"The idea of capturing, storing and sharing knowledge so as to learn lessons from the past and from elsewhere – overcoming the boundaries posed by time and space – is far from being a new one. In recent years, a growing movement has emphasised the improved application of knowledge and learning as a means to improve development and humanitarian work. The movement has led to the widespread adoption of learning and knowledge-based strategies among the range of agencies involved in such work, including donor agencies, multilaterals, NGOs, research institutes, and the plethora of institutions based in the South, including national governments, regional organisations, and indigenous NGOs. This guide is aimed at staff working in all such organisations. There are 30 tools and techniques contained here, divided into five categories: i) Strategy Development; ii) Management Techniques; iii) Collaboration Mechanisms; iv) Knowledge Sharing and Learning Processes; and v) Knowledge Capture and Storage. Many of these tools are simple and trying them out requires nothing more than the desire to try something new, and the drive to ‘get on and do it’. Undertaking them effectively requires effective – sometimes advanced – facilitation and communication skills. Here, we have aimed to provide comprehensive accounts of how to apply such techniques, with a focus on the requirements of potential facilitators." (Introduction, p.2)
Contents
INTRODUCTION, 2
STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT
1 The Five Competencies Framework, 10
2 Knowledge Audits, 13
3 Social Network Analysis, 15
4 Most Significant Change (MSC), 17
5 Outcome Mapping, 20
6 Scenario Testing and Visioning, 22
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
7 The SECI Approach, 28
8 Blame vs Gain Behaviours, 30
9 Force Field Analysis, 32
10 Activity-based Knowledge Mapping, 34
11 Structured Innovation, 37
12 Reframing Matrix, 39
COLLABORATION MECHANISMS
13 Teams: Virtual and Face-to-Face, 42
14 Communities of Practice, 44
15 Action Learning Sets, 48
16 Six Thinking Hats, 50
17 Mind Maps, 52
18 Social Technologies, 55
KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND LEARNING
19 Stories, 58
20 Peer Assists, 60
21 Challenge Sessions, 62
22 After Action Reviews and Retrospects, 64
23 Intranet Strategies, 67
24 Email Guidelines, 70
CAPTURING AND STORING KNOWLEDGE
25 Taxonomies for Documents and Folders, 74
26 Exit Interviews, 76
27 How To Guides, 78
28 Staff Profile Pages, 80
29 Blogs, 82
30 Shared Network Drives, 85