zimbabwean scholars and activists who explore with fresh eyes the failure to overcome the terrible legacies of this period. At its heart is recognition that justice cannot be achieved while Gukurahundi’s perpetrators remain in power and still seek to control the memory of that period. The chapters explore the failures of peacebuilding, finding only a negative peace, the weighty obstacle to reform of the ‘securocratic state’, and the weaknesses of transitional justice efforts and institutions, from the late 1980s to the present. They focus on ‘linguistic genocide’, noting not only the use of linguistic difference to violently divide and target during Gukurahundi, but the use of Gukurahundi as metaphor for a structural violence that has carried on in the daily life of Ndebele speakers into the present. A highly original chapter focuses on the layered and gendered silences, powerfully rooted in shame and humiliation, that continue to shroud victims of sexual violence. The book ends with an important chapter on popular efforts at making counter-memory, through public lectures, the subversion of official celebrations, the reclaiming of statues, and above all an ongoing battle over the memorialisation of Bhalagwe camp, where thousands of people were detained, tortured and killed by state agents. This is a lonely, dangerous struggle, but it also underlines the ultimate failure of the party-state’s ‘anti-memory’. This book engages with wide-ranging theoretical work on transitional justice and memory, and makes revealing comparisons with cases from the former Yugoslavia to Namibia and South Africa." (Publisher)
Contents
Foreword / Shari Eppel, xvii
Introduction. Fighting for the right to remember: the plight of Zimbabwe's Gukurahundi victims / Mandlenkosi Mpofu and Percy F. Makombe, xvii
1 Criminalising the subaltern: Gukurahundi, reconciliation and transitional justice in Zimbabwe / Mandlenkosi Mpofu and Percy F. Makombe, 1
2 'Bandwagoning or inteded action?' Examining Zimbabwe's legal framework on peacebuilding / Cynthia Chigwenya, 16
3 The Gukurahundi transitional justice deadlock in Zimbabwe / Pedzisai Ruhaya and Bekezela Gumbo, 37
4 Sexual violence. Gukurahundi's public secret / Sibonginkosi Moyo-Mpofu, 49
5 Dismembering memory of a genocide: contestations over Bhalagwe mass graves memorial site / Mbuso Fuzwayo, Samukele Hadebe and Dion Nkomo, 63
6 The linguistic dimensions of Gukurahundi in Zimbabwe / Busani Maseko and Dion Nkomo, 81
7 Public media and genocide: the role of 'The Chronicle' during the Gukurahundi genocide in Zimbabwe / Bhekinkosi J. Ncube, 96
8 Unforgettable memories: a survivor's story / Jameson Moyo, 110