"Cold War media cultures are typically remembered in terms of an East-West binary, emphasizing conflict and propaganda. Remapping Cold War Media, however, offers a different perspective on the period, illuminating the extensive connections between media industries and cultures in Europe's Cold War E
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ast and their counterparts in the West and Global South. These connections were forged by pragmatic, technological, economic, political, and aesthetic forces; they had multiple, at times conflicting, functions and meanings. And they helped shape the ways in which media circulates today—from film festivals, to satellite networks, to coproductions. Considering film, literature, radio, photography, computer games, and television, Remapping Cold War Media offers a transnational history of postwar media that spans Eastern and Western Europe, the Nordic countries, Cuba, the United States, and beyond. Contributors draw on extensive archival research to reveal how media traveled across geopolitical boundaries; the processes of translation, interpretation, and reception on which these travels depended; and the significance of media form, content, industries, and infrastructures then and now." (Publisher description)
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"This chapter examines how the Aide aux cinemas du monde fund and the Produire au Sud workshop aim at strengthening France’s central position in the co-production of world cinemas. The Aide aux cinemas du monde provides funding to French co-producers of films from all over the world, while the Pro
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duire au Sud workshop, linked to the Festival des 3 Continents in Nantes, works towards developing cooperation between European film professionals and emerging film-makers from the South. Drawing on an analysis of film policy documents and data, field observation and recent film festival studies, this chapter describes how both initiatives support co-production, in parallel to developing and exporting professional practices and discourses that shape the co-production culture developed in France since the 1980s." (Abstract)
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"Dans des pays caractérisés par une profusion d’images essentiellement venues d’autres continents, et par une production très inégale, voire inexistante, quels ont été les modèles dominants de production ? Quels sont ceux que les mutations en cours font émerger ? Quels sont les enjeux é
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conomiques, industriels et sociaux de cette mutation numérique ? Quels en sont les principaux acteurs ? Qu’en est-il de la participation et du rôle des États ? Quels liens financiers, politiques, juridiques, demeurent avec les anciennes métropoles coloniales, avec les nouveaux acteurs de la production ? Qu’en est-il des équipements et de la formation des personnels ? Des contributions de chercheurs abordent ces questions en différents pays d’Afrique et du Moyen-Orient, sous des angles économiques, sociologiques et historiques. Complémentairement, six témoignages de producteurs évoquent leur métier, et les questions spécifiques qui se posent pour eux en travaillant en et avec ces aires géographiques." (Présentation)
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"This volume offers an up-to-date analysis of film and television co-production in Europe. It brings together the voices of policy professionals, industry practitioners and media industry scholars to trace the contours of a complex practice that is of increasing significance in the global media land
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scape. Analysis of the latest production statistics sits alongside interviews with producers and the critical evaluation of public film policies. The volume incorporates contributions from representatives of major public institutions?Eurimages, the European Audiovisual Observatory and the European Commission?and private production companies including the pan-European Zentropa Group. Policy issues are elucidated through case studies including the Oscar-winning feature film Ida, the BAFTA-winning I am not a Witch and the Danish television serial Ride Upon the Storm. Scholarly articles span co-development, co-distribution and regional cinemas as well as emerging policy challenges such as the digital single market." (Publisher description)
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"O fomento à produção cinematográfica em regime de coprodução tem sido uma saída para os países latinoamericanos que pressionados em sua cadeia produtiva pela hegemônica indústria cinematográfica norte americana têm dificuldades em desenvolver suas cinematografias. Desde da década de 19
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90, essa modalidade de realização fílmica tem sido sistematizada de forma mais consistente entre esses países, Portugal e Espanha através do Programa Ibermedia. Ao que pesem as controvérsias, este programa tem tentado cumprir o papel de promover um espaço de interação audiovisual na chamada Iberoamérica. Esse artigo tem por objetivo apresentar minha proposta de pesquisa de doutorado, que buscará avaliar a relação investimento/retorno das coproduções realizadas pelo Ibermedia nos seus últimos dez anos (2003-3013), tomando para estudo de caso 32 coproduções brasileiras realizadas com apoio do fundo, durante esse período." (Resumo)
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"The media intervention programs and training initiatives for Arabs reflect hegemonies and dependencies. Taking into consideration the absence of a public cinema infrastructure in the Arab World and thus the lack of institutional representation or backing for film-makers leads one to question to wha
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t degree the director can control her/his story. Or in other words, to what extent the films, which are read as national works, can reflect debates or atmospheres in their country of origin at all? The decoding of films, not only from the Middle East, is in many cases national, as the case of Paradise Now showed. Critics’ reactions to Waltz with Bashir suggest that the reading of the film is connected to the actual political experience within the region versus political assumptions about it, a rather regional reading. An aspect entirely missing in the Western decoding process of films from the Middle East is the question who was involved in the encoding. The critics, who translate the film to the wider audience, focus on the films’ subjects or manipulations, rather than on the economic and institutional backing of the creation and thus interests behind it. After completing the film it is solely the director who has to defend the work as a statement from and about her/his country. Regardless of formal ownership and the involvement of co-producing states these films are marketed as documents from and about the country in which the story takes place. The majority of co-productions by directors from the Middle East, like the majority of films produced at all, get little attention. It is the films with international recognition, be it by box office numbers or debates that are remembered. One could easily assume that Paradise Now will become part of a Palestinian collective memory. Yet, without physical archives in the Arab countries, and Palestine not even being a state, how long will the co-produced movies be accessible as part of cultural heritage? In French and German archives the film rolls will be stored and made accessible, it is in Europe where Arabs will still have to look for their cultural memory in the distant future." (Conclusion, page 11-12)
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"Since the mid 1990s the European Union (EU) and its member states, most prominently France and Germany, have encouraged cinematic co-productions between Europe and the Middle East. A large number of films were completed within various EU support and cooperation programmes, ranging from special inte
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rest documentaries to Oscar-nominated movies like Paradise Now (2005) or Ajami (2010). As Arab Middle Eastern countries do not have a cinemafunding system of their own, the film-makers depend on cooperation with Europe. While the European partners pride themselves on the success of supported films, the Middle Eastern side is increasingly denouncing a ‘new colonialism’. The displeasure derives from the assertion that the subjects of supported films are limited to Western stereotypes of the Middle East, as well as the fact that a core condition of nearly all financial support is the employment of European crews. Within this scope, how can stories be told, and which ones remain untold?" (Abstract)
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"Zwar haben große Filme wie “Central do Brasil” oder “Cidade de Deus” die Zuschauer für den brasilianischen Blick auf die Welt sensibilisiert; dennoch müssten die kleineren Produktionen durch die Möglichkeit der Koproduktion und eine intensive Verleihförderung mit einer guten Untertitel
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ung verstärkt gefördert werden. Filme müssten zudem mit kundigen Agenten besser positioniert werden. Bislang haben brasilianische Regisseure unter den europäischen Filmfestivals in erster Linie Cannes und Berlin im Blick. Danach werden die Bewerbungen an andere Festivals geleitet (Venedig, Rotterdam, Locarno), bis die Filme schließlich durch ein Raster fallen, weil sie zu spät dort eingereicht werden, wo das Format oder Thema Schwerpunkt ist. Bei der Diskussion um Koproduktionen scheinen die brasilianischen Regisseure eine zu große Einflussnahme zu fürchten, etwa durch die Verpflichtung, deutsche Schauspieler einzusetzen. Doch diese Furcht ist unbegründet. Dies gilt besonders für die Projekte des “World Cinema Fund” und des EZEF, die den Brasilianern in Deutschland einen kompetenten Partner zur Seite stellen, der den Markt kennt und die Nischen für die thematisch vielseitigen Produktionen finden kann. Denn Filme “verpuffen” oder “verbrennen”, wenn sie ohne jede Unterstützung in kleinen Filmreihen oder Festivals geparkt werden, wo sie nie ihre Kosten einspielen werden." (Seite 220)
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"Recherche de programmes provenant d'autres pays ou d'autres organismes: tel est le désir manifesté par les spécialistes de la radiodiffusion éducative — Des nécessités pratiques sont à la base de ce désir — 1. Ressources financières limitées au niveau de la programmation locale (le ca
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s des pays en voie de développement) — 2. Mettre en commun les expériences éducatives — 3. La télévision: « celle-qui-ouvre-les-yeux-sur-le-monde » — 4. Compétition entre les programmes éducatifs et les autres — Mais des obstacles aux échanges internationaux existent: 1. Adaptation des programmes d'un pays aux conditions nationales de l'autre — 2. L'information est difficile — 3. Enregistrements insuffisants, coût des copies — 4. Droits d'auteurs — 5. Différence de besoins — Cependant, il y a des réalisations effectuées: 1. Par voie d'agences diplomatiques — 2. Coopération nationale aux Etats-Unis — 3. Production et distribution de « kits v — 4. Distribution commerciale — 5. Récompenses internationales et projections — L'auteur parle enfin des efforts entrepris en vue de favoriser la distribution internationale de programmes éducatifs, et propose des solutions." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 390, topic code 442.2)
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"L'auteur est directeur du Nederlandse Onderwijs Film, La Haye, Pays-Bas. Coproduction d'une série de films de géographie physique, de films scientifiques, de géographie générale, de films en liaison avec l'ONU, du film: « Les régions climatiques de l'Europe » — Conclusions et recommandati
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ons relatives à une effective collaboration en matière de coproduction, à une coordination, à une unité, à la méthode de production, de financement, de distribution." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 1144, topic code 310.323.0)
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