"Paul Nemitz und Matthias Pfeffer zeigen eindrücklich, wie die derzeitigen Versuche ethischer Regulierung von Künstlicher Intelligenz zu kurz greifen. Nemitz ist Mitglied der Datenethikkommission der Bundesregierung und war massgeblich verantwortlich für die Einführung der EU-Datenschutzgrundver
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ordnung. Pfeffer beschäftigt sich als freier TV-Journalist und Produzent mit dem Thema Künstliche Intelligenz. Die Autoren bieten eine genaue Analyse und legen dabei den Schwerpunkt auf die Rolle der Öffentlichkeit und die Gefährdung des Journalismus in digitalen Zeiten. Sie fordern die strikte Regulierung Künstlicher Intelligenz und eine Neubesinnung auf das Prinzip Mensch, das gegen das Prinzip Maschine verteidigt werden muss. Ihr Buch schließt mit klaren Handlungsempfehlungen an Politik, Zivilgesellschaft und insbesondere an die technische Intelligenz." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an increasingly important tool for shaping and arbitrating online information. It is increasingly, and often invisibly, used by both public authorities and private companies, and greatly impacts the way people seek, receive, impart and access information. Cou
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pled with its ability to identify, surveil and track people, AI can seriously impede on the right to freedom of expression. This #SAIFE Paper puts a spotlight on AI and freedom of expression, and provides guidance and preliminary recommendations on how to effectively safeguard free speech when AI is deployed." (Back cover)
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"Artificially intelligent “bot” accounts attack politicians and public figures on social media. Conspiracy theorists publish junk news sites to promote their outlandish beliefs. Campaigners create fake dating profiles to attract young voters. We live in a world of technologies that misdirect our
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attention, poison our political conversations, and jeopardize our democracies. With massive amounts of social media and public polling data, and in-depth interviews with political consultants, bot writers, and journalists, Philip N. Howard offers ways to take these “lie machines” apart. 'Lie Machines' is full of riveting behind-the-scenes stories from the world’s biggest and most damagingly successful misinformation initiatives—including those used in Brexit and U.S. elections. Howard not only shows how these campaigns evolved from older propaganda operations but also exposes their new powers, gives us insight into their effectiveness, and explains how to shut them down." (Publisher description)
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"Many of the significant developments of our era have resulted from advances in technology, including the design of large-scale systems; advances in medicine, manufacturing, and artificial intelligence; the role of social media in influencing behaviour and toppling governments; and the surge of onli
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ne transactions that are replacing human face-to-face interactions. These advances have given rise to new kinds of ethical concerns around the uses (and misuses) of technology. This collection of essays by prominent academics and technology leaders covers important ethical questions arising in modern industry, offering guidance on how to approach these dilemmas. Chapters discuss what we can learn from the ethical lapses of #MeToo, Volkswagen, and Cambridge Analytica, and highlight the common need across all applications for sound decision-making and understanding the implications for stakeholders. Technologists and general readers with no formal ethics training and specialists exploring technological applications to the field of ethics will benefit from this overview." (Publisher description)
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"[...] EU policy-making capacity must be supported by a broader ecosystem of stakeholders and experts especially from civil society. This AI & Society Ecosystem, a subset of a broader AI Ecosystem that also includes industry actors, is essential in informing policy-making on AI, as well as holding t
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he government to its self-proclaimed standard of promoting AI in the interest of society at large. We propose the ecosystem perspective, originating from biology and already applied in management and innovation studies (also with regard to AI). It captures the need for diversity of actors and expertise, directs the attention to synergies and connections, and puts the focus on the capacity to produce good outcomes over time. We argue that such a holistic perspective is urgently needed if the EU wants to fulfil its ambitions regarding trustworthy AI. The report aims to draw attention to the role of government actors and foundations in strengthening the AI & Society Ecosystem. The report identifies ten core functions, or areas of expertise, that an AI & Society Ecosystem needs to be able to perform – ten areas of expertise where the ecosystem can contribute meaningfully to the policy debate: Policy, technology, investigation, and watchdog expertise; Expertise in strategic litigation, and in building public interest use cases of AI; Campaign and outreach, and research expertise; Expertise in promoting AI literacy and education; and sector-specific expertise. In a fully flourishing ecosystem these functions need to be connected in order to complement each other and benefit from each other." (Executive summary, page 2-3)
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"This guide has explored some of the key considerations that should inform the conceptualization and implementation of Machine Learning (ML) and artifical intelligence (AI) components within a development project. New, automated decision systems can offer considerable and rapid efficiency gains, but
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we must always remember that they embed numerous and ongoing human decisions. These may be intentional or unintentional, benevolent or malicious, general or highly context specific. As with physical infrastructure such as roads and bridges, digital infrastructure can all too easily encode unexamined bias – sometimes in ways that can undermine development gains. As outlined in this guide, a wide variety of decisions need to be made at different stages of the project lifecycle: from which stakeholders should be involved and how, to measuring model accuracy and success, to determining overall whether ML is an appropriate tool to use for your development context. There is no one-size-fits all answer to these questions. But whatever the specific ML/AI technologies and applications you consider, broad guidance is offered in the four thematic areas woven throughout this guide: Responsible, equitable, and inclusive design; Strategic partnerships and human capital; Adaptive management; Enabling environment for ML/AI. These focal points should help you and your project team make the best possible choices at each stage of the project life cycle." (Conclusion)
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"This article explores the challenges and opportunities presented by advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of information operations. The article first examines the ways in which AI can be used to counter disinformation online. It then dives into some of the limitations of AI solut
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ions and threats associated with AI techniques, namely user profiling, micro-targeting, and deep fakes. Finally, the paper reviews a number of solutions that could help address the spread of AI-powered disinformation and improve the online environment. The article recognises that in the fight against disinformation, there is no single fix. The next wave of disinformation calls first and foremost for societal resilience." (Abstract)
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"[Der Autor] spürt den paradoxen und tragischen Momenten nach, zu denen die menschlichen Bemühungen einer technischen Beherrschung der Welt geführt haben. So zeigt er auf, wie Navigationssysteme Touristen in den Ozean leiten, Autopiloten Flugzeugabschüsse provozieren, algorithmisierter Hochfrequ
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enzhandel Börsencrashs auslöst und eine zu große Datenfülle wissenschaftlichen Fortschritt hemmt. Unsere Abhängigkeit von technologischen Systemen sei, so Bridle, jedoch nicht einfach rückgängig zu machen. Vielmehr plädiert er dafür, diese überhaupt erst ins Bewusstsein zu bringen. Dies gelinge nur durch ein Denken, das sich von der Vorstellung einer perfekten Berechenbarkeit der Welt verabschiedet und die komplexen Interaktionen zwischen natürlicher Umwelt, Technik und unserer sozialen Lebenswelt in den Blick nimmt." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"We have prepared this report as experts in spheres ranging from computer science, philosophy, and technology impact assessment via physics and engineering to social sciences, and we work together as the AI Ethics Impact Group (AIEI Group). Our paper offers concrete guidance to decision-makers in or
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ganisations developing and using AI on how to incorporate values into algorithmic decision-making, and how to measure the fulfilment of values using criteria, observables and indicators combined with a context-dependent risk assessment. It thus presents practical ways of monitoring ethically relevant system characteristics as a basis for policymakers, regulators, oversight bodies, watchdog organisations and standards development organisations. So this framework is for working towards better control, oversight and comparability of different AI systems, and also forms a basis for informed choices by citizens and consumers." (Executive summary)
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"This research aims at finding the current state of (open) voice datasets in Indian languages, including information about their volume, quality, mode of collection, and availability. The present research also explores the challenges for the creation and maintenance of open voice datasets in India.
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The report makes practice-oriented recommendations for future sustainable voice data collection based on both extensive desk research and expert interviews."
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"Könnten Sie in wenigen Sätzen erklären, was Augmented Reality bedeutet? Was digitale Disruption oder Smart Health ausmacht? Wer der vielzitierte Homo Deus ist? Falls nicht, gehören Sie zu der großen Mehrheit derer, die zwar in und mit der Digitalisierung leben und arbeiten, die aber meist pass
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en müssen, wenn es darum geht, die Schlagworte konkret zu erläutern. Es gibt viele spannende Bücher über Digitalisierung, aber keines, das den gesamten Themenkomplex erfasst und darlegt. Daher hat Philip Specht die 50 wichtigsten Aspekte der Digitalisierung jeweils auf wenigen Seiten erläutert - von den Grundlagen wie Hardware, Cloud und Internet of Things bis hin zu Themen wie virtueller Sexualität, der Zukunft des Arbeitsmarkts und digitaler Ethik." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"Fake News, Kriegsroboter, Cyber-Mobbing – unsere zunehmend digitalisierte Lebenswelt stellt uns vor neue ethische Herausforderungen. Wie verhalten wir uns angemessen und legitim gegenüber all diesen Veränderungen? Nötig sind Regeln und Wertmaßstäbe, für die es vor kurzem noch keinen Bedarf
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gab. In der Schule wird Wissen um Digitale Ethik immer wichtiger, für junge Menschen geradezu überlebensnotwendig. In diesem Band führen Geschichten und Fallstudien an die Probleme heran, Infoboxen und ein Glossar erklären Grundlegendes zum Thema." (Klappentext)
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"Artificial intelligence (AI) is now receiving unprecedented global attention as it finds widespread practical application in multiple spheres of activity. But what are the human rights, social justice and development implications of AI when used in areas such as health, education and social service
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s, or in building “smart cities”? How does algorithmic decision making impact on marginalised people and the poor? This edition of Global Information Society Watch (GISWatch) provides a perspective from the global South on the application of AI to our everyday lives. It includes 40 country reports from countries as diverse as Benin, Argentina, India, Russia and Ukraine, as well as three regional reports. These are framed by eight thematic reports dealing with topics such as data governance, food sovereignty, AI in the workplace, and so-called “killer robots”. While pointing to the positive use of AI to enable rights in ways that were not easily possible before, this edition of GISWatch highlights the real threats that we need to pay attention to if we are going to build an AI-embedded future that enables human dignity." (Back cover)
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"This report recognizes artificial intelligence (AI) as an opportunity to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), through its contribution to building inclusive knowledge societies. Based on UNESCO’s Internet Universality ROAM framework agreed by UNESCO’s Member States i
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n 2015, this study analyzes how AI and advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs) will impact Human Rights in terms of freedom of expression, privacy, media, journalism and non-discrimination; how Openness needs to inform the technological and safety challenges related to AI; how Access to AI hinges upon access to algorithms, hardware, human resources and data; and how a Multi-stakeholder approach concerning AI governance can address the challenges and opportunities for the benefit of humanity." (Back cover)
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"The Big Nine who will determine the future of artifical intelligence (AI) - Google, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, IBM, and Facebook in America; and Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent in China - serve masters with conflicting interests. Wall Street wants profit now without regard to consequences. The Chinese g
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overnment wants citizens cowed by social controls. These companies are likely to deliver what their respective masters want - decisions that are increasingly out of whack with humanity's best interests. Yet there is still time to choose the right path. In three eye-opening scenarios - optimistic, pragmatic, catastrophic - Webb forecasts the potential directions AI could take. If the Big Nine change course from a path now leading to disaster, AI could indeed be a boon for humanity. If not, our democratic ideals could implode." (Back cover)
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