Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

Self-Employment in the News Industry

Sarah Van Leuven, Hanne Vandenberghe

In: Happiness in Journalism

Valérie Bélair-Gagnon; Avery E. Holton; Mark Deuze; Claudia Mellado (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 157-165

"This chapter highlights the position of freelance or self-employed journalists in the news sector from the pessimistic observation that news organizations tend to push journalists into a freelance status to cope with decreasing revenues and are inspired by neoliberal thoughts." (Abstract)

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The Digitization of Harassment: Women Journalists’ Experiences with Online Harassment in the Philippines

Edson C. Tandoc Jr., Karryl Kim Sagun, Katrina Paola Alvarez

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 6 (2023), pp. 1198-1213

"Through interviews with women journalists in the Philippines, this study documents and examines their experiences with online harassment. Three main themes stand out. First, we find that online harassment against journalists follows a systematic process that starts from the top, is followed through ... more

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Preparing to publish: How journalists negotiate content restrictions in semi-authoritarian states

Ruth Moon

International Communication Gazette, volume 85, issue 2 (2023), pp. 120-140

"Journalists act strategically in response to their political environments, using practices like self-censorship to avoid negative repercussions from powerful actors. But what does self-censorship look like in practice? Grounded in theories of policy response and media sociology, this study uses jou ... more

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Digital Scarlet Letter on Journalists: Weaponized Harassment Against Journalists in South Korea

Na Yeon Lee, Ahran Park

Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 2 (2023), pp. 319-336

"This article seeks to contribute to the existing research on journalist harassment by examining the experiences of Korean journalists who have faced online harassment. While extensive research has been conducted on this issue, there is a need for comparative studies to understand the unique pattern ... more

Constraints on Journalistic Practices in the Arab World Post–Arab Spring and Post-Covid-19

Sahar Khamis, Khalid Al-Jaber

In: The Routledge Companion to Journalism in the Global South

Bruce Mutsvairo; Saba Bebawi; Eddy Borges-Rey (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 179-186

"Over a decade ago, the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings erupted in six Arab countries. They were accompanied, initially, by high hopes for democratic transformation and reform (Lynch, 2012). These hopes and aspirations also included widening the margin of freedom of expression in general and press freedo ... more

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Media Capture and Journalism as Emotional Labor: How Do Media Professionals Manage Bureaucratic Violence in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq?

Jiyan Faris, Pieter Maeseele, Yazan Badran, Kevin Smets

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 876-895

"This paper focuses on the (in)direct tools of governmental bureaucracy used to control journalistic work in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It calls for understanding media capture not only through structural-level consequences, but also through the methods used to create an environment of inst ... more

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The erosion of media freedom in Ghana: A signal democratic backsliding?

Paul Achonga Kabah Kwode, George Asekere, Jasper Abembia Ayelazuno

Media, Culture & Society, volume 46, issue 1 (2023), pp. 112-129

"Ghana is a poster child of the consolidation of liberal democracy in Africa, the signal evidence of which is the freedom of the Ghanaian media as the fourth estate of the realm. However, recent developments in the media landscape of the country, such as sustained death threats, assaults, use of unw ... more

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Data Sharing to Foster Information as a Public Good: The Case of Media Viability and Safety of Journalists in the Digital Ecosystem

Guy Berger

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 17 pp.

"Trends towards greater transparency of platforms, in the form of extending cooperation around data, offer benefit to the interests of all stakeholders. This policy brief considers the normative, institutional and technical mechanisms that support access to datasets that are not accessible generally ... more

Twitter trolling of Pakistani female journalists: A patriarchal society glance

Ayesha Siddiqua, Jiankun Gong, Iffat Ali Aksar

Media, Culture & Society, volume 45, issue 6 (2023), pp. 1303-1314

"The incorporation of new media technology into journalistic practices led to online harassment, particularly of female journalists. The researchers investigated the tweets of four prominent Pakistani female journalists through the lens of post-colonial feminism and symbolic violence. The qualitativ ... more

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How Newsroom Social Media Policies Can Improve Journalists' Well-Being

Logan Molyneux, Jacob L. Nelson

In: Happiness in Journalism

Valérie Bélair-Gagnon; Avery E. Holton; Mark Deuze; Claudia Mellado (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 78-86

"This chapter draws on a discourse analysis of newsroom social media policies, and in-depth interviews with journalists focused on their reactions to the social media policies within the newsrooms in which they have worked, and their recommendations for how those policies should be improved." (Abstr ... more

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Terror without training: First-hand experiences of student journalists covering the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings

Karen Neill

Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies (2023), [no pag.]

"In 2019, 51 people were killed in terror attacks at two mosques in Christchurch, a city on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand with a population of around 400,000 people. It was the deadliest mass shooting in the country’s history and the first terror attack of its kind on home soil ... more

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Whose Media Freedom is Being Defended? Norm Contestation in International Media Freedom Campaigns

Martin Scott, Mel Bunce, Mary Myers, Maria Carmen Fernandez

Journal of Communication, volume 73, issue 2 (2023), pp. 87-100

"This article analyses how international advocacy campaigns approach and define media freedom, and what influences this process. It does this through a two-year case study of the Media Freedom Coalition—an intergovernmental partnership of over 50 countries—that included 55 interviews with key st ... more

Anti-Media Discourse and Violence Against Journalists: Evidence From Chávez’s Venezuela

Kyong Mazzaro

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 3 (2023), pp. 469-492

"Can political leaders’ anti-media rhetoric encourage violence against journalists and undermine media freedom in democracies? While there is evidence that anti-media public discourse can amplify negative attitudes and behaviors towards the media, there is still uncertainty as to whether and how p ... more

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“You can Run, but You Cannot Hide!” Mapping Journalists’ Experiences With Hostility in Personal, Organizational, and Professional Domains

Signe Ivask, Angelina Lon

Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, volume 78, issue 2 (2023), pp. 199–213

"Our study describes how hostility reaches journalists and their reactions to the experiences. Semi-structured interviews with 18 Estonian journalists were conducted in 2021 from June to December. We divided journalists’ experiences into personal, professional, and organizational domains. One key ... more

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Occupational Hazards: Individual and Professional Factors of Why Journalists Become Victims of Online Hate Speech

Magdalena Obermaier

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 838-856

"Journalists are regularly exposed to online hate speech their profession. Because discrimination often harms targets and can prompt self-censorship in journalistic content, undermining journalism’s public duty, it is essential to understand factors explaining why journalists become victims of onl ... more

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Boundaries, Barriers, and Champions: Understanding Digital Security Education in US Journalism Programs

Jennifer R. Henrichsen, Martin Shelton

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 3 (2023), pp. 309-328

"Journalists are increasingly attacked in response to their work yet they often lack the necessary support and training to protect themselves, their sources, and their communications. Despite this, there has been limited scholarly attention that addresses how journalism schools approach digital secu ... more

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“Not Their Fault, but Their Problem”: Organizational Responses to the Online Harassment of Journalists

Avery E. Holton, Valérie Bélair-Gagnon, Diana Bossio, Logan Molyneux

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 4 (2023), pp. 859-874

"Journalists are increasingly reporting that online harassment has become a common feature of their working lives, contributing to experiences of fatigue, anxiety and disconnection from social media as well as their profession. Drawing on interviews with American newsworkers, this study finds at lea ... more

Reality on the Ground: Exploring News Production Practices by Syrian Journalists in Times of Conflict

Tania Ouariachi, Lidia Peralta

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 2 (2023), pp. 283-299

"While most research on the Syrian revolution has been focussing on content analysis about how Western mainstream media cover and frame the conflict, this paper aims at exploring journalistic practices by Syrian journalists. We look at three concrete aspects: the socio-labor profile of the practitio ... more