Media Development
Subject areas
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15452
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Topics
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1051
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
995
Media Law & Regulation
830
Community Radios
660
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
527
Journalism
438
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
432
Media Assistance
430
Journalism Education & Training
425
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
340
Media & Communication Policies
323
Democracy / Democratization and Media
318
Politics and Media
307
Press Landscapes
303
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
294
Female Journalists & Media Workers
294
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
280
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
278
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
266
Freedom of Expression
240
Journalism Ethics
237
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
235
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
226
Television
224
Election Reporting
218
Public Service Broadcasting
217
War Reporting
214
Radio Landscapes
214
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
205
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
202
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
201
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
199
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
195
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
182
Investigative Journalism
182
Censorship
181
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
178
Journalistic Quality
177
Alternative Communication & Media
174
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
169
Television Landscapes
168
Radio
168
Ethics in Media & Communication
167
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
167
News Agencies
166
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
165
Associations & Networks of Journalists
164
Public Media, State Media
163
Media / Communication Control
161
Media Ownership
159
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
157
Media, Mass Media
152
Political Transition and Media
150
Press
150
Political Communication
144
Government Communication Strategies
139
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
139
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
139
COVID-19 Communication
137
Newspapers
137
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
133
Election Campaigns
130
Research in Media & Communication
128
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
126
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
126
Conflicts and Media
125
Audiences & Users
123
Communication Rights
123
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
123
Non-Western Communication Approaches
123
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
120
Social Media
118
Media Concentration
118
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
117
Election Campaigns: Social Media
115
Media Markets
114
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
113
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
113
Journalists
113
Television News
113
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
112
Foreign News, International News
109
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
108
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
108
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
107
Propaganda
107
Social Media in Political Communication
105
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
104
Development and Media
102
Self-Regulation of Media
102
Public & State Television
100
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
99
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
98
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
95
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
94
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
93
Twitter & Microblogs
93
Globalisation of Media
92
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
91
Dealing With the Past
91
Facebook
91
Foreign Correspondents
90
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
90
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
89
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
89
Local Journalism
88
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
86
Community Media
86
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
86
Economics of Media
86
Community Radio Management
85
International Communication
85
Political Economy of Media
83
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
82
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
82
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
82
Digital Media Landscapes
81
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
80
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
80
Good Practice Examples
80
Journalistic Skills
80
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
79
World Information and Communication Order
79
Influence of Media on Politics
79
Participatory Communication
78
Internet
78
Crime & Violence Reporting
77
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
77
Television Law & Regulation
77
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
76
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
76
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
76
Public & State Radios
76
Community Television
75
Self-Censorship
74
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
74
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
74
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
71
History of Media & Communication
71
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
71
Local Communication & Media
71
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
71
Public Spheres
71
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
70
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
70
Political Reporting
70
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
69
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
69
Internet Shutdowns
68
Satellite Television
67
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
67
Civil Society
67
Development Journalism & Media Representation of Development Issues
66
History of the Press
66
Access to Media & Information
65
Media Use, Media Consumption
65
Editorial Independence
65
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
65
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
65
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
65
Media Industries
65
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
65
Corruption & Combating Corruption
65
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
64
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
64
Defamation Law & Regulation
64
Africa: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
64
Radio Programmes & Genres
64
Theories of Communication & Media
63
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
62
Cinema
62
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
62
Creative & Cultural Industries
62
News
62
Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
62
Media Outlets, Media Associations
62
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
61
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
60
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
60
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
60
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
59
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
58
Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
58
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
58
Public Opinion
58
Advertising
57
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
57
Digital Communication, Digital Media
57
UNESCO
57
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
57
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
56
Radio Journalism
56
Media Management
56
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
55
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
55
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
55
Television Markets
54
Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
54
Media & Information Literacy
54
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
53
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
53
Journalism / Communication Training Centers
53
Communication & Media Indicators
53
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
52
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
52
United Nations (UN)
52
Media Effects
52
Advertising Markets & Industries
51
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
51
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
51
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
50
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
50
Human Rights Protection
50
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
49
E-Governance, E-Democracy
49
Labour Market for Journalists
49
Radio News
49
Business & Economics Journalism
49
Media Assistance: Donor Organizations
49
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
49
Media System Analyses & Typologies
49
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
49
Radio Law & Regulation
49
History of Radio
48
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
48
Media Assistance: Radio
48
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
48
Film Industries
47
Television Programme & Format Trade
47
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
47
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
47
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
47
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
47
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
46
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
46
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
46
Journalists' Associations & Networks: International Cooperation & Assistance
46
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
45
Community Radio & Gender
45
Community Radio Journalism & Production Skills
45
Germany: Media Assistance Actors, Practices, Priorities
45
Islamist Communications & Media
45
Al-Jazeera
45
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
44
Digital Political Communication
44
Human Rights Violations
44
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
43
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
43
Television Programmes & Genres
43
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
43
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
42
ICT Regulation
42
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
42
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
42
Human Rights
42
Democracy
42
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
41
Community Radio Contents & Programming
41
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
41
Political Blogging
41
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
41
Transnational Television, International Television
41
Photojournalism
41
Politics
41
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
40
Community Radio Associations & Networks
40
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
40
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
40
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
40
Indigenous Communication
40
Radio Debates, Radio Talk Shows, Call-In Radio Programmes
40
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
40
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
39
Genocides
39
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
39
Financing Digital / Online Media
39
Blogging, Blogs
39
History of Journalism
39
Nazism
39
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
39
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
39
Digital Television
39
Community Radio Setting-Up
38
Storytelling
38
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
38
Environmental Journalism
38
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
38
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
38
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
38
Local Television
38
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
37
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
37
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
37
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
37
Democratization
37
Media Assistance: Community Radios
36
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
36
Press Markets
36
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
36
Journalism Education Curricula
36
Regulatory Bodies
36
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
35
Holocaust
35
USA: Media Assistance
35
Television Channels
35
Media Assistance: Film Funding
34
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
34
News Websites & Portals
34
Information Society
34
International Humanitarian Crisis Reporting, Foreign Disaster Reporting
34
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
34
European Union (EU)
34
Community Radio Audiences & Use
33
Public Relations
33
Alternative Press
33
Transitional Justice Reporting
33
International Media & Communication Policies
33
Print Journalism
33
Islam and Communication
33
Freedom of Expression Principles
32
Democracy Assistance
32
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
32
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
32
Journalistic Style & Language
32
Mobile Journalism, Video Journalism
32
Media Assistance: Governance, Accountability, Combating Corruption
32
Magazines
32
Radio Programming, Programme Structures & Schedules
32
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
32
Society & Media, Media Sociology
32
War & Political Violence in Cinema
31
Radio for Development
31
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
31
Documenting Human Rights Violations
31
Press Councils
31
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
31
International News Flow
31
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking: Reporting & Media Representation
31
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
31
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
31
Film Markets
30
Videos
30
State Influence on the Media
30
Community Reporters, Media Volunteers
30
Algorithms & Big Data
30
Racism in Communication & Media
30
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
30
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
30
Colonial Legacies
30
Watchdog Role of the Media
30
Digital Media Startups
29
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
29
Journalistic Genres
29
Television Journalism
29
Accountability & Transparency
29
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
29
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
29
Religion and Communication
29
Antisemitism
29
Urban Communication, Urban Media
29
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
28
Community Newspapers, Community Press
28
Artificial Intelligence
28
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
28
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
28
Financing Public Service Media
28
Populism
28
Taliban
28
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
27
Opinion Polls, Public Opinion Research
27
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
27
Communication for Social Change
27
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
27
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
27
Feminism & Communication
27
Foreign Television Programmes
27
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
27
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
27
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
26
Government Propaganda
26
ALER
26
Violence in the Media
26
Development Aid Reporting
26
Convergence of Media
26
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
26
Diaspora Media
26
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
26
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
26
Local Press
26
Right-Wing Extremism
26
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
26
Framing
26
Radio Dramas, Radio Soap Operas, Radio Fiction
26
Research Methods
26
Social Change
26
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
26
Advocacy
25
Political Cartoons & Comics
25
Intellectual Property
25
Community Development
25
Community Participation in Community Media
25
Community Radio Equipment & Infrastructure, Community Radio Digitalization
25
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
25
Civil Wars
25
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
25
Online News
25
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
25
Radio Markets
25
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
25
Communication
25
User-Generated Contents
25
Flow of Information
24
Government Advertising, State Advertising
24
Catholic Radios
24
Extremist Recruitment through Media
24
Human Security Reporting
24
Digital & Information Literacy
24
Media Assistance: Digital Journalism & Social Media
24
Image Ethics, Ethics in Photojournalism
24
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
24
Health Journalism
24
Journalism Studies & Research
24
Deutsche Welle
24
Polarization, Political Polarization
24
Youth Radio Programmes, Youth Radio Stations, School Radios
24
University Radios
24
Manipulation
24
Society
24
Visual Communication
24
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
23
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
23
Contents of Media
23
Cultural Identity
23
Culture (General)
23
Podcasts
23
YouTube
23
Romani People
23
History of Television
23
Journalistic Research Methods
23
Newsroom Management
23
Media Assistance: Impacts, Effectiveness, Efficiency
23
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
23
Media Development Indicators
23
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
23
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
22
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
22
Collective Identities & Media
22
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
22
WhatsApp
22
Educational Television
22
Countering Defamation & Harassment
22
Image Abroad
22
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
22
France: Media Assistance
22
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
22
Licensing of Media
22
Transitional Justice
22
BBC
22
Political Television Programmes & Political Talkshows
22
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
21
Films
21
Digital Rights
21
Community Radio Training Methods & Training of Trainers
21
Narratives, Narrative Structures
21
Educational Radios
21
Infotainment, Politainment
21
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
21
Trade Unions & Labor Movements: Communication Strategies
21
Rural Communication, Media in Rural Areas
21
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
21
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
20
Terrorism
20
Countering Misinformation & Rumours
20
Radio Language & Moderation
20
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
20
Literature
20
Development Communication Theories
20
Social Change & Media / Communication
20
Digital Media Markets
20
TikTok
20
Music Industries & Markets
20
Media Assistance: Educational & Instructional Media
20
Environmental Communication
20
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
20
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
20
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
20
Deutsche Welle DW Akademie
20
Photography
20
Radio Stations
20
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
20
Media Use: Foreign / International Media
19
National Cinemas, National Film Production
19
International Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
19
Community Communication
19
Traditional Communication
19
Theatre
19
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
19
ICT Development Assistance
19
Education and Communication / Media
19
Civic Education: Use & Role of Media
19
Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
19
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
19
Media Assistance Donors: Foundations & Private Donors
19
Media Assistance: Television
19
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
19
Human Resources Development, Personnel Management
19
Peace, Peacekeeping, Peace Building, Peace Movements
19
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
19
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
19
Theories of Change
19
China Global Television Network, CGTN (formerly China Central Television, CCTV)
19
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
18
Christian Churches: Media Assistance
18
Plagiarism
18
Communication Strategies
18
Community Media Financing & Sustainability
18
Media Criticism
18
Rumours & Rumour Management
18
World Bank
18
Governance & Accountability: Role of Digital Communication
18
Websites
18
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
18
Gaming, Video Games
18
Communication for Sustainable Development
18
Bias in News Media
18
HIV / AIDS Communication
18
Basic Journalistic Skills
18
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
18
Conflict & War Photography
18
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
18
Telecommunications
18
Telecommunication Infrastructure
18
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
18
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
17
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
17
Catholic Communication Ethics, Catholic Media Ethics
17
Crisis Communication
17
Alternative Radios
17
Community Media Policies & Regulation
17
Reconciliation Work
17
Content Analysis (Research Method)
17
Cultural Policies
17
Development Communication Projects: Case Studies
17
Telegram
17
ICTs and Development
17
Financing Radio
17
Radio Schools
17
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
17
Evaluation
17
Impact Assessment & Outcome Evaluation
17
Suicide Reporting & Media Representation
17
History of Media: Colonial Period
17
China: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
17
Transnational Communication
17
China: Foreign Policy, Foreign Investments, Development Assistance
17
Crowdsourcing
17
Media Literacy: Youth
17
Music
17
Radio Music
17
Agenda Setting
17
Networks & Networking
17
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
17
Open Source Software
17
Commercial Television
17
Advocacy & Political Films
16
Agricultural Information & Extension
16
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
16
Local Government Communication Strategies
16
Boko Haram
16
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
16
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
16
Cultural Cooperation (Development Aid)
16
AI in Journalism & Media
16
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
16
Educational Radio Programmes
16
Humour, Parody, Satire
16
Gender-Sensitive Language
16
Women (General)
16
History of Media: 20th Century
16
News Values, News Selection Criteria
16
Science Journalism
16
Television Policies
16
Quality Management
16
Political Resistance
16
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
16
Election Monitoring
16
Radio Production Skills
16
Violence
16
Informatics
16
Suburbs, Poor Districts, Slums, Shanty Towns
16
Audience Clubs & Listener Groups
15
Campaigning
15
Children's Rights
15
African Cinema
15
Strategic Communication Planning
15
Community Radio Policies
15
Perpetrators
15
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
15
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
15
Cultural Diversity
15
Digital Media Management, Online Media Management
15
Political Websites & Online Communities
15
Instagram
15
Gendered Disinformation
15
Television Industries
15
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
15
Political Parody and Satire
15
Evaluation in Conflict & Fragility Settings
15
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
15
Decolonisation & Independence (General)
15
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
15
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
15
Financing Journalism
15
European Union: Media Assistance
15
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
15
Media Governance
15
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
15
People with Disabilities: Reporting & Media Representation
15
Political Role & Influence of Radio, Radio & Democratization
15
Public & State Press
15
Public Service Broadcasting: Contents & Programming
15
Commercial Radios
15
Persuasive Communication
15
Participation
15
Satellite Communication & Information Services
15
Open Data
14
Advocacy & Empowerment: Planning & Implementation
14
Audience Research
14
Children's Television Programmes
14
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
14
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
14
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
14
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
14
Theatre for Development
14
Regional Cooperation, South-South Collaboration
14
Rural Communication for Development
14
LGBT & Communication / Media
14
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
14
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
14
Training
14
Sports Reporting
14
Extractive Industries & Mining Reporting
14
Self-Assessment, Self-Evaluation
14
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
14
China: Media Assistance
14
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
14
Media Assistance: Interaction with Foreign Policies
14
Communication Networks
14
Communication Systems
14
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
14
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
14
Media Law & Regulation: Muslim Countries
14
Starting Media Outlets, Creation of Digital Businesses
14
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
14
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
14
Political Marketing
14
Rural Press
14
Ideologies
14
Jihad
14
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
14
Advertising Ethics
13
Interactive Radio: Audience Participation, Interaction & Feedback
13
Campaigning: Experiences
13
Catholic Church and Communication
13
Christian Communication
13
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
13
Community Development: Role of Communication & Media
13
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
13
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
13
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
13
Development Assistance
13
Communicating Development Projects, Media in Development Programmes
13
Edutainment Radio Programmes
13
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
13
Online Radio, Internet Radio, Radio Streaming
13
Discrimination-Sensitive Language, Minority-Sensitive Journalism
13
Humanitarian Law
13
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
13
Television Serials
13
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
13
Defamation, Libel, Slander
13
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
13
Gender Relations
13
Colonial Period
13
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
13
Media Assistance: Criticism, Ideological Backgrounds, Vested Interests
13
Media Assistance: Elections
13
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
13
Military
13
Religion and Politics
13
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
13
Apartheid
13
Mobile Phone Use for Social Purposes, Mobiles for Development
13
Mobile Phone Use
12
Print Media Use, Press Readers
12
Clandestine Radios
12
Book Markets & Industries
12
Campaigning: Planning & Implementation
12
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
12
Open Licensing, Creative Commons, Public Domain
12
Nonprofit Public Relations: Experiences
12
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
12
Good Governance
12
Digital Economies & Markets
12
Ethnicity in Communication
12
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
12
Exiled Journalists
12
Local News
12
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
12
Sexual Abuse Reporting, Sexual Violence Reporting
12
Language
12
Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
12
Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
12
Ombudsmen
12
Press Law & Regulation
12
Friedrich Ebert Foundation
12
Government
12
Political Doctrines
12
Rohingya
12
Digital Radio
12
Digital Switchover
12
Cable Television
12
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
12
Infographics & Data Visualization
12
Advocacy & Empowerment: Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
11
Media Use: Public Service & State Media
11
Media Use: Youth
11
Catholic Press
11
Violence in the Media: Effects on Children
11
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
11
Celebrities, Idols, Stars
11
United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
11
Media Assistance: Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation
11
Religious Communication in Conflicts & Peacebuilding
11
Cultural Studies
11
Media Cultures
11
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
11
ICT / Internet Projects (Development Aid)
11
Millenium Development Goals (MDG)
11
Behaviour Change Communication
11
Digital Inclusion
11
Internet and Politics
11
Online Magazines & Newspapers
11
Journalistic Social Media Use
11
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
11
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
11
Minority Journalists
11
Disaster Relief & Humanitarian Aid Reporting
11
Media Assistance: Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
11
Radio Marketing, Branding & Promotion
11
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
11
Economy
11
Media Assistance: Environmental Communication
11
Evaluation Design & Implementation
11
Health Communication
11
History of Transnational Communication
11
Germany: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
11
Foreign Policies
11
UNICEF
11
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
11
Media Assistance: Exile Media
11
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
11
Social Communication
11
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
11
Financing Press & Print Media
11
Indigenous Knowledge, Local Knowledge, Traditional Knowledge
11
Organisational & Governing Structures of Media
11
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
11
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
11
Voice of America
11
Diasporas
11
Capitalism
11
Political Participation
11
Television Production
11
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
11
Business & Economics Radio Programmes
11
Radio Magazines
11
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
11
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
11
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
11
Buen Vivir / Good Living
11
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
11
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
11
Regional Television
11
Youth and Media
11
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
10
Book Publishing
10
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
10
Bollywood
10
History of Film & Cinema
10
Social Media Marketing & Digital Public Relations
10
Community Television Policies & Regulation
10
Humanitarian Interventions
10
Developing Countries
10
Influence of Media on Development Aid
10
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
10
Gender and ICTs / Internet
10
ICT Policies
10
Television Economics
10
Educational Games, Serious Games
10
Ethics in Nonprofit & Community Journalism
10
Victim-Sensitive Reporting
10
Indigenous Language Press
10
Adaptation of Media Products to Other Countries / Cultural Contexts
10
Glocalization of Media
10
International Relations
10
Council of Europe
10
Government & Government Performance: Media Representation & Reporting
10
Fondation Hirondelle
10
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
10
Information
10
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
10
Radio Policies
10
Democracy Assistance: Human Rights Assistance
10
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
10
Religious Freedom
10
Radio Management
10
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
10
Political Extremism
10
Political Transition
10
Radio Production
10
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
10
Social Aspects
10
Philosophies of Communication & Media
10
Audience Research: Planning & Implementing Surveys
9
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
9
Information Needs
9
Media Use: Urban Populations
9
Book Trade & Distribution
9
Film Distribution
9
Film Festivals
9
Latin American Cinema
9
Development Organizations: Communication Strategies & Media Representation
9
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
9
Media Assistance: Indigenous Communication
9
Enemy Images
9
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
9
Anthropology of Media & Communication
9
Memes
9
Philosophy
9
Development Theories
9
Google
9
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
9
Libraries
9
Neoliberalism
9
Vocational Training
9
Entertainment and Media / Communication
9
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
9
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
9
Women's Radio Programmes
9
Health Campaigns: Experiences
9
History (General)
9
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
9
Latin America: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
9
Media Assistance: Transnational Exchange & Cooperation
9
USA: International Broadcasting & Public Diplomacy
9
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
9
Bilingualism, Multilingualism
9
Internews
9
Media Assistance: Press
9
Media Assistance: Project Planning & Implementation
9
Sweden: Media Assistance
9
Information Ecosystems
9
Social Media Landscapes
9
Socialist Media Systems
9
Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
9
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
9
Marketing & Branding
9
Broadcasting Companies
9
Migrants & Refugees: Tailor-Made Media Products & Information Services
9
Refugees / Displaced People
9
Social Photography
9
Communism, Marxism
9
Political Systems
9
Democracy Assistance: Electoral Assistance
9
State
9
Local Newspapers
9
Project Design, Project Planning
9
Social Participation
9
Islamism
9
Communication & Media Research Centres
9
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
9
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
9
Television Talk Shows
9
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
9
Radio Advertising
8
Empowerment
8
Film & Video Advocacy / Activism
8
Area & Regional Studies
8
Audience Research Methods
8
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
8
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
8
Copyright: Books
8
Catholic Church
8
Catholic Media Council
8
Development Education: Films
8
Film Trade, Film Export & Import
8
Transnational Film Co-Productions
8
Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
8
Ethics in Public Relations
8
Nonprofit Public Relations: Design & Implementation
8
Community Radio Concepts & Principles
8
Groups, Group Communication, Group Development
8
Iraq War (2003)
8
Violence in the Media: Effects on Youth
8
Donor Coordination, Funder Collaboration, Aid Harmonsation
8
Development Communication: Monitoring & Evaluation
8
Influencers (Social Media)
8
Discrimination in Language & Media
8
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
8
Media Assistance: Minority Media
8
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
8
Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
8
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
8
Infectious Diseases' Outbreak Communication
8
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
8
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
8
Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
8
Universities
8
Television Dramas
8
Television Fiction
8
Gender and Radio
8
History of Media: 19th Century
8
History of Public Service Broadcasting
8
Transnational Television Co-Productions, International Television Co-Productions
8
Mercosur
8
Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
8
Information Sources of Journalists
8
Inter Press Service (IPS)
8
Radio Interviews
8
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
8
Linguistics & Sociolinguistics
8
Media Assistance: Business & Economics Journalism
8
Media Assistance Donors: Multilateral Organizations
8
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
8
MDDA - Media Develoment and Diversity Agency (South Africa)
8
Tax Reductions for Media
8
'Comparing Media Systems' (Hallin/Mancini, 2004)
8
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
8
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
8
Governance
8
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
8
Hindu Nationalism
8
Political Influence
8
Police
8
Governance & Accountability as Focus of Radio Programmes
8
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Politics
8
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
8
Monitoring
8
Bush Radio (Cape Town, South Africa)
8
Radio Chaguarurco (Santa Isabel, Azuay, Ecuador)
8
Radio-Télévision Libre des Milles Collines (RTLM)
8
Media Reception
8
Buddhism and Communication
8
Muslim Media
8
Social Movements
8
Dalits
8
Mobile Phone Apps
8
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
8
Youth & Digital Media
8
Posters
7
Television Advertising
7
Advocacy Campaigns
7
Advocacy & Empowerment: Indigenous People
7
Agricultural Radio Programmes
7
Community Media Audiences & Use
7
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
7
Samizdat
7
Books
7
Children and Media
7
WACC
7
Theologies of Communication
7
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
7
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
7
State News Agencies, Government News Agencies
7
AMARC
7
Community Radio Governance & Ownership
7
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
7
Early Warning: Conflicts & Crises
7
Media Assistance: Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
7
Violence in the Media: Video Games
7
Media Quality
7
Mass Cultures
7
Development Projects
7
North South Relations
7
Cybercrimes
7
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
7
Digital Market Concentration
7
Bots
7
Afro-Latin Americans, Afroamerican Population
7
Prisoners & Communication / Media
7
Famines: Media Representation & Reporting
7
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
7
Foreign Investments
7
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
7
Educational Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
7
Sustainable Development
7
Gender Media Studies & Feminist Communication Research
7
Strategy Development & Strategic Planning
7
Media Assistance: Health Communication
7
First World War (1914-1918)
7
Indigenous Issues Reporting & Media Representation
7
Arab World / Middle East: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
7
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
7
International Organizations
7
Radio Journalism Education
7
News Reception
7
Translations & Translating
7
Insufficient Local Media Ecosystems, "Information Deserts"
7
Local Governance & Accountability: Role of Media
7
BBC Media Action
7
Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF)
7
Media Assistance: Institutional Support & Core Funding
7
Media Assistance: Interaction with Military Communication Strategies
7
Media Assistance Research
7
United Kingdom: Media Assistance
7
Information Exchange
7
Media Democratization
7
Judiciary & Penal System
7
Media Regulation Practices
7
Budgeting, Cost Calculation, Financial Planning
7
Corporate Social Responsibility
7
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
7
Television Management
7
Elections
7
Socialism
7
Public Administration
7
Decentralization
7
Public Opinion Manipulation
7
Regional Radios
7
Everyday Life
7
Indicators & Indices
7
Population
7
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
7
Revolutions
7
SMS
7
Cultural Television Programmes
7
Electoral Advertising, Political Advertising
6
Advocacy Journalism
6
Land Property, Land Grabbing, Land Reforms
6
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
6
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
6
Television Use: Youth
6
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
6
Radio Quillabamba (Quillabamba, Peru)
6
Child Abuse Reporting
6
Educational Films & Videos
6
Nollywood
6
Copyright: Music
6
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
6
International Conflicts
6
War Crimes
6
Radio Quality
6
Cultural Influence
6
Cultural & Literary Journalism
6
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
6
Culture and Development
6
Museums
6
National Character
6
Corruption in Development Cooperation
6
Development Education
6
International Development Cooperation
6
Western Approaches
6
Edutainment Television Programmes
6
Mídia Ninja (Digital Media Initiative, Brazil)
6
Digital Research Methods
6
Multimedia Products & Production
6
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
6
Weibo (Microblogging Website, China)
6
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
6
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
6
Uyghurs, Uighurs
6
Humanitarian Aid
6
Audio Archives, Visual Archives, Media Archives
6
Media Commercialisation
6
Press Distribution
6
Press Industries
6
Printing Industries
6
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
6
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
6
Financing Television
6
Economic Conditions
6
Small Enterprises, Micro Businesses, Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
6
Educational Broadcasting
6
Open, Distance and Digital Education (ODDE)
6
Training of Trainers, Teacher Education
6
Journalism Ethics: Covering Vulnerable Persons
6
Responsibility
6
Values
6
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
6
History of War Reporting
6
Slavery, Slaves
6
Foreign Press, Foreign Language Press
6
International Media Associations / Organizations
6
Reportage
6
Radio Journalism Training & Education
6
Constitutions & Constitutional Reforms: Political Discourse & Media Representation
6
Language Policies
6
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
6
Japan: Media Assistance
6
International Media Support (IMS) (Media Development NGO, Denmark)
6
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
6
Spain: Media Assistance
6
Communication & Information Needs
6
Media Literacy: Television
6
Civil Rights
6
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking
6
Crowdfunding
6
Leadership, Leadership Development
6
Newspaper Management
6
Migration
6
Documentary Photography
6
Internal Politics
6
Political Culture
6
Political Opposition
6
Political Parties
6
Security
6
Independent & Oppositional Media
6
Editing
6
Radio Formats
6
Radio Studies & Research
6
Radio Okapi (Democratic Republic of Congo)
6
Urban Radios
6
Radio Engineering & Technologies
6
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
6
Hinduism and Communication
6
Muslim Television Broadcasting
6
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
6
Focus Groups & Group Discussions (Qualitative Research Method)
6
Social Conflicts, Social Problems
6
Countering Discrimination & Racism
6
Resilience
6
Short Wave Radio (SW)
6
Urban Issues: Media Representation & Reporting
6
Design & Layout
6
Signs, Signals, Semiotics
6
Youth Media
6
Advertising Agencies
5
Digital Advertising, Online Advertising
5
Advocacy & Empowerment: Youth
5
Lobbying
5
Agriculture
5
Environmental & Land Conflicts
5
Audience Research in Media Assistance
5
Gaming: Uses & Effects
5
Information Needs in Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
5
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
5
Media Use: Rural Populations
5
Book Aid, Book Publishing Assistance, Book Donations
5
Book Publishing Houses
5
Children's Books & Literature
5
Campaigning: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
5
Digital Media Campaigns
5
Political Campaigns
5
Public Awareness Campaigns
5
Catholic Media
5
Catholic Radio Programmes
5
Solidarity
5
Media & Communication Projects: Children
5
Protestantism (Mainline)
5
Christian Press
5
Aesthetics in Film & Visual Communication
5
Copyright: Films
5
Foreign / Developing Countries: Film Representation
5
Press Releases & Press Conferences
5
Community Media Impact
5
Discussion Forums, Community Discussions, Citizen Consultations
5
Faith-Based Community Radios
5
Group Media
5
Conflicts
5
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
5
Wars
5
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
5
Conflict-Sensitive Language
5
Peace Negotiations & Agreements: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
5
Messages, Message Design, Message Analysis
5
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
5
Mythology & Communication, Media Myths
5
Cultural Resistance
5
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
5
Self-Financing
5
Donor Agencies
5
Financing Nonprofit Organizations
5
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
5
Poverty Reduction: Role of Media
5
Digital Media Initiatives (Case Studies)
5
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
5
Online Communication
5
Social Media Marketing in Broadcasting Enterprises
5
Streaming Media
5
AI & Democracy / Democratization
5
Educational Use of ICTs / Internet
5
ICT Industries & Markets
5
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Information Management
5
Disaster Risk & Preparedness Communication, Disaster Prevention Communication
5
Environmental Disinformation & Misinformation
5
Reporting on Disinformation & Misinformation
5
Commercial Broadcasting
5
Music Markets
5
Public Goods, Commons
5
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
5
Media Didactics, Media Use in Education
5
Teaching & Teaching Methods
5
Radio Entertainment
5
Biodiversity Communication
5
Editorial Guidelines
5
Women's Magazines, Women's Press
5
Emergency Medical Aid
5
Health Radio Programmes
5
Mental Health Reporting & Media Representation
5
Second World War (1939-1945)
5
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
5
Cross-Cultural Analysis
5
Globalisation, Globalisation Criticism
5
USA: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
5
OSCE
5
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
5
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
5
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
5
Financial Flow Analysis
5
Investigative Journalism: Impact
5
Features
5
News Writing
5
Youth Journalists, Youth Correspondents, Youth Media Volunteers
5
Xinhua (News Agency, China)
5
Media Assistance: Citizen Participation & Civil Society
5
Digital News Initiative (Digital Journalism Assistance Programme, Google)
5
Media Assistance Donors: Corporate Donors
5
CFI (French Media Assistance Organization)
5
Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD)
5
Media Assistance: Self-Regulation, Accountability & Transparency of Media
5
Netherlands: Media Assistance
5
Communication Processes
5
Presentation of Information
5
Oral Communication
5
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
5
Information Policies
5
Digital Literacy: Youth
5
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
5
National Security Legislation
5
Change & Process Management
5
Failures, Mistakes, Shortcomings: Experiences & Learnings
5
Fundraising
5
Knowledge Management
5
Nonprofit Media Management
5
Organisational Development & Capacity Building
5
Coup d'Etat
5
Political Change
5
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
5
Public Interest
5
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
5
Radio Editing
5
Sustainability
5
Cultural Radio Programmes
5
Kothmale Community Radio (Kothmale, Sri Lanka)
5
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
5
Prejudices
5
Television Reception & Effects
5
COVID-19 Pandemic & Religion
5
Judaism and Communication
5
Television Studies & Research
5
Qualitative Analysis
5
Participatory Research Methods
5
Questionnaires, Questionnaire Design
5
Research Results
5
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
5
Domestic Violence
5
Youth Violence & Violence Prevention
5
Social Justice
5
Huawei (Chinese Digital Communications Technology Conglomerate)
5
Frequency Modulation (FM)
5
Software
5
Television Production Equipment
5
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
5
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
5
Television Networks
5
Youth: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
4
Advertising Law & Regulation
4
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
4
Local Advertising & Local Advertising Markets
4
Advocacy & Empowerment: Experiences
4
Mobile Phone Advocacy & Campaigns
4
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
4
Peasants / Farmers & Communication
4
Geography
4
Maps
4
Information Needs: Indigenous Population
4
Media Use: Foreign & International News
4
Media Use: Lower Classes & Poor Population
4
Target Groups
4
Authoritarian Discourse
4
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
4
Book Marketing, Branding & Promotion
4
Campaign Strategies
4
Campaigning: Message Design
4
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
4
Radio Fe y Alegría (Venezuela)
4
Radio Pío XII (Siglo XX, Bolivia)
4
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
4
Child Labour
4
Media Literacy: Children
4
Christian Communication Ethics, Christian Media Ethics
4
Christian Ethics
4
Liberation Theologies
4
Cinema in the Global South & Third Cinema
4
Female Film Actors, Directors & Producers
4
Historical Films
4
Violence in the Media: Film
4
Film Production Companies
4
Hollywood
4
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Donors
4
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
4
Secret Services, Intelligence Services
4
Nonprofit Public Relations & Marketing
4
Social Marketing
4
Community Media Management
4
Community Telecommunication Networks
4
Ethnic Conflicts
4
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
4
Aesthetics in Media & Communication
4
Television Quality
4
Digital Anthropology, Cyberanthropology
4
Ritual Communication & Media Rituals
4
Arts
4
Cultural Change
4
Cultural Values
4
Digital Cultures
4
Poetry
4
Multicultural Societies, Multiethnic Societies
4
Church Development Cooperation
4
Nonprofit Management, NGO Management, Management General
4
Development Planning
4
Funding Criteria & Priorities
4
Communication for Local Development
4
Development Communication Research
4
Governance Support Communication
4
Religious Digital & Social Media Practices
4
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
4
Digital Skills, Digital Production Skills
4
WeChat (Messaging, Social Media & Mobile Payment App, China)
4
Electronic Commerce
4
Reporting on Digitalization, AI, Internet, ICTs
4
ICTs and Poverty Reduction
4
Software Industries
4
ICT Indicators
4
Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
4
English-Language Media Abroad
4
Ethnic / Minority Television Programmes
4
Foreigners: Media Representation
4
Minorities
4
Xenophobia
4
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
4
Archives
4
Digital & Online Archives
4
Informal Sector, Informal Economy
4
Media Market Transparency
4
Video Markets
4
Radio Economics
4
Microcredits, Microfinance, Small-Scale Loans
4
Audiobooks & Audio Cassettes
4
Mentoring
4
Correspondence Courses
4
Workshops & Seminars: Methods, Tools, Planning, Experiences
4
Elderly People: Reporting & Media Representation
4
Defamation: Effects on Victims
4
Ethics (General)
4
Participatory, Collaborative & Empowerment Evaluation
4
Gender & Religious Communication
4
Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
4
Sexuality
4
Collaboration
4
Therapeutical Use of Communication & Media
4
History of Communication Research
4
Indigenous Television Broadcasting
4
Public Funding & Support Policies: Indigenous Communication
4
Intercultural Dialogue
4
Media Assistance: Journalism Exchange Programmes
4
Transnational / International Civil Society Communication Networks & Strategies
4
Commonwealth
4
Francophonie
4
Journalism Training Methods
4
Journalism Sources
4
Journalism Studies: Research Projects
4
Religion: Media Representation
4
Risk Communication
4
Australia: Media Assistance
4
Knight Foundation
4
Media Assistance: Effects
4
Media Assistance: Local Journalism & Media
4
Media Assistance: Post-Socialist Countries
4
Media Assistance: Research Communication
4
Media Assistance: Training Institutions
4
Mindfulness, Mindful Communication
4
Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
4
Media Complaints / Sanctions Procedures
4
Contracts, Labour Agreements, Service Contracts
4
CIESPAL (Communication Research & Training Center, Quito, Ecuador)
4
Radio Free Europe
4
Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation
4
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
4
Pop Music
4
Citizenship
4
Failed States
4
Parliaments
4
Alternative Public Spheres
4
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
4
El Espectador (Newspaper, Colombia)
4
Yellow Press
4
Radio Networks
4
Radio Sagarmatha (Nepal)
4
Satellite Radios
4
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
4
Socialization
4
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
4
Religious Populism
4
Network Analysis
4
Data Analysis & Interpretation
4
Political Indicators
4
Participatory Action Research
4
Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
4
Randomised Control Trials & (Quasi-) Experimental Designs
4
Rural Areas, Rural Communities, Rural Development
4
Discrimination
4
Disappeared People, Missing People
4
Coalition Building
4
Nomades
4
Social Development
4
Social Control
4
Inequalities
4
Marginality, Marginalized Groups
4
Social Classes
4
Lower Classes
4
Sociology
4
Television Engineering & Technologies
4
Telecommunication Networks
4
Pay TV, Pay Television
4
Al-Arabiya
4
Televisa (Television Channel, Mexico)
4
Television Reports
4
Urban Areas
4
Audiovisual Communication
4
Visual Cultures
4
Print Media Advertising
3
Celebrity Humanitarianism
3
Agricultural Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Audience Composition
3
Audience Research: Concepts & Experiences
3
Digital & Social Media Use: Children
3
Internet & Social Media Use: Minorities
3
Media Use: Entertainment
3
Media Use: Indigenous Populations
3
Media Use: Political Information
3
Media Use: Workers
3
Book Policies (National & International)
3
Small-Scale & Self-Publishing
3
Radio Cutivalú (Piura, Peru)
3
Radio Huayacocotla (Huayacocotla, Mexico)
3
Radio Kwizera (Ngara, Tanzania)
3
Radio Sutatenza (ACPO) (Colombia)
3
Radio Veritas Asia
3
Child Soldiers
3
Children & Childhood
3
Sesame Street (Children's Television Programme)
3
Girls and Media
3
School Radios
3
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD)
3
Christian Radios: Evangelical / Protestant & Others
3
Basic Christian Communities
3
Asian Cinema
3
Conflict Coverage: Cinema & Audiovisual Media
3
Ethnographic Films
3
Feature Films
3
Indigenous Films, Indigenous Videos
3
Film Editing
3
Encryption, Cryptology
3
Right to be Forgotten
3
Development Aid Public Relations, Development Public Awareness Raising
3
Street Papers
3
Traditional Music
3
Vietnam War (1955-1975)
3
Jamming
3
Post-Conflict Contexts: Role of Media
3
Media Ethnography
3
Dance, Folk Dances
3
Cultural Heritage
3
Cultural Pluralism
3
Cultural Role & Influence of Media
3
Foreign Cultural Policies & Cooperation
3
Hybrid Cultures, Hybridization
3
Tales, Legends, Traditional Literary Lore
3
Radio Culture
3
Subcultures
3
UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005)
3
BRICS Countries
3
Development Strategies
3
Disasters, Disaster Relief, Disaster Prevention
3
Ethics in Development Assistance
3
Soul City (NGO, South Africa)
3
Edutainment Campaigns: Planning & Implementation
3
Street Television: Video Screenings in Public Places
3
Visual Aids for Development
3
Data
3
Digital Criticism
3
Digital Healthcare & Information, Mobile Health, E-Health, Telemedicine
3
Mailing Lists
3
Hackers & Hacking
3
Internet Effects
3
Digital Financial Services, Mobile Banking, Mobile Payphone Business
3
Internet Markets
3
Netflix
3
VK (Russian Social Network)
3
Trolling (Social Media)
3
Information Highway
3
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
3
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
3
French-Language Media Abroad
3
Hispanic Americans, Hispanic Media
3
Integration of Minorities: Role of Media
3
Religious Minorities & Media
3
Radio in Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
3
Documentation Systems
3
Media Clusters
3
Distribution of Media
3
Video on Demand
3
Consumption, Consumer Behaviour, Consumerism
3
Economic Policies
3
Energy Supply, Electricity
3
Taxes
3
Adult Education
3
Curricula: School Education
3
Educational Policies
3
Higher Education
3
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
3
Nonformal Education
3
Students
3
Ethics in Entertainment
3
Water Resources Management, Water Access & Supply
3
Ethics & Data Protection in Research
3
Morals
3
Social Norms
3
Information Products & Services: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
3
Success Factors
3
Moderation / Facilitation Skills & Techniques
3
Food, Food Security, Nutrition
3
Polio Communication
3
Tuberculosis Communication
3
20th century
3
Local History & Memory
3
Indigenous Languages
3
Indigenous Rights, Indigenous Jurisdiction & Customary Law
3
Foreign Media Reception & Effects
3
European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
3
Sputnik (Russian State News Portal & Radio Broadcast Service)
3
Turkey: International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy, Image Abroad
3
Dependence
3
Diplomacy
3
Windhoek Declaration on Promoting Independent and Pluralistic Media (UNESCO, 1991)
3
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
3
Crossmedia Journalism
3
Journalism Training in Conflict Areas
3
Editorials (Journalism)
3
Journalistic Practices & Routines
3
Prostitution Reporting & Media Representation
3
Judaism: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Religious Journalism, Religion News
3
African Languages
3
French Language
3
Language and Media
3
Metaphors
3
Belgium: Media Assistance
3
Media Assistance: Eastern & Southeast Europe
3
Media Assistance: Funding Policies
3
Media Assistance: Funding Schemes, Assistance Funds
3
Media Assistance: Good Practice Examples
3
Radio Nederland Training Centre (RNTC)
3
Media Assistance: Mapping of Programs & Donors
3
Media Assistance: Middle East
3
Norway: Media Assistance
3
Switzerland: Media Assistance
3
Media & Communication General
3
Dissemination of Information
3
Corporate Communications
3
Media Privatization
3
Media Literacy: Secondary Education
3
Customary Law
3
Nationalisation of Media
3
Right to Reply, Right of Recitification
3
Coaching
3
Consulting, Consultants, Consultancies
3
Entrepreneurship
3
Low-Cost Solutions, Low Budget Calculation
3
Print Media Management
3
Educación Radiofónica de Bolivia (ERBOL)
3
Radio France Internationale (RFI)
3
Radio Television Afghanistan (RTA)
3
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
3
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
3
Freire, Paulo (1921-1997)
3
Gandhi, Mohandas K. (1869-1948)
3
Martín-Barbero, Jesús
3
Photographers
3
Clientelism
3
Fascism
3
Liberalism
3
Hybrid Political Systems
3
Public Budgets, Participatory Budgeting
3
Centralization
3
Political Magazines
3
Newspaper Economics
3
El Tiempo (Newspaper, Colombia)
3
Periodicals
3
Project Financing
3
Project Impact, Project Effects, Project Effectiveness, Project Efficiency
3
Institutional Sustainability
3
Public Service Broadcasting: Religious Programmes
3
Radio Documentaries
3
Muslim Radio Broadcasting
3
B92 (Radio Station, Belgrade)
3
Mega FM (Radio Station, Gulu, Uganda)
3
Radio Liberty
3
Radio Ndeke Luka (Central African Republic)
3
Tambuli Radio Network (Philippines)
3
Audience Influence
3
Gatekeeping Function of Media
3
Psychology (General)
3
Memory, Memorizing
3
Attitudes, Attitude Formation & Change
3
Social Functions & Effects of the Media
3
Buddhism
3
Interreligious Dialogue
3
Islamophobia
3
Jewish Media
3
Religion (General)
3
Communication Research Design
3
Analysis
3
Digital Sources
3
Ethnographic Research
3
Human Security
3
Ethnocentrism
3
Blockchain Technologies
3
Computers
3
Telephone
3
CNN
3
TeleSur (Television Channel)
3
Television Magazines
3
University Television
3
Housing: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Visual Representations
3
Access to Media & Information: Disadvantaged Groups and Minorities
2
Access to Media & Information: Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas
2
Information Selection
2
Advertising Sales Management
2
Children & Advertising
2
Nonprofit Advertising, Advertising for Noncommercial Purposes
2
Advocacy & Empowerment: Migrants & Refugees
2
People with Disabilities: Advocacy & Empowerment
2
Agricultural Development & Policies
2
Book Reading Habits, Book Readers, Book Consumption
2
Elderly People: Internet & Social Media Use
2
Health Information Access & Use
2
Media Use: Children
2
Media Use: Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
2
Radio Use: Women
2
News Avoidance
2
Book Rights, Publishing Contracts, Licenses
2
Cartonera Books
2
Development Communication Campaigns
2
Radio Campaigns
2
Catholic Communicators & Journalists
2
Catholic News Agencies, Catholic News Services
2
Radio Ecclesia (Luanda, Angola)
2
Radio Icengelo (Kitwe, Zambia)
2
Radio Latacunga (Latacunga, Ecuador)
2
Radio La Voz de la Selva (Iquitos, Peru)
2
Radio Marañón (Jaén, Perú)
2
Radio Onda Azul (Puno, Peru)
2
Radio San Gabriel (El Alto, Bolivia)
2
Catholic Media Organizations
2
Catholic Social Thought
2
Church Documents on Communication
2
Saints
2
Child Abuse
2
Children's Films
2
Children's Media
2
Children's Radio Programmes
2
Educational Comics & Comics for Development
2
Digital Literacy: Children
2
Puppetry
2
Orthodox Churches
2
Christian Media
2
Christianity (General)
2
World Council of Churches (WCC)
2
Missionary Communication, Media & Evangelisation
2
Theologies
2
Arab Cinema, Middle Eastern Cinema
2
Film & Gender
2
Film Financing
2
Ethnic Films, Minority Films
2
Horror Films
2
Film Production
2
Microphones & Sound Recording
2
Film Training & Film Schools
2
Local Cinema Management
2
Copyright: Photos & Illustrations
2
Copyright: Software
2
Patents
2
Performing Rights
2
Recording Rights
2
Reprint Rights
2
Translation Rights
2
Espionage
2
Facial Recognition, Biometric Surveillance
2
Transnational Public Relations Agencies & Consortia
2
Community Informatics
2
Cameroon Community Media Network (CCMN)
2
Coordinadora de Medios Populares de Ecuador (CORAPE)
2
Foro Argentino de Radios Comunitarias (FARCO)
2
Community Television Management
2
Armed Conflicts
2
Small Arms
2
Gaza War (2023-)
2
Soldiers
2
Violence in the Media: Glorification
2
Violence in the Media: Television
2
Marxist Media Criticism
2
Artists
2
Street Theatre
2
Cultural Dependency
2
Cultural Development
2
Cultural Exchange
2
Cultural Relations
2
Cultural Goods
2
Fiction
2
Multiculturalism
2
Reading Promotion
2
Traditional Cultures
2
Small-Scale Funds
2
Development Organizations
2
USAID - Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI)
2
International NGOs
2
Open Society Foundations (NGO network)
2
Volunteers & Volunteer Management
2
Development Projects: Planning & Implementation
2
Free Basics (Facebook Internet Access Programme)
2
Development Education: Use & Role of Media
2
Edutainment Campaigns: Effects & Effectiveness
2
Media for Development
2
Posters for Development & Education
2
Crossmedia Publishing
2
Cyberspace
2
Daily Maverick (South Africa)
2
Rappler (Philippines)
2
The Quint (India)
2
Digital Media Usability
2
Spam & Scam
2
ICANN
2
Chat
2
Online Media & Internet Economics
2
Online Dating
2
Online Services
2
Open Access Publishing
2
Hashtags
2
Video & Foto Online Communities
2
Wikis
2
Development Websites, Blogs & Online Communities
2
Online Learning, E-Learning
2
ICT Effects & Impact
2
ICT Enterprises
2
Homeless People
2
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Minorities
2
Racism
2
Early Warning: Disasters
2
Emergency Health Communication
2
QAnon (Conspiracy Narrative)
2
Effects of Disinformation on Democracy
2
Government-Sponsored Disinformation
2
Data Bases, Digital Libraries, Open Access Repositories
2
Information Processing
2
Media Conglomerates
2
Media Competition
2
Radio Industries
2
Alternative Economy, Solidarity Economy, Social Economy Businesses, Fair Trade
2
Economic Development
2
Economic Indicators
2
Industrialized Countries
2
International Economy
2
National Economies
2
Basic Education
2
Education (General)
2
Illiteracy, Non-Literate Persons
2
Open Educational Resources (OER)
2
Primary Education
2
Secondary Education
2
Teachers
2
Academic Training
2
Communication Training
2
Leisure
2
Docudrama
2
Tourism & Travel
2
Environmental Issues (General)
2
Wastes & Recycling
2
Journalistic (In)Dependence
2
Religious Communication Ethics, Religious Media Ethics
2
Development Projects: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
2
Evaluation Approaches, Purposes & Frameworks
2
Gender in Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
2
Most Significant Change (MSC)
2
Feminist Media
2
Gender Issues: Media Coverage
2
Men, Male Identity, Masculinity
2
Rural Women & Communication
2
Women's Rights
2
Events
2
Innovations
2
Health: Media Representation (Factual & Fictional)
2
Malaria Communication
2
Medicines, Medical Drugs
2
Mental Health (General)
2
International Media
2
Russia: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
2
Colonialism
2
NATO
2
OECD
2
Communication / Journalism Journals & Magazines
2
Undercover Journalism
2
Crónicas / Chronics
2
Commentaries (Journalism)
2
Newsgathering
2
Agence France Press (AFP)
2
Agencia Noticiosa Fides (ANF) (News Agency, Bolivia)
2
Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN)
2
Journalistic Radio Programmes
2
Rede de Notícias da Amazônia (Radio Journalism Network, Brazil)
2
Social Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Witnesses, Witness Testimonies
2
Abbreviations
2
Spanish Language
2
Language Barriers
2
Linguistic Diversity
2
Minority Languages
2
Canada: Media Assistance
2
Agence Intergouvernementale de la Francophonie (Paris)
2
Media Assistance: History
2
Fundación Gabo (formerly: Fundación para el Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano (FNPI))
2
Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA)
2
Media Assistance: Lessons Learned
2
Media Assistance: South-South Cooperation
2
Ushahidi (Crowdsourcing Mapping Software)
2
Diffusion of Innovations
2
Proverbs
2
Adoption of Western Communication Models & Media Practices
2
Accreditation of Journalists
2
Arbitrary Detentions
2
Child Protection: Legislation & Regulation
2
Constitutions
2
Rule of Law
2
Corporate Governance
2
Corporate Strategies
2
Design Thinking
2
Nonprofit Governance & Boards
2
Strategic Alliances, Strategic Partnerships
2
Asociación de Radios y Programas Participativos de El Salvador (ARPAS)
2
Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV)
2
Escuela Audiovisual Infantil (Belén de los Andaquíes, Caquetá, Colombia)
2
Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise (RTS)
2
Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas & Media
2
Female Migrants / Migration
2
Migrants
2
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
2
People with Disabilities: Tailored ICT & Media Products
2
Coughlin, Charles (1891-1979)
2
Habermas, Jürgen
2
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
2
Colonial Photography
2
Government Policies
2
Interest Groups
2
Internationalism
2
Political Persecution
2
Referendum
2
Personal Safety
2
Statebuilding
2
Political Discourse
2
Political Opinion-Forming
2
Newsletters
2
Weekend Nation (Weekly, Malawi)
2
Television Production Skills
2
Video Production Skills
2
Project Implementation
2
Project Sustainability
2
Call-In Dedication & Greeting Programs
2
Foreign Language Radio Programmes
2
Religious Radio Programmes
2
Radio Stations: Buildings
2
Non-Commercial Radios
2
Radio Ada (Ghana)
2
Radio Progreso (El Progreso, Honduras)
2
Radio Progress (Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana)
2
Cyberpsychology
2
Archetypes
2
Self-Help
2
Mental Stress
2
Personality
2
Creativity
2
Social Integration: Role of Media
2
Therapeutical Writing, Memory Books
2
Islam
2
Religion and Human Rights
2
Religious Television Programmes
2
Symbols
2
Taoism
2
Yazidism, Yazidis, Yezidis
2
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
2
Quantitative Analysis
2
Systems Analysis
2
Freedom of the Press Index (Freedom House)
2
Media Sustainability Index (MSI)
2
Information Analysis
2
Contextual Analysis
2
Survey Methods
2
Research Report Writing
2
Researchers
2
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
2
Assassination
2
State Violence
2
Civic Coalitions
2
Communities of Practice
2
Loudspeakers, Public Address Systems (PA)
2
Cameras (Film, TV, Video)
2
Paper & Paper Production
2
Radio Production Software
2
Radio Sets, Radio Receivers
2
Satellite Communication Technologies
2
Software Security
2
Technologies: Impact Assessment
2
Technology Transfer
2
Television Transmitters
2
Mobile & Wireless Communications Technologies
2
WLAN Wireless Internet Access
2
Remote Work, Teleworking, Working from Home
2
State Influence on ICT & Telecommunication Markets
2
Interactive Voice Response (IVR)
2
Al-Manar (Television Channel, Lebanon)
2
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
2
Tolo TV (Television Channel, Afghanistan)
2
Television Production Companies
2
National Television Programmes
2
Television Programmes, Specific
2
Television Semiotics
2
Audiovisual Language
2
Visualization
2
Youth Television Programmes
2
Access to Media & Information: Indigenous Populations
1
Information Gaps
1
Information Gathering
1
Adblocking
1
Advertising Criticism
1
Advertising Planning & Implementation
1
Advertising: Professional & University Education
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in Advertising
1
Outdoor Advertising
1
Radio Spots
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Children
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Chronically ill People
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Ethnic Minorities
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Monitoring & Evaluation
1
Transnational Advocacy Campaigns, International Advocacy Campaigns
1
Agriculture & ICTs, e-Agriculture
1
Family Farming
1
Fishing
1
Pastoralism
1
Audience Expectations & Satisfaction
1
Audience Letters
1
Audience Orientation
1
Audience Research Under Difficult Conditions
1
Behavior Tracking & Cookies
1
International Audiences
1
Media Socialisation, Media Biographies, Media Life Journeys
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Media Use: Families
1
Media Use: Influence of Religion
1
Mobile Phone Use: Minorities
1
Media Use: Preferred Contents & Programmes
1
Mobile Phone Use: Women
1
Television Use: Women
1
Media Reception & Effects: Youth
1
Mobile Phone Use: Youth
1
Mobile Phone Use: Migrants & Refugees
1
Reading, Reading Habits, Reading Skills
1
Religious Media Use, Religious Media Audiences
1
Using Audience Research Data for the Improvement of Media Products
1
Cinema in Authoritarian Regimes
1
Author's Writing & Publishing Guides
1
Centro Regional para el Fomento del Libro en América Latina (CERLALC)
1
Conflict Coverage: Children's Books & Educational Materials
1
Gender and Book Publishing
1
Professional, Specialist & Technical Books
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Youth Literature & Books
1
Information Campaigns
1
Media Events (Events or Activities Hosted Largely with the Media in Mind)
1
Catholic Church: Communication Education & Training
1
La Semaine Africaine (Catholic Weekly, Brazzaville)
1
COPE (Catholic Radio Network, Spain)
1
Radio Enmanuel (Huaycán, Lima, Peru)
1
Radio Estrella del Mar (Ancud, Chile)
1
Radio Maria (Catholic Radio Network)
1
Radio Nawal Estéreo (Guatemala, formerly: La Voz de Nahualá)
1
Radio Santa Clara (San Carlos, Costa Rica)
1
Radio Santa María (La Vega, Dominican Republic)
1
Radio Soleil (Haiti)
1
Radio Veritas (Johannesburg, South Africa)
1
Radio Waumini (Nairobi)
1
Rede Vida (Catholic Television Channel, Brazil)
1
Diocesan Catholic Communication Work
1
Signis
1
UCIP - Union Catholique Internationale de la Presse
1
UNDA (International Catholic Radio and TV Association, 1928-2001)
1
Sodalicio de Vida Cristiana (Catholic Movement, Peru)
1
Faith-Based Media Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
History of Communication: Catholic Church
1
Francis (Pope)
1
Leo XIV (Pope)
1
Child Marriage
1
Child Protection Online
1
Children & Digital Media
1
Digital Media Socialisation
1
Children: Early Childhood, Toddlers, Preschoolers
1
Children's Magazines
1
Children's News Programmes
1
Media Literacy: Comics
1
Media Reception & Effects: Children
1
Orphans
1
Street Children
1
Bible, Biblical Theology
1
Christian Churches: Communication Education & Training
1
Adventist Church
1
Evangelical Churches
1
Lutheran Churches
1
Pentecostal Churches
1
Reformed / United Churches
1
Christian Radio Programmes
1
Christian Radios
1
Christian Social Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Christian Television
1
Sat-7 (Television Channel)
1
Christian Television Programmes
1
Televangelism
1
Clergy, Bishops, Priests
1
Ecumenism
1
Inculturation
1
Missiology
1
Pentecostal Churches & Communication
1
Protestant Social Teaching
1
Sects
1
Digital Theologies
1
Awards & Prizes: Film Awards
1
Blockbusters
1
Cinema (Location)
1
Environmental Films
1
Fédération Panafricaine des Cineástes (FEPACI)
1
Film Associations, Film Organizations
1
Film and Development
1
Film and Religion, Religion in Motion Pictures
1
Religious Films
1
Film Ethics
1
Film Budgeting & Production Costs
1
Action & Adventure Films
1
Comedies
1
Crime Films
1
Science Fiction Films
1
Film Marketing
1
Film Music
1
Film Production Skills
1
Film Semiotics
1
Film Studies & Research
1
Screenwriting, Film Scriptwriting, TV Scriptwriting
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Economic Factors
1
Digital Rights Management
1
Clandestine Media
1
Arab Press Freedom Watch (Organization)
1
History of Press Freedom & Censorship
1
Online Marketing, Online Public Relations
1
Viral Spots & Viral Online Communication
1
Press Officers, Spokesmen
1
Public Relations Education, Public Relations Training
1
Public Relations: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Public Relations: Professional & University Education
1
Community Archives & Libraries
1
Community Media Research, Community Communication Research
1
Community-Oriented Radio Programmes
1
Community Websites
1
Class Conflicts
1
Cultural Conflicts
1
Dehumanization
1
Biafra War (1967-1970)
1
Bosnia War (1992-1995)
1
Gaza War (2008-2009)
1
Italia-Ethiopia War (1935-1936)
1
Resource Conflicts, Resoruce Wars
1
War Economies
1
Interethnic Communication
1
Computational Content Analysis
1
Content Analysis: Films
1
Context
1
Hermeneutics
1
Visual Anthropology
1
Arabic culture
1
Circus
1
Musicals & Operas
1
Political Theatre
1
Puppetry in Education
1
Youth Theatre
1
Visual Arts, Painting
1
Arts & Media
1
Cultural Events
1
Cultural Barriers
1
Cultural Processes
1
Cultural Traditions
1
Cultural Indicators
1
Cultural Integration
1
Influence of Media on Traditional Cultures
1
Authors, Writers
1
Indigenous Language Literature
1
Literature: Social Criticism
1
Television Culture
1
National Integration
1
Orthography
1
Religion and Culture
1
Writing & Writing Styles
1
Adveniat (Catholic Donor Agency, Germany)
1
Development Assistance: Accountability & Transparency
1
Development Assistance: Beneficiaries, Target Groups, Beneficiary Inclusion & Participation
1
Development Assistance: Institutional Support & Core Funding
1
Development Financing
1
Development Programmes
1
Digitalization in NGOs, Civil Society & Development Organizations
1
Donor NGOs
1
Communication for Governance & Accountability Program (CommGAP) (World Bank)
1
Ashoka (NGO)
1
Development NGOs
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Local Development Planning
1
National Development Planning
1
Regional Development Planning
1
Information For All Programme (IFAP/UNESCO)
1
Dependency Theories
1
Development Workers & Experts
1
Government Development Cooperation, Official Development Assistance (ODA)
1
Human Development
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Development Issues and Development Assistance
1
Religion and Development
1
Underdevelopment
1
Behaviour Change
1
Behaviour Change Communication: Effects & Effectiveness
1
Development Communication: Design & Implementation
1
Development Communication: Donor Organizations
1
Development Communication Education & Training
1
Development Communication: Effects & Effectiveness
1
Development Communication: Indigenous & Traditional Communication
1
Development Communication Tools & Methods
1
Edutainment Campaigns: Experiences
1
Television for Development
1
Darknet
1
Digital Entrepreneurs, Tech Entrepreneurs
1
Digital Labour, Digital Work
1
Digital Media, Internet & Religion
1
Religious Apps
1
Religious Websites & Blogs
1
Digital Radio Transmission
1
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB)
1
Digital & Social Media Effects
1
Electronic Newsletters
1
Interactive Media
1
Internet and Development
1
Internet and Society / Social Change
1
Internet Business Management
1
Microsoft
1
Microtargeting
1
Net Neutrality
1
Chatbots
1
Political Microtargeting
1
Social Media Companies
1
Online Public Relations
1
Online Television
1
Web Entertainment Series
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“Voices from the Island”: Informational annexation of Crimea and transformations of journalistic practices

Ksenia Ermoshina
Journalism, volume 25, issue 3 (2024), pp. 528–546
"After the annexation of Crimea by Russia in March 2014, the peninsula experienced a progressive transition of telecommunication and broadcasting infrastructure under Russian influence, followed by a wave of repression of Ukrainian media. Between 2014 and 2015, dozens of Ukrainian media organization ... more
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Harassed for Their Job: Exploring Factors That Render Journalists Prone to Harassment and Intimidation

Ilmari Hiltunen, Aleksi Suuronen, Reeta Pöyhtäri
Journalism Studies, volume 25, issue 13 (2024), pp. 1634-1653
"Amid growing concern over harassment and intimidation targeting journalists, scholarly attention to their occurrence and implications has mushroomed. One aspect of these phenomena that often gets overlooked is that not all journalists seem equally targeted or affected. Applying ordinal regression a ... more
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Journalistic Work During a Pandemic: Changing Contexts and Subjective Perceptions

Jana Rick, Thomas Hanitzsch
Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 1 (2024), pp. 99-118
"This study explores the extent to which the Corona pandemic has changed the working conditions of journalists in Germany and how they perceive these changes. The goal is to provide both the scale and qualitative nature of Corona-induced changes in the working environment of journalists by means of ... more
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“Journalists are Prepared for Critical Situations … but We are Not Prepared for This”: Empirical and Structural Dimensions of Gendered Online Harassment

Susana Sampaio-Dias, Maria João Silveirinha, Bibiana Garcez, Filipa Subtil, João Miranda, Carla Cerqueira
Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 2 (2024), pp. 301-318
"This article discusses online harassment against women journalists exploring self-reported incidents, effects, and trust in safety mechanisms. Drawing on twenty-five semi-structured interviews of women journalists in Portugal, we use a feminist and critical realist framework to explore the causal s ... more
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Silenced But Resilient: Belarusian Exiled Media since the 2020 Revolution

Berlin: JX Fund (2024), 45 pp.
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Media freedom and journalist safety in the UK Online Safety Act

Ricki-Lee Gerbrandt
Journal of Media Law, volume 15, issue 2 (2024), pp. 179-212
"In the digital era, journalists are targeted with online abuse including serious threats of violence. These censorship tactics are a direct threat to media freedom. Although the UK Government intended to tackle online abuse of journalists in the Online Safety Act 2023, provisions fit for that purpo ... more
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An Intersectional Analysis of Aotearoa New Zealand Journalists’ Online and Offline Experiences of Abuse, Threats and Violence

Susan Fountaine, Cathy Strong
Journalism Studies, volume 25, issue 2 (2024), pp. 160-180
"Criticism towards journalists has increased significantly since the internet created easy and anonymous communication and has turned more abusive and threatening in recent years, becoming a regular feature of journalists’ work environment, particularly for women. This article presents survey data ... more
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News Under Siege: The Impact of COVID-19 on Journalists in Pakistan with Focus on AJK and GB

Syed Mubashar Hussain Shah, Babar Hussain Shah
International Journal of Kashmir Studies, volume 6, issue 1 (2024), pp. 205-233
"This study investigates the experiences of journalists during COVID-19 pandemic from Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) through a series of focus group discussions (FGDs). The research aims to develop strategies for enhancing journalists' capabilities and well-being in anticipat ... more
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Comparing Risks to Journalism: Media Criticism in the Digital Hate

David Cheruiyot
Digital Journalism, volume 12, issue 3 (2024), pp. 294-313
"This study examines digital media criticism—publicly shared evaluations and judgements of journalistic text and actors on various digital platforms—as a risk to journalism. It specifically interrogates how journalists negotiate the diverse nature of criticism in digital spaces and in a comparat ... more
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Same threats, different platforms? Female journalists’ experiences of online gender-based violence in selected newsrooms in Namibia

Itai Zviyita, Admire Mare
Journalism, volume 25, issue 4 (2024), pp. 779-799
"Concerns about the disproportionate levels of online gender-based abuse experienced by female journalists when compared to their male counterparts have attracted sizeable scholarly attention in the last few years. Extant studies have highlighted that female journalists experience online forms of ha ... more
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The Peril and Promise of AI for Journalism

Nishtha Gupta, Jenina Ibañez, Chris Tenove
Centre for the Study of Democratic Institutions (CSDI) (2024), 13 pp.
"This report draws on insights from the workshop, along with recent academic and journalistic publishing. It highlights three major issues: How generative AI can make disinformation campaigns faster, more targeted, and more persuasive. How newsrooms’ adoption of AI tools can lead to inaccuracies a ... more
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Dealing with the Black Box: European Journalists and the Threats of Spyware

Philip Di Salvo
Digital Journalism (2024), 20 pp.
"Revelations from the 2021 “Pegasus Project” investigation into the use of spyware have confirmed long-held concerns about the proliferation of the technology as a surveillance solution to monitor the activities of journalists around the world. Spyware is a particularly malicious form of malware ... more
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The Ethical Revolution: Challenges and Reflections in the Face of the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Journalism

Tania Forja-Pena, Berta García-Orosa, Xosé López-García
Communication & Society, volume 37, issue 3 (2024), pp. 237-254
"The artificial intelligence (AI) tools in editorial departments have become common practice within news organisations, which poses challenges for digital journalism. It treads new terrain for both media professionals and their audiences, and it is safe to assume there is no going back to the way th ... more
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Who Teaches About Hostility? Examining Factors for Inclusion in Journalism Curriculum

Kelsey R. Mesmer, Kaitlin C. Miller
Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, volume 79, issue 2 (2024), pp. 205-223
"Journalistic well-being is garnering increasing attention from scholars globally. Nevertheless, minimal research has explored how colleges and universities are teaching about such topics, especially as they pertain to hostility toward the press, which is on the rise. Utilizing a survey of journalis ... more
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‘They blame the messenger’: Re-examining the critique of journalists reporting on genocide in Rwanda and Srebrenica

Caitlin Knight
Journalism, volume 25, issue 10 (2024), pp. 2117–2134
"Reporting on cases of genocide presents distinct complexities and challenges for journalists, who must negotiate practical, professional, and emotional experiences that challenge traditional expectations of their role. Previous research has provided strident critiques of this reporting, arguing Wes ... more
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Zensur: Handbuch für Wissenschaft und Studium

Nikola Roßbach (ed.)
Baden-Baden: Nomos (2024), 611 pp.
"Das vorliegende Handbuch präsentiert erstmals den Stand der Zensurforschung aus einer interdisziplinären, transhistorischen und globalen Perspektive. Nach begrifflich-theoretischen Grundlagen werden zentrale Akteure und Handlungsfelder der Zensur behandelt: Politik, Religion, Wirtschaft, Kunst, M ... more
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How to enhance constructive public dialogue on social media in Uganda: Recommendations from a multi-stakeholder consultation workshop, in Kampala, Uganda, in November 2023

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2024), 16 pp.
"In November 2023, DW Akademie brought together journalists, civil society organizations, digital rights experts, and media influencers for a consultation workshop in Kampala, Uganda. In the two-day event, hosted by Media Challenge Initiative (MCI), the diverse group collaboratively developed recomm ... more
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“You Feel Like You Don’t Have the Freedom to Do Your Work”: Exploring Fijian Women Journalists’ Experiences of Sexual Harassment

Folker Hanusch, Shailendra Singh, Birte Leonhardt, Geraldine Panapasa
Journalism Practice (2024), 20 pp.
"The topic of violence against women in journalism has received growing attention in scholarship, especially in terms of digital forms of harassment. At the same time, many women journalists continue to experience direct forms of harassment in the pursuit of their work. Focusing on the Pacific Islan ... more
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Infrastructural platform violence: How women and queer journalists and activists in Lebanon experience abuse on WhatsApp

Martin J. Riedl, Azza El-Masri, Inga K. Trauthig, Samuel C. Woolley
New Media & Society (2024), 20 pp.
"Technology-facilitated abuse and violence disproportionately affect marginalized people. While researchers have explored this issue in the context of public-facing social media platforms, less is known about how it plays out on more private messaging apps. This study draws on in-depth interviews wi ... more
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Journalists’ Perceptions of Precarity: Toward a Theoretical Model

Jana Rick, Thomas Hanitzsch
Journalism Studies, volume 25, issue 2 (2024), pp. 199-217
"Journalistic work has become increasingly precarious. Labor conditions in the profession meet several criteria of precarity, as established in the sociology of work. Journalists, especially freelancers, often have low and unstable incomes and only limited access to social insurance. Thus far, preca ... more