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UNESCO
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Press
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Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
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Humanitarian Law
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Ethics in Media & Communication
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Media, Mass Media
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Internet Governance, Internet Policies
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Media Law & Regulation: Muslim Countries
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Press Law & Regulation
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World Information and Communication Order
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Radio
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Copyright: Music
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Information Society
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Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
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Council of Europe
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Television Policies
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Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
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Open Source Software
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Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
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Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
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Copyright: Films
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Legal Threats to Media Freedom
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Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
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Government Communication Strategies
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Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
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Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
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War Reporting
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Music Industries & Markets
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Television Markets
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Political Economy of Media
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Globalisation of Media
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Satellite Television
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Journalists
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Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
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MDDA - Media Develoment and Diversity Agency (South Africa)
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Press Landscapes
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Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
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National Security Legislation
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Financing Public Service Media
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Public & State Television
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Civil Society
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Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
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Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
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Community Television
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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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Codes of Journalistic Ethics
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Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
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Female Journalists & Media Workers
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Good Practice Examples
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Mercosur
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Investigative Journalism
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Media Assistance
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Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
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Radio Landscapes
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Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
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Media Regulation Practices
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Accountability & Transparency
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Corruption & Combating Corruption
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Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
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Advertising Law & Regulation
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Media Advocacy, Media Activism
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Book Markets & Industries
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Child Protection, Protection of Minors
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Film Industries
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Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
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Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
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Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
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Strategic Communication Planning
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Community Media
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Community Radio Setting-Up
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Community Television Policies & Regulation
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Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
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Development and Media
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Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
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Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
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Software Industries
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Racism in Communication & Media
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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
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Media Markets
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Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
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History of the Press
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International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
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United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
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Legal Status of Journalists
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Election Reporting
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Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
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Local Communication & Media
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Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
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Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
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Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
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Media Democratization
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Television Landscapes
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Right to Reply, Right of Recitification
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Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
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Theories of Change
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Digital Switchover
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Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
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Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
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Advertising
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Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
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Media Use, Media Consumption
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Book Rights, Publishing Contracts, Licenses
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Film Markets
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Data Protection: Law & Regulation
2
Copyright: Software
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Patents
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Performing Rights
2
Recording Rights
2
Reprint Rights
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Translation Rights
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World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
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Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
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Self-Censorship
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State Influence on the Media
2
Right to be Forgotten
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Alternative Communication & Media
2
Community Radio Contents & Programming
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Community Radio & Gender
2
Community Radio Management
2
Terrorism
2
Conflicts and Media
2
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Cultural Diversity
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Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
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Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
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Convergence of Media
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Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
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Economics of Media
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Informal Sector, Informal Economy
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Radio Markets
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Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
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Press Councils
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Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
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Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
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Indigenous Communication
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Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
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International News Flow
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United Nations (UN)
2
Financing Journalism
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Journalism Education & Training
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Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
2
Television News
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Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Language Policies
2
Linguistic Diversity
2
Minority Languages
2
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
2
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
2
Media Development Indicators
2
Communication & Information Needs
2
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
2
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
2
Child Protection: Legislation & Regulation
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Civil Rights
2
Customary Law
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Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
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Human Rights Violations
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Judiciary & Penal System
2
Media Complaints / Sanctions Procedures
2
Religious Freedom
2
Transitional Justice
2
Financing Press & Print Media
2
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
2
Democratization
2
Influence of Media on Politics
2
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
2
Public Spheres
2
Newspapers
2
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
2
Commercial Radios
2
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
2
Social Aspects
2
Digital Radio
2
Telecommunications
2
Commercial Television
2
Television Channels
2
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
2
Flow of Information
1
Advertising Markets & Industries
1
Radio Advertising
1
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
1
Advocacy
1
Lobbying
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Media Use: Urban Populations
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
1
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
1
Campaigning
1
Political Campaigns
1
Catholic Radios
1
Children and Media
1
Children's Television Programmes
1
Christian Communication
1
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD)
1
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
1
Liberation Theologies
1
Cinema
1
Film Financing
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Copyright: Photos & Illustrations
1
Digital Rights Management
1
TRIPS (Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property)
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Community Communication
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Radio Associations & Networks
1
Foro Argentino de Radios Comunitarias (FARCO)
1
Community Radio Governance & Ownership
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Participatory Communication
1
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
1
Holocaust
1
Civil Wars
1
War Crimes
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Media Criticism
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Popular Art, Folk Art, Handicrafts
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Culture (General)
1
Traditional Cultures
1
Development Assistance
1
Democracy Assistance
1
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
1
International Development Cooperation
1
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Spam & Scam
1
ICANN
1
Internet
1
Multimedia Products & Production
1
Online Communication
1
Political Blogging
1
Financing Digital / Online Media
1
Open Access Publishing
1
Search Engines
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
ICT Effects & Impact
1
ICT Regulation
1
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
1
Ethnic / Minority Television Programmes
1
Minority Rights
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Libraries
1
Commercial Broadcasting
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Press Distribution
1
Television Industries
1
Media Market Transparency
1
Press Markets
1
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
1
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
1
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
1
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
1
Market Liberalization, Economic Liberalization
1
Neoliberalism
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Taxes
1
Curricula: School Education
1
Instructional Media & Teaching Materials
1
Open Educational Resources (OER)
1
Training
1
Sports Reporting
1
Environmental Communication
1
Biodiversity Communication
1
Extractive Industries & Mining Reporting
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Countering Defamation & Harassment
1
Editorial Guidelines
1
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
1
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Bias in News Media
1
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
1
Food, Food Security, Nutrition
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
1
Tobacco Counter-Marketing, Smoking Cessation Campaigning, Nicotine Addiction Reporting
1
Colonial Legacies
1
History (General)
1
History of Telecommunication
1
History of Television
1
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
1
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Indigenous Rights, Indigenous Jurisdiction & Customary Law
1
Public Funding & Support Policies: Indigenous Communication
1
Intercultural Dialogue
1
European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
1
International Press Institute (IPI)
1
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
1
Transnational Television, International Television
1
Global Governance
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
1
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
1
Radio Journalism Education
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalistic Research Methods
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
News Agencies
1
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Reporting
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
Local Television
1
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
1
Media Assistance Donors: Multilateral Organizations
1
Netherlands: Media Assistance
1
Communication
1
Communication Systems
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
1
Dissemination of Information
1
Information Exchange
1
Social Communication
1
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
1
Media Privatization
1
Radio Policies
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Media System Analyses & Typologies
1
Socialist Media Systems
1
Accreditation of Journalists
1
Consumer Protection
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Media Content Regulation
1
Nationalisation of Media
1
Rule of Law
1
Broadcasting Companies
1
Organisational & Governing Structures of Media
1
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
1
Media Outlets, Media Associations
1
Asociación de Radios y Programas Participativos de El Salvador (ARPAS)
1
PRISA (Spain)
1
Music
1
Music Videos
1
Pop Music
1
Radio Music
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Politics
1
Governance
1
Government
1
Capitalism
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Public Interest
1
Agenda Setting
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Propaganda
1
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
1
Yellow Press
1
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
1
Project Design, Project Planning
1
Public & State Radios
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Radio Networks
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Radio Engineering & Technologies
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Media Effects
1
Oppression
1
Manipulation
1
Confucianism
1
Hinduism and Communication
1
Islam and Communication
1
Judaism and Communication
1
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
1
Research in Media & Communication
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Research Methods
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Indicators & Indices
1
Freedom of the Press Index (Freedom House)
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Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
1
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
1
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
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Society
1
Civic Coalitions
1
Apartheid
1
Participation
1
Social Justice
1
Society & Media, Media Sociology
1
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
1
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Satellite Communication Technologies
1
Satellites
1
Software
1
Television Engineering & Technologies
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Pay TV, Pay Television
1
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
1
Television Programmes & Genres
1
Cultural Television Programmes
1
Non-Western Communication Approaches
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Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Massenkommunikation in Brasilien: Regulierung und Praxis
Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang (2013), xxxv, 404 pp.
"Dem Klappentext zufolge will diese juristische Dissertationsschrift eine interdisziplinäre "Pionierarbeit, die das brasilianische Medienrecht als solches darlegt und mit der Realität seiner Umsetzung konfrontiert", sein. Im ersten Teil (95 Seiten) stellt die Autorin die Medienlandschaft, ihre Ent
...
"I have been asked by the Council of Europe Steering Committee on Media and Information Society (CDMSI) for a paper setting out the principles that can be drawn from the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (“the Court”) relating to the protection and safety of journalists and journali
...
Transformations in Egyptian Journalism
London; Oxford: Tauris; Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2013), xviii, 109 pp.
"Egypt’s revolutionary uprising in 2011 raised important questions about the kind of journalism that would be viable in the country’s changing political dynamics. Suddenly the output of bloggers, online radio and social media news operations, which had all formed part of the groundswell of actio
...
The Protection of Journalists in Armed Conflicts: How Can They Be Better Safeguarded?
International and European Law, volume 29, issue 76 (2013), pp. 4-22
"The years 2011 and 2012 were among the most deadly for journalists reporting from conflict situations worldwide. The numbers of assaults, arrests and attacks have been on a constant rise and portray a dramatic image of the journalistic profession. In light of the increasing threats in armed conflic
...
Freedom of Expression Toolkit
Paris: UNESCO (2013), 83 pp.
"The Freedom of Expression Toolkit is UNESCO’s contribution to freedom of expression and it is written with upper high school students in mind. The Toolkit covers the major concepts and issues and it is written in an easy to understand, conversational manner [...] Overall, the Toolkit consists of
...
Journalists as a Protected Category: A New Status for the Media in International Humanitarian Law
UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, volume 17 (2013), pp. 215-250
"The nature of modern warfare has vastly changed the role of journalists in conflict and, therefore, the reliability of the protections afforded to them. Countries such as the United States have interpreted international humanitarian law in such a way that leaves journalists vulnerable to targeting
...
Somalia: Media Law in the Absence of a State
International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics, volume 8, issue 2-3 (2013), pp. 159-174
"Somalia is often described as ‘lawless’ or ‘the world’s most failed state’, a characterization that overlooks the way law and governance actually works in the absence of a capable central government. This article will explore the role of xeer law, or customary law, in regulating media, in
...
Government Secrecy in an Information Age: 2013 Report on Open & Secretive Public Institutions in Southern Africa
Windhoek: Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA); Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2013), 130 pp.
"This study carried out between May and June 2013, seeks to establish levels of transparency in public institution in Southern Africa. The study in currently in its fourth year, and findings highlight the difficulties faced by Southern African when trying to seek, access and receive information from
...
Digital Plans and Reality: Switchover in Russia and Other CIS Countries
IRIS Plus
"The advent of digital television has accelerated the elaboration of regulation and related processes in the countries of the region. Some countries adopted changes in their broadcasting statutes (Ukraine in 2006; Armenia in 2008 and 2010; Kazakhstan in 2012) or their mass media statute (Russia in 2
...
"The Report builds upon two main directives: on the one hand, it tries to bring together the best practices at the international and comparative level, in an attempt to offer guidance on which policy and regulatory toolkits have already proved successful in achieving longterm goals of economic effic
...
Soft Censorship: Strangling Serbia’s Media
Paris: World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA) (2013), 29 pp.
"The mechanisms of state media funding in Serbia are used as indirect, and usually not easily visible, “soft censorship.” Soft censorship is used to promote positive coverage of - and to punish media outlets that criticize - officials or their actions. State funding of media is unregulated, unmo
...
Routledge Handbook of Media Law
London; New York: Routledge (2013), xvi, 594 pp.
"Featuring specially commissioned chapters from experts in the field of media and communications law, this book provides an authoritative survey of media law from a comparative perspective.The handbook does not simply offer a synopsis of the state of affairs in media law jurisprudence, rather it pro
...
Analysing How Law Shapes Journalism in Central and Eastern Europe: The Case of the 2008 Slovak Press Act
Global Media and Communication, volume 9, issue 3 (2013), pp. 197-217
"This article investigates the operation of the contested reply and correction provisions of the 2008 Slovak Press Act and their influence on journalism. I argue that apart from the ‘law-on-the-books’, we need to examine the interactions between the media, policymakers and judges in order to exp
...
Protecting the Right to Life of Journalists: The Need for a Higher Level of Engagement
Human Rights Quarterly, volume 35, issue 2 (2013), pp. 304-332
"Journalists play a central role in fostering a society based on the open discussion of facts and the pursuit of the truth, as opposed to one based on rumor, prejudice, and the naked exercise of power. As a result, journalists are often literally in the line of fire and deserve special protection. T
...
Mapping Media Policy in Indonesia
Jakarta: Centre for Innovation Policy and Governance (CIPG); Hivos (2013), xv, 137 pp.
"The aim of this research is to highlight the trajectory of media policy in Indonesia and to assess its impacts on the different forms of media themselves and on the citizens and their rights, particularly with regards to their media rights. Such rights, in this study, are referred to as the right t
...
"Quel que soit le pays ou le continent considéré, une interdépendance étroite existe aujourd’hui entre démocratie, liberté des médias et régulation de la communication. Une place cruciale revient en effet aux organes de régulation dans la procédure d’allocation de fréquences d’émis
...
El mundo de la radiodifusión en Costa Rica: Lo que dice la ley y lo que sucede en realidad
San José (CR): Red de Medios e Iniciativas de Comunicación Alternativa (RED MICA); Voces Nuestras; Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung (2013), 45 pp.
"El estudio hace un recorrido por la obsoleta y contradictoria legislación nacional en esta materia, luego se repasan los conceptos que describen la naturaleza de los distintos tipos de radio que existen en el país y posteriormente se describe la manera en que se está utilizando el espectro radio
...
Media Laws and Regulations of the GCC Countries: Summary, Analysis and Recommendations
Doha: Doha Centre for Media Freedom (2013), 73 pp.
"This report represents an effort to help with the process of evaluating media laws in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. As governments consider what policies to set up to deal with new realities, this research should help provide an understanding of the current landscape. When examining
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