"Despite the proliferation of IT applications worldwide, Indigenous knowledge remains marginalized in the mainstream information technology (IT) and Information Systems (IS) discourse. This special section explores tensions and opportunities at the intersection of Indigenous knowledge and digital te
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chnologies, emphasizing the need for culturally sensitive, inclusive, and ethical approaches to technological innovation. Bridging IT and Indigenous knowledge systems can foster environmental sustainability, digital equity, and social justice while preserving rich cultural heritage. This editorial introduces the special section, which presents ground-breaking research demonstrating the role of IT in Indigenous financial inclusion, culturally sensitive partnerships, and community empowerment. It also calls for increased interdisciplinary scholarship to advance IT solutions that respect and amplify Indigenous voices. By recognizing Indigenous knowledge as a pillar of sustainable innovation, IT and IS research can contribute to a just and inclusive technological future." (Abstract)
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"The impact assessment underscores the commendable achievements of the Rural Household Devices project. By December 2023, the initiative had successfully reached 54 districts and impacted 10,706 households. The outcomes are multifaceted and transformative, with a substantial number of beneficiaries
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experiencing internet-enabled devices for the first time. Low literacy, lack of affordability, low dominance of some telecom providers, and poor quality of service are cited as some of the major challenges. As a result of these systemic affordability, connectivity, and skills barriers, the majority of beneficiaries had never used the internet prior to the project. At the time of the study, a third of the participants interviewed now use the internet daily, 20% use it weekly, and 10% use it on a monthly basis. However, 22% indicated that they have never used the internet due to various barriers discussed in the report. Devices distributed through the program are predominantly used by children and household members for education, income generation, saving time for business, discovering new business opportunities (e.g., using Google Maps to carry out business in distant towns), entertainment, information access, and communicating with family. Two-thirds or 65% of participants reported increased income due to the use of the device for business activity, which was made possible by participating in the program and owning a household device. Participants also reported the benefits of saved time and money." (Executive summary, pages 5-6)
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"MEDIA LOVES TECH is the name and the idea behind this project that got underway in 2018. The goal is to bring together two worlds that are often too far apart: journalism and the startup community. Together with Al Khatt, a local project partner and non-governmental media organization, we wanted to
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scout, promote, develop and test innovations for the media sector. That same year, a legal support framework for startups in Tunisia came into effect, structured around a label of merit and benefits for entrepreneurs, investors and startups. Just like MEDIA LOVES TECH, it aims to support development through bold entrepreneurial spirit and innovative ideas. Since its launch, the annual MEDIA LOVES TECH incubation program, financed by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), supports eight to twelve startups. Implemented almost entirely online, and originally as a three-day mentor-supported hackathon, it has grown to become an incubation cycle that lasts three months. It promotes all phases of a startup — from the original idea to market entry.
It has been five years since the program was started and it is still going strong. This publication is an initial assessment. Does the belief that progress comes from promoting innovation hold true? Can promoting new media projects with viable business models succeed in an unstable economic or political environment? One needs to look at various aspects to find answers. It is often said that over 90 percent of startups go under in the first two years. Still, startups are often seen as a forerunner to economic development and as having a stimulating effect on the overall economy. Even if initiatives do flop, their traces can still be found in the ecosystem. When assessing the MEDIA LOVES TECH program, it is worth reflecting on what has been achieved and gaining insights for the future. Five projects are presented here. Our team has taken an in-depth look at the projects’ stories and progress and includes key performance indicators. Measuring impact in an unsteady startup environment can be a challenge, and our success stories address this. But as we at DW Akademie believe, “big changes start small,” and so do the startups presented here." (Foreword)
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"This book explores case studies across India, Kenya, Guatemala, Sri Lanka, and global, comparative settings, and asks what positive impact ICT applications (Health Information Systems, Pandemic response systems, Early Warning and Response Systems, Hospital Information System and Smartphone based Ap
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ps) can have on today’s most pressing challenges. The authors use this lens to discuss a wide range of issues facing communities around the world, including public health and pandemic management; the mitigation of ethnic violence and violence against women; the emergence of an informal economy; and the displacement of refugees. The case studies are analyzed through a wide means-process-ends framework, which is complemented with micro-level observations of people’s experience, such as empowerment, agility and trust within communities. This interplay between the macro framework and micro concepts helps us to understand how and why digital interventions can contribute to positive outcomes, and which stories of hope may inspire other development channels." (Back cover)
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"This guide is for teams or managers involved in considering or building “civic technology”, i.e., technology that helps people engage government more effectively. It is the distillation of my four years spent building Grassroot, a civic tech platform in South Africa. The guide is focused on the
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practical. I have chosen the topics by reflecting on what people have asked for advice on over the years; on what I wish I knew when I started, or on what early advice to me was most valuable; and on some of the things that went wrong along the way. Since software provides in itself no guardrails against building what should not be built, an organization or leadership team needs to develop its own precautions. But that is very hard when all around you people are pretending to build cool new apps and one article after another is talking breathlessly about supposed “technology for good”. As proof of these forces, we can observe that for half a decade one research report after another has pointed to the limited effect (if any) of well-intentioned but insufficiently rigorous technology projects (“let’s build an app”). And despite all of that research, the apps keep being built. That brings you to my motivation for writing this guide. I believe that technology can help ordinary people build power and make the state more accountable and responsive. I believe that, when targeted at the right problem at the right time, it can make an enormous difference. I’ve also seen close-up how the forces of contemporary thought, funding and status will push you towards building what should not be built, with teams who don’t know how to build it. You’ll notice the tone isn’t typical of academic how-to guides—my approach is to describe the process honestly and realistically, with hopes that it will give people a better sense of what “building an app” entails, and how they can do it well, or (better yet) not do it in the first place." (Preface)
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"20 years after its foundation in 1996, IICD, the International Institute for Communication and Development, definitively closed. Over the years, IICD proved that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can accelerate socio-economic development and that a methodology based on principles such
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as multi-stakeholder engagement, demand-driven approach and local ownership, is key to integrate and sustain ICT-enabled activities. IICD investments in enabling individuals, organisations and networks to adequately serve the ICT needs of local stakeholders resulted in conducive environments with experienced partners well suited to offer cost-effective and locally relevant ICT-enabled solutions. Based on the experience of the writer this paper explores the impact of the organization, after five years in a fast changing environement. It also expresses her opinions and shares ideas related to the importance of knowledge sharing for preparedness in a post-pandemic world." (Abstract)
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"Seven years since the establishment of the Digital Defenders Partnership by the Freedom Online Coalition, the challenges to Human Rights and Internet Freedom globally have mounted, while the movements in their defence remain diverse, creative, and resilient. In this context, DDP has evolved to beco
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me a flexible and effective ally in the ecosystem of support to these movements, expanding our programme of support from emergency funding to include creative and innovative projects aimed at supporting and respecting this diversity, creativity, and resilience. In the coming strategic period, DDP will focus on the consolidation and expansion of the aspects of our work considered to be of most value by our allies and beneficiaries: Incident Emergency Response; Sustainable Protection Support; Facilitation and Community Building. We will do this by increasing clarity and transparency in how we work; facilitating and actively promoting collaboration within the ecosystem; further deepening our support for local and regional capacities; and establishing mechanisms for learning and sharing best practices. All of this with the aim of ensuring that the Internet and digital technologies remain a fundamental force for positive change - free, open and accessible to those on the front lines of that change." (Executive summary)
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"This Smart Village Blueprint, piloted in Niger, has been conceived as a practical tool for establishing smart villages. It contributes to the implementation of the Niger 2.0 Smart Villages project, which aims at providing broadband infrastructure to improve Internet access in rural and remote parts
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of the country. The Smart Villages project comprises a locally led, integrated, and holistic approach to providing access to digital services to all citizens of rural communities, with the integration of digital technologies serving as a crucial enabler of equitable, qualitative and efficient delivery of SDG-related services for all. This Blueprint is based on the lessons learnt from experiences setting up, managing, and sustaining similar projects in different parts of the world, including the Niger Smart Villages project. These lessons highlight the importance of dynamic local leadership, the continuous development of local capacity to manage and lead sustainable development programmes, and the need to work collaboratively with multiple stakeholders and adopt a whole-of-government approach, moving away from older, territorial, siloed development models. The aim of this Blueprint is to make smart villages one of the mechanisms through which multiple SDGs can be achieved simultaneously in remote and underserved areas." (Foreword)
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"Make-IT started as a "laboratory" for new types of partnerships between development organisations, business, finance and entrepreneurs. After 2 years of implementation experience, we can proudly say that we have successfully combined the strengths of the public and private sectors to promote digita
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l innovation for sustainable and inclusive development. This impact report aims to highlight some of these results. GIZ implements Make-IT on behalf of the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), together with more than 30 corporate and financing partners, social enterprises, hubs and networks. Meet them in chapter one! In its first two years, Make-IT focused on Kenya and Nigeria. In 2019, we expanded to Ghana and Tunisia, and Rwanda will follow. So far, Make-IT has supported tech entrepreneurs from 18 African countries. One of our first significant activities was the joint "Make-IT Accelerator" with business partners from the Make-IT Alliance. Building on this, we launched further programmes to improve the international visibility and credibility of African tech entrepreneurs, to catalyse partnerships with financing partners and to strengthen peer-to-peer learning and mentoring. These measures reached more than 400 tech entrepreneurs on the continent, 148 of whom have entered Make-IT’s highly selective start-up pipeline. Meet them in chapter two! Through our cooperation with national partners, we support African governments in establishing future-oriented institutional frameworks for digital entrepreneurship. Policy dialogues, better access to markets and finance, as well as capacity development for intermediaries in the ecosystems, such as hubs, mentors and public support organisations, help strengthen enabling environments for young entrepreneurs in the digital sector. You can find an overview in chapter three! We will continue to form partnerships and share methodologies for thriving tech entrepreneurship ecosystems in Africa. Find out how to collaborate with us in chapter four!" (Editorial)
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"Die #eSkills4Girls-Initiative ist im Rahmen der G20-Präsidentschaft Deutschlands im Jahr 2017 entstanden. Ziel der Initiative ist es, die digitale Kluft zwischen Männern und Frauen zu überwinden und insbesondere für Frauen und Mädchen durch digitale Kompetenzen bessere Bildungsund Beschäftigu
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ngsperspektiven in der digitalen Welt zu schaffen. Dafür haben wir drei wichtige Schwerpunkte der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit zusammengebracht: Überwindung der Barrieren beim Zugang zu Bildung, Nutzung der Chancen der Digitalisierung und verbesserte wirtschaftliche, politische und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe von Frauen und Mädchen." (Vorwort, Seite 5)
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"The first three chapters set out the foundations of ICT4D: the core relation between ICTs and development; the underlying components needed for ICT4D to work; and best practice in implementing ICT4D. Five chapters then analyse key development goals: economic growth, poverty eradication, social deve
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lopment, good governance and environmental sustainability. Each chapter assesses the goal-related impact associated with ICTs and key lessons from real-world cases. The final chapter looks ahead to emerging technologies and emerging models of ICT-enabled development. The book uses extensive in-text diagrams, tables and boxed examples with chapter-end discussion and assignment questions and further reading. Supported by online activities, video links, session outlines and slides, this textbook provides the basis for undergraduate, postgraduate and online learning modules on ICT4D." (Back cover)
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"Around the world diverse actors are working to develop technology that directly improves social conditions. This report refers to these types of technology as ‘social tech’. Examples of social tech include anti-corruption systems for citizens to report bribes; communications platforms for refug
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ees on the move; and systems that allow farmers to plan their next crop. The resulting report surveys how social tech is produced and used across sub-Saharan Africa, and what interventions might enrich and improve this ‘ecosystem’. Its primary focus is on information and communication technologies (ICT), though many of its lessons will apply more broadly. It also concentrates on accessible systems, in which the end user is the person who benefits, rather than on specialised systems for professionals. Commissioned by funders in the social tech sphere, the purpose of this report is to find where intervention might improve the ecosystem. We believe that addressing key weaknesses in the ecosystem can help new social tech initiatives – with powerful base-of-the-pyramid benefits – to succeed." (Executive summary)
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"This article examines how privacy is understood, lived, and negotiated by youth users of information and communication technology (ICT) in slum communities in the Philippines. In the context of shared and public access arrangements prevalent in many low-income communities in the Global South, the a
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rticle discusses the intersections of space, technology, and the sharing economy underlying socio-technical practice that shape the privacy notions. It argues for rethinking the ICT for development and privacy policy discourse to integrate experiences from shared access settings." (Abstract)
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"An emerging topic in the development field is how information and communication technology (ICT) can be used for economic and social development. The general approach relies on technological determinism, whereby the discussion revolves around how and to what extent will ICT support development. It
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assumes the benefits of ICT as inherent. This approach ignores that ICT is created and experienced within a socially divisive and complex space. A more critical and sociological analysis is needed for development studies to better understand the implications of ICT initiatives. In this article, I argue that Saskia Sassen's analytical framework of technology and society as embedded avoids this technological determinism and allows social theorists to account for social and material aspects of ICT. To support this alternative framework, I present a case study of a rural ICT initiative in Gujarat, India, and discuss how this reconceptualization reveals more nuanced understanding of ICT and society. Based on interviews and field research, I find that technology creates new social understandings for the rural ICT users, but also that society shapes the technology to make it inaccessible for them." (Abstract)
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"The mobile industry has, for the past 15 years or so, done a phenomenal job of connecting users in emerging markets to voice, SMS and Internet access services. But as we strive to reach the remaining unconnected users, we may need new models of connectivity to reach them. In the first section of th
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is document we discuss the need for new Internet access models, and ask the question of what we mean by “Internet Access” and why it’s important to understand what the impacts of limited service and capability are.
We then move on to look at the barriers to scaling Internet access, and why, despite the availability and affordability of mobile phones, Internet access remains sub-scale. On the supply side, we discuss the issues around the costs of delivery access, and the difficulty of making connectivity affordable. Many attempts to reduce the cost have been tried, with varying levels of success. From Universal Service Funds delivered at a policy level, to zero-rated services from the private sector, it is important to understand the considerations around subsidizing access for poor or hard-to-reach users. The debate around this is nuanced, as the recent decision by the TRAI to ban Facebook Free Basics in India has shown. Supply side barriers are not easily solvable, and some mix of new industry business models and policy efforts to make regulation fit for purpose is required. Providing affordable—or free—Internet access will require negotiating the original principles of the Internet, the desire for an open and fair architecture, with the real costs of delivering this vision.
From a user perspective, even when the available infrastructure enables connectivity, it doesn’t always drive adoption. Users require a reason to go online. A certain amount of this can be demand driven by access to essential government services, but a carrot as well as a stick is required. We have previously researched the digital lives of users in Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda, and have shown how users come online for non-instrumental reasons (social
media, games, etc.) but then often use these platforms for instrumental activities such as self-directed education, searching for employment, or sourcing essential information.3 User research can show us how these needs can be balanced, and we discuss this within this report." (Introduction, page 4-5)
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"The aim of this report is not to question the value of supporting Internet freedom in closed societies such as Iran. Rather, the intent is to provide a picture of how difficult it is to achieve progress in such countries. In times of tightening budgets for media development work, it is worth consid
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ering where best to place one’s bets. While trying to improve access to the Internet for Iranians is a worthy goal in terms of foreign policy and human rights, it is less clear whether such efforts have had much immediate impact in improving Iran’s media landscape, or in convincing the senior leadership that Internet freedom is indeed a worthy pursuit. Looking forward, more work needs to be done to understand what kind of aid policies and approaches are most effective in societies such as Iran. Many donors would like to support the groups that are struggling to maintain open Internet access, and the immediate goal of helping Internet activists preserve some modicum of Internet freedom is clearly a worthy endeavor. The longer term goal will likely require not only preserving as many freedoms as possible now, but also a broader, more integrated program of support to the media sector that includes a combination of technical assistance and engagement with both civil society and the intelligentsia. Until such a wide engagement is possible, the outlook for freedom in Iran will likely remain gloomy." (Conclusion)
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"In Spider Stories 2012 you will get an overview of results from Spider projects initiated in 2011-2012 in collaboration with project partners in Cambodia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. In partnership with local organizations, we have supported innovative projects in democracy, education, and
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health. Our project partners have also explored Spider’s crosscutting themes, from Free and Open Source Software and mobiles for development to cultural creativity and youth empowerment. Spider Stories 2012 is in the format of “storytelling” to capture the voices of our project partners as well as the ultimate beneficiaries of their efforts: ordinary people in different social settings." (Spider website)
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"This report examines whether and how furthering Internet freedom can empower civil society vis-à-vis public officials, make the government more accountable to its citizens, and integrate citizens into the policymaking process. Using case studies of events in 2011 in Egypt, Syria, China, and Russia
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, researchers focus on the impact of Internet freedom on freedom of assembly, freedom of expression, and the right to cast a meaningful vote, all of which are the key pillars of political space. Researchers analyze the mechanisms by which Internet freedom can enhance the opportunities to enjoy these freedoms, how different political contexts can alter the opportunities for online mobilization, and how, subsequently, online activism can grow out into offline mobilization leading to visible policy changes. To provide historical context, researchers also draw parallels between the effects of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty programs in the Soviet Union during the Cold War and the ongoing efforts to expand Internet freedom for all. The report concludes by discussing implications for the design of Internet freedom programs and other measures to protect “freedom to connect." (Back cover)
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