"El libro busca visibilizar la preocupante situación que atraviesan las y los comunicadores indígenas y afrodescendientes particularmente en Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua y Venezuela. En el marco de la defensa por sus der
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echos, tierras, territorios y cultura, los trabajadores se encuentran expuestos a múltiples situaciones de violencia cotidiana [...] En un primer momento, el libro analiza la forma en que los pueblos comprenden la comunicación y en especial la comunicación ancestral indígena frente a las concepciones modernas de comunicación y un sistema de medios latinoamericano cada vez más concentrado. A su vez, plantea que la comunicación todavía es un derecho emergente, en disputa y en construcción. Si bien en muchos de los países analizados el derecho a la comunicación está reconocido explícitamente en sus constituciones, todavía falta para un pleno respeto de su ejercicio. En este marco, releva y sistematiza los instrumentos legales tanto nacionales como internacionales disponibles. Por otra parte, el trabajo demuestra la falta de información sistematizada en relación al tema y plantea que la carencia de reportes panorámicos claros es parte de la discriminación y marginación de los y las comunicadores y sus pueblos. Finalmente, proporciona una serie de recomendaciones para el fortalecimiento de una comunicación democrática y plural." (Editorial)
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"This article explores the interaction between media policy and the development of minority language media, in this case, Hakka language radio stations. It examines how media policy has been caught between neo-liberal economic development and election politics and delineates the extent to which medi
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a policy has impacted the establishment, programming and performance of minority language media, especially in the context of political democratization. This article argues that the mission to promote cultural diversity and to ‘make more voices heard’ should not fall on minority language media alone, and that the government and mainstream media ought to take the lead if this goal is to be achieved." (Abstract)
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"En este texto reflexionamos sobre la etnografía hipertextual y transmedia en términos metodológicos, éticos y teóricos. Nuestro análisis gira alrededor de la web MEDIOS INDÍGENAS que es parte de un proyecto de investigación colectivo y comparativo sobre los usos efectivos y los sentidos de
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los medios de comunicación indígenas y afroamericanos en América Latina. A partir de los conceptos de multivocalidad y multimodalidad repensamos y experimentamos con la metodología y la escritura etnográficas. Ambos conceptos tienen la potencialidad de incorporar las nociones de diferencia y jerarquía vinculadas a la idea de una pluralidad en permanente interacción. Efectivamente, el principal reto del proyecto y de la web MEDIOS INDÍGENAS es aprehender las diferencias y la heterogeneidad características de la comunicación indígena y afroamericana sin diluirlas en el momento de la escritura y la interpretación etnográficas." (Resumen)
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"This open access book outlines development theory and practice over time as well as critically interrogates the “cultural turn” in development policy in Latin American indigenous communities, specifically, in Guatemala, Honduras, Ecuador, and Bolivia. It becomes apparent that culturally sustain
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able development is both a new and old idea, which is simultaneously traditional and modern, and that it is a necessary iteration in thinking on development. This new strain of thought could inform not only the work of development practitioners, graduate students, and theorists working in the Global South, but in the Global North as well." (Publisher description)
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"El presente documento responde al desarrollo de la iniciativa de formular un módulo sobre los pueblos étnicos en Colombia desde la perspectiva de los derechos territoriales, teniendo en cuenta los instrumentos jurídicos más relevantes y elementos del contexto histórico en el que se han produci
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do. Este esfuerzo busca motivar una intervención jurídicamente informada y socialmente sensible a la gestión de conflictos por la tierra de cuyo abordaje depende la protección de la vida, la integridad y la pervivencia física y cultural, presente y futura de los pueblos y comunidades étnicas de Colombia. Además, busca promover herramientas y reflexiones para actuar en contextos territoriales concretos, poniendo énfasis en los retos y aprendizajes surgidos del proceso de restitutción de derechos territoriales." (Cubierta del libro)
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"Ich träume von einem Amazonien, das für die Rechte der Ärmsten, der ursprünglichen (autochthonen) Völker, der Geringsten kämpft, wo ihre Stimme gehört und ihre Würde gefördert wird. Ich träume von einem Amazonien, das seinen charakteristischen kulturellen Reichtum bewahrt, wo auf so unter
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schiedliche Weise die Schönheit der Menschheit erstrahlt. Ich träume von einem Amazonien, das die überwältigende Schönheit der Natur, die sein Schmuck ist, eifersüchtig hütet, das überbordende Leben, das seine Flüsse und Wälder erfüllt. Ich träume von christlichen Gemeinschaften, die in Amazonien sich dermaßen einzusetzen und Fleisch und Blut anzunehmen vermögen, dass sie der Kirche neue Gesichter mit amazonischen Zügen schenken." (Seite 7)
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"Indigenous Peoples have been excluded from accessing media for many reasons, including their geographic location, languages, and legal barriers. Indigenous Peoples living in isolated areas have little physical access tu urban-centred media. Similarly, a lack of awareness of human rights, freedoms,
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and the right to access information on State and municipal services contributes to obstacles. Indigenous journalists work in difficult conditions in remote areas, and are often the only mediums informing their communities on rights violations and cultural, environmental, and social issues, which would otherwise be ignored by other media sources. Although all journalists face similar threats, it is often indigenous journalists and communicators who are most impacted, as in most cases they work in informal settings in rural areas that are inaccessible to the mainstream media and even to government officials. They often lack access to protection mechanisms and justice. Indigenous journalists are generally not formally recognized as journalists because they do not have formal university training or they are not affiliated with a major press or news agency. This additional safety risk often goes unreported and is overlooked by both government and international agencies. In this regard, the Indigenous Media and Communication Caucus conducted and published this study in order to better understand the status of indigenous media globally, and to bring the problems faced by indigenous communit media broadcasts to a larger audience. The aim is for this study to be the basis of international advocacy in international forums, including the United Nations. This report will also be helpful in advocating for the right to freedom of expression within legal frameworks, as well as in advocating for better laws and policies to access community or non-commercial radio frequencies." (About htis report, page 5)
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"This research aims at finding the current state of (open) voice datasets in Indian languages, including information about their volume, quality, mode of collection, and availability. The present research also explores the challenges for the creation and maintenance of open voice datasets in India.
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The report makes practice-oriented recommendations for future sustainable voice data collection based on both extensive desk research and expert interviews."
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"Comprised of 31 chapters authored by some of the world's leading experts in their respective fields, the book's contributors synthesize existing literature, introduce the historical and conceptual dimensions of the field, illustrate innovative methodologies and techniques, survey traditional and ne
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w technologies, reflect on ethics and moral imperatives, outline ways to work with people, objects, and tools, and shape the future agenda of the field. With a particular focus on making ethnographic film and video, as opposed to analysing or critiquing it, from a variety of methodological approaches and styles, the handbook provides both a comprehensive introduction and up-to-date survey of the field for a vast variety of audio-visual researchers, such as scholars and students in sociology, anthropology, geography, communication and media studies, education, cultural studies, film studies, visual arts and related social science and humanities. As such, it will appeal to a multidisciplinary and international audience, and features a dynamic, forward-thinking, innovative, and contemporary focus oriented toward the very latest developments in the field, as well as future possibilities." (Publisher description)
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"This study focuses on the impact of social media towards conserving African languages, particularly Sepedi, Tshivenda and Xitsonga. Social media are given attention to explore their impact in conserving African languages amongst youth. Youth is a suitable group to focus on as they are the future an
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d are thus expected to carry their African languages and pass them on to succeeding generations. This exercise should be done to ensure that African languages should not face extinction in the future. Generally, youth are constant users of social media platforms, hence it is cardinal to investigate their language-usage patterns on social media platforms. The majority of the African youth in South Africa use either one or more of the nine (9) indigenous African languages that are official, namely, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga. Therefore, one would expect speakers of these indigenous African languages to effectively use them on social media, particularly, Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp. African language heritage is undoubtedly a valuable resource, however, it needs state resources to develop it further and establish it as a core economic driver on various media platforms. The study employs exploratory and descriptive designs. These designs are appropriate for this study because it permits data to be collected through observations, focus group interviews and questionnaires. Focus group interviews, observations, and questionnaires were used to collect data. Focus group is a data-collection tool for understanding people’s behaviour and attitudes. The researcher moderated three focus groups. One hundred (100) questionnaires were distributed to the participants in this study. These tools are apt for the data-collection process in this study because they assist to discover factors that influence opinions, attitudes, and behaviours. Social media have great potential to conserve the African languages but the speakers of these languages should play a cardinal role in this process. Majority of the youth do not prefer to use the African languages on social media. Conversations on both Facebook and Twitter are dominated by English as youth prefer it ahead of Sepedi, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga. In contrast, youth prefer to use the African languages on WhatsApp because they know their contacts. However, code-switching is used a lot by youth on social media. Despite the fact that Sepedi, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga are not mostly used on Facebook and Twitter they remain relevant and useful amongst their speakers on a daily basis. Nevertheless, there is a need to develop the African languages based social media sites to stimulate their usage on these platforms. Additionally, these languages should be developed to fit the needs of social media." (Abstract)
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"A systematic literature review was conducted to consolidate peer-reviewed research on the communication of environmental health risks with Indigenous populations. The comprehensive literature review procedures included searching databases and key journals that represented various fields in communic
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ation, environmental health, and Indigenous studies. The review yielded a total of 4,469 potential articles and a total of 13 of these manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. The 13 articles were analyzed to identify lessons learned for effective risk communication. Factors that influence successful risk communication strategies with Indigenous populations on this topic include: (1) developing messages that are congruent with the populations’ cultural beliefs and understanding of the environment; (2) including Indigenous populations in message design and delivery; (3) using credible and trustworthy spokespeople in message delivery; (4) identifying and utilizing effective communication materials and channels; and (5) ensuring that messages are understandable to the target audience. Gaps in the literature include the lack of longitudinal studies that empirically measure changes in perception, awareness and behavior, as well as a general lack of theory-based research. Results from this review provide directions for future work to help guide the development of more effective health risk communication research and strategies with Indigenous populations." (Abstract)
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"Este artículo reflexiona sobre la reivindicación de una perspectiva amazónica de los Kukama Kukamiria expresada en las narraciones audiovisuales que Radio Ucamara realiza en esta región, principalmente en dos perspectivas: la temática regional e indígena como respuesta a las temáticas de los
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grandes medios nacionales, y la recuperación de la memoria y las historias de cada miembro de este pueblo indígena. A partir de una elección aleatoria, se analizaron tres videos de radio Ucamara —uno de cada categoría en la que clasificamos sus producciones—, los cuales fueron difundidos por su canal de YouTube durante el 2015 y 2016: un video musical titulado Parana (“río” en lengua Kukama Kukamiria), el video testimonial de abuelos y vecinos llamado Las Muyunas, y un reportaje realizado tras un nuevo derrame de petróleo causado por Petroperú en la comunidad nativa de Monterrico (Loreto). Los tres videos permiten notar las formas en la que las cosmologías amazónicas permiten la interacción e intercomprensión de los espacios de vida del mundo Kukama, en la medida en que los acontecimientos diarios ocurren en este mundo (por ejemplo, el derrame de petróleo) y en los otros mundos (las ciudades que existen debajo del agua, los humanos y los no-humanos, las muyunas, entre otras), con afectaciones a ambos espacios (denunciado por los jóvenes y los niños en “Parana”)." (Resumen)
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"In this chapter I explore the challenge of gaining access, and remaining independent, in an ethnic state where you are expected to be on one side of the conflict or on the other. For decades the military junta restricted access to information and wielded a powerful propaganda strategy. This has had
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a long-lasting impact. There is a massive communication gap between the Burman lowlands and the ethnic states, characterized by historic misunderstandings and misinformation, especially now that social media platforms are the primary way to share information. This has both caused and perpetuated intercommunal conflict between Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims. Information is a power and a weapon, with all sides distorting and exaggerating it. It is hard to trust what people say and to do accurate media coverage. Even the words you use to describe northern Rakhine and the Rohingya are highly sensitive. The fact that the military has closed off a large area in the north of the state where the Rohingya historically lived makes access and understanding all the more difficult. In this chapter I use my own experiences doing fieldwork, conducting interviews and building trust to explore identity and language politics in Rakhine State and to explain the challenges of getting to the truth." (Pages 229-230)
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"In this chapter I explore the challenging move from the borderlands and the growth of the media sector inside the ethnic states. The outlets launched inside now outnumber those that have moved inside. BNI's members - now totalling fourteen - are also in the minority. Yet in many ways it is Burma Ne
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ws International (BNI) and its members that have put ethnic media on the map inside Myanmar, and their struggles say much about the sector." (Page 211)
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"Applying Indigenous Research Methods focuses on the question of “How” Indigenous Research Methodologies (IRMs) can be used and taught across Indigenous studies and education. In this collection, Indigenous scholars address the importance of IRMs in their own scholarship, while focusing conversa
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tions on the application with others. Each chapter is co-authored to model methods rooted in the sharing of stories to strengthen relationships, such as yarning, storywork, and others. The chapters offer a wealth of specific examples, as told by researchers about their research methods in conversation with other scholars, teachers, and community members." (Publisher description)
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