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The Media Map Project: Cambodia. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010

Margarette Roberts

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 66 pp.

"Donor funded media development is a relatively new phenomenon, resulting in minimal impact. Modest gains have been made: technical improvements in television production, some better skilled journalists, development of journalists’ associations and a code of ethics, and greater citizen engagement. ... more

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The Media Map Project: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010
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Marie-Soleil Frère

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 98 pp.

"Today, the DRC tops the African charts in the number of registered media outlets, be they print media, radio or television. In 2008, 638 publications were registered country-wide; there were 341 radio stations and 82 television stations, although TV is still an essentially urban phenomenon, given t ... he lack of access to electricity. Despite this hugely diverse media landscape, citizens in the provinces are often deprived of access to information, as the media are most concentrated in the capital city, Kinshasa. Congolese media outlets are characterized by poor content, a severe shortage of material and technical capacity, and significant sustainability problems. Journalists work in an unsafe environment, lack regular salaries and protection, and regularly struggle with threats to press freedom. The legal and regulatory framework does not provide sufficient guarantees and basic regulations to ensure that media outlets abandon their “informal” practices. The advertising market is still undeveloped and disorganized, providing little financial backing to media companies. The supposedly “public” broadcaster is the mouthpiece of the government, and the only “public service broadcaster” is Radio Okapi, a UN-based station. In such an unfavorable context, the involvement of donors has become increasingly important over the last 20 years. The reasons why donors have intervened and continue to support the media sector are tied to the country’s political situation. The media have thus been supported for a variety of reasons: from 1990 to 1997: to encourage new democratic media freedoms; from 2000 to 2004: to promote a return to peace and reconstruction during negotiations to solve the conflict; from 2004 to 2007: to enable the media to play their part during the electoral process, as the first democratic elections during the last 40 years took place in 2006; from 2007 to 2011: to establish a solid and responsible press likely to take part in the consolidation of democracy. Reaching $80 million over the past ten years, media support by donors and operators has varied, essentially covering five types of activities: the creation of “neutral” and “apolitical” media and content (a recurring strategy in post-conflict countries); direct support (funds or equipment) for a number of outlets; media staff training; strengthening of the sector’s professional organizations and associations; consolidation of public institutions to organize the sector (including regulation and legal reform). Each of these types of interventions has generated both positive impacts and negative effects on individual journalists, newsrooms, media outlets and local organizations in the media sector. Beneficiaries, donors, and INGOs have all advanced their own critiques regarding the ways in which media support initiatives have been designed, implemented and assessed so far. They also make suggestions about how to improve media support in the future, to make it more consistent with the needs of the local Congolese media." (Executive summary, page 6-7 more

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The Media Map Project: Mali. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010

Heather Gilberds

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 46 pp.

"Mali’s media remain significantly underdeveloped in terms of business management, audience research and long-term sustainability. Many media organizations remain dependent on donor funding and have done little to develop business models to attract other sources of revenue. There are more than 50 ... more

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The Media Map Project: Peru. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010

Gabriela Martínez

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 53 pp.

"Peru’s media development landscape is uniquely characterized by prolonged funding of community radios by the Catholic Church, beginning in the 1960s and continuing until today. This activity appears to redress to some degree the lack of balanced development between Lima and the provinces. The 199 ... more

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The Media Map Project: Kenya. Case Study Snapshot of Donor Support to ICTs and Media, 2011

Katharine Allen, Iginio Gagliardone

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 39 pp.

"For the media in Kenya to improve further, the following recommendations emerge from the study: Provide clear regulation that liberates the media at all levels, including in the editorial process; invest in practical training of media professionals to cope with the dynamic media sector and the new ... more

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The Media Map Project: Ukraine. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010

Katerina Tsetsura, Anastasia Grynko, Anna Klyueva

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 61 pp.

"Western donor interventions to establish and develop an independent media landscape in Ukraine have been successful overall. Multiple Western donors have helped to support the development of civil society in Ukraine and the development of its independent media system. The political landscape, speci ... more

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#ICT4HR: Information and Communication Technologies for Human Rights

Molly Land, Patrick Meier, Mark Belinski, Emily Jacobi

World Bank Institute; Open Development Technology Alliance; ICT4Gov (2012), 45 pp.

"Considerable attention has been focused on the opportunities presented by new information and communication technologies for development (“ICT4D”) and for government (“ICT4GOV”). The purpose of this report is to analyze their impact on human rights (“ICT4HR”). As Philip Alston, the form ... more

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Overview Report: Measuring Media Development

Sanjukta Roy

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2011), 16 pp.

"The Media Map Project is investigating the relationships between media and development, and analyzing the impact of media development assistance in specific contexts. The project undertakes a three-pronged approach. Part 1, Quantifying Media is an extensive quantitative analysis of macro data, appl ... more

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Rethinking Media Development

Mark Nelson, Tara Susman-Peña

Arcata, Calif.; Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2011), 26 pp.

"The international development community needs to spend less time training journalists and more time on efforts to build country level leadership for a strong and independent media as a key institution of development. This means longer-term programs, facilitating carefully planned and rigorous appro ... more

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Mapping Donor Decision Making on Media Development: An Overview of Current Monitoring and Evaluation Practice

Jason Alcorn, Amy Chen, Emma Gardner, Hiro Matsumoto

Arcata, Cal.; Washington, DC: Internews; Media Map Project; World Bank Institute (2011), 21 pp.

"This report maps the evolution of evaluation and donor decision making in media development over the last two decades. Through interviews with media development donors, implementers and academics, we examine major donor perspectives on monitoring and evaluation (M&E), the main challenges within med ... more

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Review of Literature

Amelia Arsenault, Shawn Powers

Media Map Project; Internews; World Bank Institute (2010), 32 pp.

"This report explores the origins of media development research, outlines existing empirical measurements of the impact of media development projects, and examines relevant theories about the relationship between media modernization and societal progress." (Page 1)

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Exploring the Role of Civil Society in the Formulation and Adoption of Access to Information Laws: The Cases of Bulgaria, India, Mexico, South Africa, and the United Kingdom

Andrew Puddephatt

Washington, DC: World Bank; World Bank Institute (2009), vii, 45 pp.

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The Media's Role in Curbing Corruption

Rick Stapenhurst

Herndon: World Bank Institute (2000), 26 pp.

"This paper examines how the media have exposed corrupt officials, prompted investigations by official bodies, reinforced the work and legitimacy of both parliaments and their anti-corruption bodies and pressured for change to laws and regulations that create a climate favorable to corruption. The p ... more

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Journalistic Legwork That Tumbled a President: A Case Study and Guide for Investigative Journalists

Lars Moller, Jack Jackson

[Washington, DC]: World Bank Institute (2000), 64 pp.

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Governance Matters

Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay, Pablo Zoido-Lobatón

Washington, DC: World Bank Development Research Group; World Bank Institute (1999), 61 pp.

"In a cross-section of more than 150 countries, Kaufmann, Kraay, and Zoido-Lobatón provide new empirical evidence of a strong causal relationship from better governance to better development outcomes. They base their analysis on a new database containing more than 300 governance indicators compiled ... more

The Media Map Project: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010 Top Insights

The Media Map Project: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010
Top Insights