"Based on a year's research from within a Brazilian slum, this study follows a series of unemployed women who watch up to six hours of telenovelas a day, often in the midst of arduous physical labour in the home. The women suffer in relation to their bodies, but simultaneously invest in a masochisti...c glorification of suffering that links their lives to the soap operas, revealing disturbing valuations of the female body that traverse reality and fiction. Through its exploration of this daily integration of real suffering and fictional glamour and wealth, 'Body Parts on Planet Slum' reveals how fantasy and social exclusion can together induce a form of psychological survivalism, enabling these women to reconfigure the central features of their existence – their suffering, pleasure, sexuality and embodiment." (Publisher)
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"This essay analyses the role of audience research as a change agent in media development interventions in Afghanistan. It analyses how audience research in transnational contexts involves a complex set of intercultural negotiations and translations that contribute to the enduring relevance and sust...ainability of the highly popular Afghan radio soap opera New Home, New Life. This is a ‘development drama’ that has been broadcast across Afghanistan since 1993. It is based on BBC Radio 4’s The Archers and produced by BBC Afghan Education Projects (BBC AEP). Audience research has been vital to forging a dynamic relationship between the creative teams who make the drama, the donors who pay for it, and the audiences who consume it. The article addresses three broad themes. First, we outline how data gathered in formative audience research, prior to the creation of the drama, provides the creative team with the dramatic raw material for the radio serial. The extensive qualitative data gathered by Afghan researchers in local milieux is translated so as to enable culturally diverse teams of writers and producers to ground the serial narratives in the lived experiences of its audiences, and to introduce multiple local perspectives on development issues. Second, we show how evaluative audience research, data gathered in the postproduction phase, plays a key role in providing critical audience interpretations of New Home, New Life’s dramatic themes. In so doing, it creates feedback loops that allow audiences to become active participants in the ongoing creation of the drama. The research designs and devices, developed over the last two decades to document the changing life-worlds of Afghan citizens-cum-audiences, are part of an ongoing set of transcultural encounters that contribute to strengthening the social realist appeal of the drama and to calibrating how far any given storyline can be pushed in terms of cultural propriety. Third, we examine how during periods of military conflict, when routine audience research becomes dangerous or impossible and audience feedback loops are disrupted, the writers and producers have to rely on their own personal and political experiences, often with unpredictable ideological consequences. We draw attention to the limitations and challenges of making dramas for development in highly charged politicised and postcolonial contexts. While, development dramas may be a cheap and effective way of dealing with certain informational needs, such as landmine awareness, they cannot redress social and structural inequalities or, as Western donors wish, eradicate opium cultivation." (Abstract)
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"Esta investigación aporta a la comprensión del contexto histórico-social de la construcción del cine documental en Ecuador desde una visión que valora y entiende al cine documental como parte de la cultura visual ecuatoriana, el mundo de las imágenes, su vida social y las representaciones que... éstas originan. La principal contribución radica en encaminar una comprensión crítica sobre la mirada que el Ecuador, como nación, construye sobre sí mismo, pues, mediante la interpretación de la representación de “lo indígena” se advierte a partir de qué visión están construyendo el mundo los hacedores de éstas imágenes, qué tipo de visión del mundo proponen esas imágenes y qué nociones sobre identidad están siendo discutidas o cuestionadas en este campo." (Editorial)
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"While the scholarship on communication theory has evolved over many years in Africa it is still work in progress. This discourse has been anchored in society's cultural milieu. The import of this is that the debate has evolved without incorporating the realities of Africa. Consequently, theories of... communication and of the mass media are an ill fit on the continent. As communication scholarship in Africa matures, it requires examining how the realities of the continent can contribute to the development of a theory that best matches this environment. Some of these realities include the evolution of African governance, its culture, and the progression of communication as a discipline. While this article does not make the leap to propose what such a theory would look like, it seeks to raise some of these realities as a starting point for further discussion." (Abstract)
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"Based on the study estimates, the total contribution of CBIs to the Bhutanese economy in 2008 was 5.5% of GDP or Nu.3,009 million; 10.1% of total employment or 25,215 persons; 4.0% of total exports or Nu. 912.4 million; 6.9% of total imports or Nu.1,604.8 million. The contribution of CBIs to GDP wa...s only Nu. 648.8 million or 2.8% in 2001, but it increased almost fivefold by 2008. In other words, CBIs grew at a rapid pace of about 21.3% per annum, outperforming the national economy, which grew at 9.0% during the period. Interestingly, each of four CBI groups surpassed the national growth rate during this period. The core and interdependent CBIs grew the fastest at 123% per annum, followed by the non-dedicated support industries at 14.5%. The high rate of growth of core CBIs during this period is due to the low base of growth. Prior to the year 2000, the main core CBIs such as printing press, literature, films, TV and cable TV, IT and IT-enabled services hardly existed. Their significant growth took place only after the year 2000. Given the unique structure of the Bhutanese economy and the differing growth among CBI groups, the partial CBIs are relatively more significant in Bhutan. The core and partial CBIs accounted for an overwhelming 75% of the total CBI share of GDP in 2008. This is because many of the core and partial CBIs flourished due to economic liberalisation, which became more systemic, especially after 2005. This is also due to the promotion of cultural tourism. The core CBIs accounted for about 34%, partial contributed 41%, non-dedicated support industries accounted for 14%, and the interdependent CBIs 11% of the total value added of CBIs. The relatively small share of the interdependent CBIs is due to the weak manufacturing base in Bhutan." (Executive summary, p.5-6)
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"El presente texto es una aproximación básica a distintas cuestiones de la producción de radio que son necesarias para comenzar. No aspira a ser un manual de uso, de esos que tienen pasos a seguir para lograr el éxito, sino todo lo contrario: aspira a ser un texto de guía basado en conocimiento...s obtenidos por la experiencia. Y cada experiencia, al ser distinta, puede generar distintos conocimientos. Por eso, en este texto se encontrarán algunas claves, algunos consejos, y la mención de algunos puntos a tener en cuenta, como para saber de su existencia, poder adentrarse en ellos y, sobre todo, animarse a investigar, intentar, equivocarse y encontrar las formas y estilos propios para encarar una producción radiofónica. Nos manejaremos otorgando conceptos habituales, herramientas útiles, caminos posibles. Hablaremos tanto sobre generalidades de la radio, sus formatos, sus características y posibilidades, la importancia de la radio social, como así también sobre claves para la producción, el guión, la edición y la difusión de contenidos. La intención es brindar herramientas para la producción independiente." (Introducción, p.7)
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"This book is the result of several years of observation, analysis, consultation and synthesis of the adaptation of ict s to local languages in Africa. The goal of the Pan Africa Localization project led by Don Osborn was to closely track the progress of ict s in African languages and clearly identi...fy the priorities that the Pan African Network for Localization (anloc) will pursue in its work plan. This book is a revised version of the project’s final report. By collecting and compiling all the data presented in this book, Don has helped establish anloc’s research network and has provided an accurate picture of ict localisation in Africa. This publication will thus be useful for decision-makers intending to develop a language policy, developers working on language processing, researchers in the area of languages and information technologies, donor agencies that fund projects to support local languages, and ict users wanting to use these technologies in their local language." (Foreword, p.x)
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"This is the 'concise edition' of 'The Guide to Researching Audiences'. It is a shorter version of the main Guide, designed to provide an easily accessible summary of the key principles of audience research and some practical information. The full version of the Guide contains more detailed informat...ion than this concise edition, but they are laid out in exactly the same way to make it easy for you to follow ... The Guide sets out the basic principles of audience research. These can be followed regardless of the type of service or audience, and will help you to conduct audience research more effectively (better results) and efficiently (lower effort), with fewer problems and unforeseen complications. They provide the building blocks to enable you to design, conduct and apply your own audience analysis research. What this Guide will not provide you with is a ready-made audience analysis programme specifically designed for your service." (Introduction)
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"News stories provide an essential confirmation of our ideas about who we are, what we have to fear, and what to do about it: a marketplace of ideas, shopped by rational citizen decision makers but also a shared resource for grounding our contested narratives of identity in objective reality. News a...s a fundamental social process comes into being not when an event takes place or when a report of the event is created but when that report becomes news to someone. As it moves off the page into the community, news discovers - through its interpretations - its reality in the lives of the consumers. This book explores the path of news as it moves through the tangled labyrinth of social identities and asserted interests that lie beyond the page or screen. The language and communication-oriented study of news promises a salient area of investigation, pointing the way to an expansion, if not a redefinition of basic anthropological ideas and practices of ethnography, participant observation, and “the field” in the future of anthropological research." (Publisher)
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"FUNREDES and Union Latine have designed an original research method to measure linguistic diversity in cyberspace. The aim was to use search engines and a sample of word-concepts to measure the proportionate presence of these concepts in their various linguistic equivalences (in Latin languages, En...glish and German) in cyberspace. The research, undertaken from 1996 to 2008, has enabled interesting indicators to be built in order to measure linguistic diversity. Additionally, some basic evaluations of the cultural projections associated with these languages (mentioned above) were undertaken. This paper describes the research method and its results, advantages and limitations. It also provides an overview of existing alternative methods and results, for comparison. The paper concludes with the examination of different perspectives in a field which have in the past been considered to have been characterized by a lack of scientific rigor. This has led to some misinformation about the dominant presence of English on the Web. It is a topic that is only now slowly attracting due attention from international organizations and the academic world." (Abstract, p.V)
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"'Radio Journalism' combines an awareness of theory and practice in order to explore what makes radio reporting distinctive, and demonstrates its continuing importance in the news landscape." (Publisher)
"This book is about the many ways in which mobile phones are being appropriated by Africans and how they are transforming and are being transformed by society in Africa. A case study from Karthoum (Sudan) shows, how mobile phones are reshaping relationships in a Muslim society, where they enable wom...en to organize their lives more independently. In Cameroon, the mobile allows traditional healers to assist sick people who are originally from their area but are now far away, sometimes even in Europe or the USA. Another study from Burkina Faso highlights the growing importance of text messaging - as contrary to the overstated orality both of African societies and of the mobile phone. The nine chapters in this volume all show aspects of an emerging mobile culture, be it the linkage between the rural and the urban in Burkina Faso, the youth in Ghana or traders in Tanzania. In all of these, the authors observe a reshaping of social and economic hierarchies in society. Based on the illustrative case studies and its multi-dimensional approach this book is highly recommended reading." (CAMECO Update 3-2009)
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"This Historical Dictionary of Journalism shows both sides of the picture. The dictionary presents entries on some of the finest newspapers as well as those of lesser repute, many exceptional journalists as well as others the profession would rather forget, major advances such as investigative repor...ting and more questionable practices such as yellow journalism, and important topics like censorship and the continuing struggle for freedom of the press. It covers a long period of time, from the very first practitioners whose news was often sung to the most recent whose news appears in a computerized format. Last but not least, it traces the history of journalism in a large number of countries in a lengthy chronology and then an introduction, which analyzes individual developments thematically, showing how the discursive practices of journalism have evolved within a larger political, economic, and cultural context." (Editor's foreword)
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"This guide has been written for people in the UK public sector delivering online digital services who wish to research their audiences. Although it is focused on online digital services, it will also be useful for researching audiences reached via other channels. It is primarily aimed at non-expert...s who do not have market research skills themselves, and who do not have access to dedicated market research teams. It is therefore likely to be most useful for people in small organisations / services, or those conducting small projects in larger organisations. It may also be useful for people procuring services who want to know what guidelines to provide, and for those setting policies." (Introduction, p.6)
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"This World Bank study discusses secondary textbook and school library availability in Africa, its cost and financing, and its distribution and publishing. The study’s objective was to analyze the issues and provide some options and strategies for improvement. Reforms are urgently required in the ...secondary school systems of most African countries in order to: (i) reduce the number of textbooks and reference books required by secondary education curricula; (ii) reduce the unit costs of textbooks; (iii) increase the target book life thus increasing cost amortization and reducing annual textbook fees/budgets; (iv) increase the financing allocated to textbook provision from either government or parents, and (v) ensure that curricula change does not make expensive materials redundant too early or too often. The authors of the study believe that if a reliable market exists local publishing can develop to service it, even in direct competition with multinationals; and that the market does not necessarily have to be large, but that the critical factor is predictability. If publishers are confident that funding will be available, from whatever source, year after year, then local publishing will emerge to serve that market. This, it is argued, is perhaps most clearly demonstrated in Botswana where a tiny but reliable and reasonably predictable secondary school sector has five competing approved textbooks in some secondary subjects." (Hans M. Zell, Publishing, Books & Reading in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3d ed. 2008, nr. 2556)
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"A través de experiencias, protocolos, estrategias y bibliografía (especialmente accesos web) este libro permite echar un vistazo a la realidad de las bibliotecas destinadas a las poblaciones aborígenes de las islas de Oceanía, las cuales poseen algunos de los estándares más avanzados en esta ...categoría de unidades de información." (edgardocivallero.com)
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"Although corruption has always been a quietly recognized aspect of development aid programs, the taboo against openly discussing it is only now being widely overcome. Georg Cremer systematically addresses the subject, exploring the nature and impact of corruption, the conditions under which it is m...ost likely to take hold, and the strategies that can enable aid organizations, both NGO's and those in the state sector, to limit the risk. This is a systematic study of the nature and impact of corruption in development aid programs, the conditions under which it is most likely to take hold, and the strategies that can enable aid organizations to limit the risk." (Back cover)
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