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Journalists in Botswana

Jyotika Ramaprasad

Worlds of Journalism Study (2016), 6 pp.

"The top six roles, all with means above 4.5 and standard deviations below 1, for Botswana journalists, were a mix of those aligned with a liberal press (e.g., report things as they are) and those relevant to development journalism (e.g., support national development). “Report things as they are� ... more

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Journalists in Ecuador

Martín Oller

Worlds of Journalism Study (2016), 7 pp.

"With regard to professional role orientations, Ecuadorian journalists found it most important to provide analysis of current affairs, to report things as they are, to let people express their views, to educate the audience, to promote tolerance and cultural diversity, and to support national develo ... more

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The State of News Photography: A Survey of Photojournalists’ Attitudes Toward Work Practices, Technology and Life in the Digital Age

Adrian Hadland, Paul Lambert, Camilla Barnett

University of Stirling; World Press Photo Foundation (2016), 27 pp.

"There has been a significant change in the employment arrangement of photographers from 2015 to 2016. The number of photojournalists working for themselves (self-employed) has declined from 60% in 2015 to 54% of respondents in 2016. Fewer respondents are working full-time as photographers, down mar ... more

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Journalists in Ethiopia

Terje Skjerdal

Worlds of Journalism Study (2016), 6 pp.

"With regards to professional role orientations, Ethiopian journalists found it most important to support national development, promote tolerance and cultural diversity, provide analysis of current affairs, and educate the audience. The relevance of these roles was fairly undisputed among the interv ... more

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Journalists in Croatia

Zrinjka Peruško, Antonija Cuvalo, Dina Vozab

Worlds of Journalism Study (2016), 5 pp.

"Journalists in Croatia primarily see their roles in the classical (western) "watchdog" function of providing analysis of current affairs, monitoring and scrutinizing political leaders, and business. These values are followed by public-forum roles of the media through letting people express their vi ... more

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Journalists in Bhutan

Beate Josephi

Worlds of Journalism Study (2016), 6 pp.

"Bhutanese journalists view their professional roles in very similar ways to Western journalists. The reason for this can partly be found in Bhutan’s effort to orientate its media on the media of Western democracies and therefore emphasize the “detached watchdog” role. “Report things as they ... more

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Journalists in Estonia

Haliki Harro-Loit, Epp Lauk

Worlds of Journalism Study (2016), 7 pp.

"Four “classic” roles: to report things as they are, to be a detached observer, to educate the audience and provide news that attracts the largest audience are fairly unanimously seen as the most important among Estonian journalists, as the relatively low standard deviations suggest. Especially ... more

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Requirements for Modern Journalism Education: The Perspectives of Students in South East Europe
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Viktorija Car, Miroljub Radojkovic, Manuela Zlateva (eds.)

Berlin; Sofia: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2016), 207 pp.

"The KAS Task Force on Journalism Education in South East Europe has conducted a survey among journalism undergraduates and graduates in five countries – a first-time initiative in the region. Their response can be seen as a testimonial of a media sector in turmoil. In the Western Balkans and othe ... more

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2016 Global NGO Online Technology Report

Nonprofit Tech for Good; Public Interest Registry (2016), 12 pp.

"[This] report is an inaugural effort to gain a better understanding of how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) worldwide use online technology to communicate with their supporters and donors. Over the last two decades the NGO sector has embraced Internet technology, but at varying speeds based up ... more

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Country Report: “Media and Gender in Vanuatu”

International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) Asia-Pacific (2015), 29 pp.

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Country Report: “Media and Gender in India”

International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) Asia-Pacific (2015), 35 pp.

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Making Secondary Trauma a Primary Issue: A Study of Eyewitness Media and Vicarious Trauma on the Digital Frontline

Sam Dubberley, Elizabeth Griffin, Haluk Mert Bal

Istanbul: Eyewitness Media Hub (2015), 69 pp.

"The rapid and incredible growth of eyewitness media (also known as user-generated content or UGC) has led to the emergence of a new cadre of journalists, humanitarian and human rights professionals whose job it is to seek out, verify and edit the most disturbing and traumatic raw images captured by ... non professionals and posted online. These professionals are tasked with viewing and sifting through massive volumes of eyewitness media - that is, raw, unedited, authentic footage now captured regularly on smartphones - to enhance their investigations, reporting, operations, prosecutions and advocacy. Professionals who work with eyewitness media watch disturbing footage from war zones, natural and manmade disasters and accidents over and over again to verify its veracity and to edit out images that are deemed too extreme for viewing by the general public. Viewing traumatic images of death, destruction, blood and unimaginable horrors all day every day - often for years on end - is now an integral part of the daily work of many desk-bound staff working for news, human rights and humanitarian organisations who are often located thousands of miles away from where the actual horrors occur. Whether it is a broadcaster, publisher, human rights or humanitarian professional, symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are now evident amongst staff working in offices on what we call the digital frontline. This study builds upon previous research that proved that viewing distressing eyewitness media can lead psychological injury, including, but not restricted to, such conditions as PTSD and major depression. The principle aim of this research is to explore the following questions: How much distressing eyewitness media are professionals, who work in the three professional sectors, watching? How frequently, and in what volumes are professionals viewing distressing eyewitness media? What kinds of eyewitness media do professionals find particularly distressing?" What coping mechanisms, if any, have been developed by staff to help mitigate the potentially negative effects of viewing distressing content? - What support, if any, do professionals receive from their organisations and senior managers? - Does organisational culture encourage or prevent professionals from requesting support from their organisation’s hierarchy? What training and preparation is provided to raise awareness of or mitigate the adverse impact of trauma exposure on university graduates, newcomers and those established in post? What resources do organisations provide to prevent, mitigate and treat the adverse impact of trauma exposure? Which of those resources have been used? Which are found to be the most useful? What do staff who experience vicarious trauma need and expect from their organisations in order to support them? Based on an online survey (to which we received 209 responses from people working with eyewitness media across all three professional sectors) and 38 in-depth, anonymous interviews we find that: the impact of eyewitness media on journalism, human rights and humanitarian work means that the frontline is no longer geographic. A new type of frontline has emerged that is digital. Staff at an organisation’s headquarters who work with eyewitness media do so daily and often see more horror on a daily basis compared to their counterparts deployed in the field. Consequently, organisations have a duty of care towards office based staff working on the digital frontline who are at serious risk of vicarious trauma and PTSD [...] " (Executive summary, page 3-5) more

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Global Support for Principle of Free Expression, But Opposition to Some Forms of Speech

Richard Wike, Katie Simmons

Pew Research Center (2015), 58 pp.

"Although many observers have documented a global decline in democratic rights in recent years, people around the world nonetheless embrace fundamental democratic values, including free expression. A new Pew Research Center survey finds that majorities in nearly all 38 nations polled say it is at le ... more

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Civil War in Syria: The psychological effects on journalists

Anthony Feinstein, Stephen Starr

Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, volume 7, issue 1 (2015), pp. 57-64

"Purpose: More journalists died in Syria during 2013 than in any other country experiencing conflict. This statistic raises concerns about the psychological wellbeing of journalists covering the internecine violence. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach: The study sample ... more

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Gender in the Myanmar Media Landscape. First Study: Yangon and Beyond

Dilrukshi Handunnetti

Stockholm: Fojo Media Institute (2015), 30 pp.

"Although female media practitioners are well-represented in newsrooms making up for over 50% of staff on average, media institutions remain male dominated on levels of decision making. This results in two main challenges for women within the industry: a lack of opportunity to advance their careers ... more

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WorldCat (14)

Owning the issues of crime and immigration: The relation between immigration and crime news and anti-immigrant voting in 11 countries

Bjorn Burscher, van Spanje, Joost, Claes H. de Vreese

Electoral Studies, volume 38 (2015), pp. 59-69

"It is still not well understood how the media affect anti-immigrant party voting. In this paper, we argue and demonstrate empirically that mere exposure to immigration- and crime-related news is positively related to the likelihood that a voter casts a vote for an anti-immigrant party. On the basis ... more

Google Scholar (15)

WorldCat (11)

Social Communication Formation in Seminaries and Schools of Theology: An Investigation

Virgilio F. Ciudadano

Manila: Logos (Divine Word) Publications (2015), 168 pp.

"This ‘Investigation’ on Pastoral Communication programs of seven Seminaries or Theological Schools in Metro Manila reflects the situation and challenges for priestly formation in this field. The results are consolidated with some 230 questionnaires from participating seminarians and interviews ... more

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Google Scholar (12)

WorldCat (11)

Jordanian Journalists’ Awareness of the Concepts and Standards of Journalistic Quality Within Jordanian Media Institutions

Basim Mohammed Tweissi, Raid Jameel Suleiman, Aiman Sanad Al-Garrallah

Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, volume 8, issue 1 (2015), pp. 55-78

"This study aims to identify Jordanian journalists’ awareness of the basic concepts of journalistic professionalism by addressing four sets of media quality standards, as abstracted from several studies. Notable among those sets are journalistic content standards, the performance quality standards ... more

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Oral Tradition of Jainism Discourse in the Wake of Digital and Social Media: A Communication Study of Jain Mendicants and Lay People

Komal Shah

Religion and Social Communication, volume 13, issue 2 (2015), pp. 159-173

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Media Indicators 2015: A Thorough Study from a Journalists’ Point of View on Kosovo’s Media Freedom and Conditions

Civil Rights Defenders (2015), 56 pp.

"The main objective of the study was to determine and examine the perception of journalists in Kosovo on freedom of media, based on 27 indicators of the European Council. The analysis is categorized in six sectors, covering all areas of the study that pertain significant information on the perceptio ... more

Requirements for Modern Journalism Education: The Perspectives of Students in South East Europe Top Insights

Requirements for Modern Journalism Education: The Perspectives of Students in South East Europe
Top Insights