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Challenges and opportunities for using universal service funds to bridge the digital divide

Geneva: ITU (2024), 10 pp.

"This document presents the joint interim (annual) deliverable for Question 4/1, “Economic aspects of national telecommunications/ICTs”, and Question 5/1, “Telecommunications/ICTs for rural and remote areas”. It concerns the challenges and opportunities associated with using universal servic ... more

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The State of Broadband 2024: Leveraging AI for Universal Connectivity. Part One

Geneva: ITU; Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development (2024), iv, 57 pp.

"The Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development welcomes stakeholders and partners to work on achieving universal and meaningful connectivity by 2030, to ensure not just connectivity, but also that those who are connected have the skills and knowledge to use it. Five considerations for the roa ... more

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Detecting deepfakes and generative AI: Report on standards for AI watermarking and multimedia authenticity workshop. The need for standards collaboration on AI and multimedia authenticity

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 21 pp.

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AI and the Environment: International Standards for AI and the Environment

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 43 pp.

"International standards provide the guidelines and benchmarks needed to measure and improve the environmental impact of AI. Codifying established best practices, standards help mitigate risks such as high energy consumption and lifecycle emissions. They also provide measurement methodologies to ass ... more

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AI Ready – Analysis Towards a Standardized Readiness Framework

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 55 pp.

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AI for Good-Innovate for Impact. Final Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), xiv, 213 pp.

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United Nations Activities on Artificial Intelligence (AI) 2023

Geneva: ITU (2024), xviii, 366 pp.

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Disaster Management: The Standards Perspective

ITU-WMO-UNEP Focus Group on AI for Natural Disaster Management

Geneva: ITU (2024), viii, 14 pp.

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AI for Good: Impact Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), viii, 80 pp.

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Identifying and scaling AI startups for SDGs: ITU AI for Good Innovation Factory 2020-2024 Activities Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 42 pp.

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Global Cybersecurity Index 2024

Geneva: ITU, 5th ed. (2024), viii, 139 pp.

"The fifth edition of the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) measures the commitment of countries to cybersecurity in the context of measures across the following five pillars: legal; technical; organizational; capacity development; cooperation. The GCI, launched in 2015 by the International Telecommu ... more

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Collaborative digital regulation country review: South Africa’s digital transformation and collaborative regulation

Janet Hernandez, Jeff Bernstein

Geneva: ITU (2024), vii, 43 pp.

"As South Africa adopts reforms to further strengthen its economy across multiple sectors, this country review presents the policy, legislative, and governance frameworks that are enabling South Africa’s digital transformation. It includes a review of key institutions and collaborative digital reg ... more

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The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024
Top Insights

Cornelis P. Baldé, Ruediger Kuehr, Tales Yamamoto, Rosie McDonald, Elena D’Angelo et al.

Bonn; Geneva: United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR); ITU (2024), 148 pp.

In 2022, a record 62 billion kg of e-waste was generated globally (equivalent to an average of 7.8 kg per capita per year); 22.3 per cent of this e-waste mass was documented as formally collected and recycled in an environmentally sound manner. In 2010, the world generated 34 billion kg of e-waste, ... an amount that has since increased annually by an average of 2.3 billion kg. The documented formal collection and recycling rate has increased as well, growing from 8 billion kg in 2010 at an average rate of 0.5 billion kg per year to 13.8 billion kg in 2022. The rise in e-waste generation is therefore outpacing the rise in formal recycling by a factor of almost 5 - driven by technological progress, higher consumption, limited repair options, short product lifecycles, growing electronification and inadequate e-waste management infrastructure - and has thus outstripped the rise in formal and environmentally sound collection and recycling. The e-waste generated in 2022 contained 31 billion kg of metals, 17 billion kg of plastics and 14 billion kg of other materials (minerals, glass, composite materials, etc.) An estimated 19 billion kg of e-waste, mainly from metals like iron which is present in high quantities and has high recycling rates in almost all e-waste management routes, were turned into secondary resources. Platinum-group metals and precious metals were among the most valuable metals but present in much lower quantities; nonetheless, an estimated 300 thousand kg were turned into secondary resources through formal and informal recycling practices. The share of patent applications for e-waste management rose from 148 per million in 2010 to 787 per million in 2022. Most of those applications were related to technologies for cable recycling, with hardly any signs of an increase in the number of patents filed for technologies related to critical raw materials recovery. Although rare earth elements have unique properties that are crucial for future technologies, including renewable energy generation and e-mobility, the world remains stunningly dependent on the production chains of a few countries. The recycling of such elements remains economically challenging, even in the case of devices with a higher content. Consequently, recycling activities are taking only around 1 per cent of the current demand for the recycling of rare earth elements. The market price for rare earth elements is still too low to support larger-scale commercial recycling operations." (Executive summary, pages 12-13) more

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Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Small Island Developing States
Quick Overview

Geneva: ITU (2024), v, 33 pp.

"In this special edition of ITU's Facts and Figures series, we explore the impressive progress and ongoing obstacles SIDS encounter amid the digital revolution. On the occasion of the fourth International Conference on Small Island Developing States (SIDS4), our goal is to provide stakeholders with ... more

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Telecommunication networks and infrastructure resilience assessment in Haiti

Gregory Domond

Geneva: ITU (2024), xii, 96 pp.

[.] the report examines three pivotal areas of assessment. First, there was an evaluation of the damage to Haiti’s networks and infrastructure after the 2021 earthquake, along with the restoration of telecommunication services. Second, the assessment focused on Haiti’s country-level resilience, ... more

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Measuring the Emissions & Energy Footprint of the ICT Sector: Implications for Climate Action

Washington, DC; Geneva: World Bank; ITU (2024), vi, 45 pp.

"The objective of this report is two-fold. First, the report breaks down the energy and emissions profile of the sector and assesses the 30 highest emitting countries for telecommunications while providing global estimates for other ICT sector segments. The report uses a key framework for categorizi ... more

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Azerbaijan digital skills assessment 2023-2024

Geneva: ITU (2024), ix, 83 pp.

"The survey findings reveal that 25 per cent of those aged between 15 and 74 have at least basic digital skills, with 7.8 per cent having above basic digital skills and 17.3 per cent having basic digital skills. The study also found that over a quarter (26.5%) of respondents below the basic level of ... more

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Digital Skills Toolkit

Chris Coward, Charles Bugre

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 49 pp.

"The Digital Skills Toolkit is a guide for governments to develop national digital skills strategies. The aim is to provide governments with step-by-step guidelines and multiple examples that cover a wide range of contexts to draw upon from around the world. The toolkit is for all countries - those ... more

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Digital Agriculture: A Standards Snapshot

ITU-FAO Focus Group on AI and IoT for Digital Agriculture

Geneva: ITU (2024), xi, 14 pp.

The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024 Top Insights

Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Small Island Developing States Quick Overview

The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024
Top Insights

Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Small Island Developing States
Quick Overview