"1. The findings reveal the disproportionate impact fake news has on minority communities in Indonesia, including psychological stress, economic damage, sexual and physical violence and harm. 2. It sheds light on how fake news has been weaponized by hegemonic groups in society to both amass various forms of political and religious capital, as well as to socially control and discipline minority groups. 3. Furthermore, it shows how the state is implicated in the problem through biased and politicized policing of fake news. 4. Given that the proliferation of fake news is facilitated through modern social media platforms, increased state regulation towards these platforms has the potential to curb the worst effects of disinformation and create a healthier public sphere. 5. More than delegating the resolution of the problem to the government however, it is also important that ground-up solutions – especially educational efforts to both raise awareness of fake news, as well as the phenomenon of how fake new is being instrumentalized politically – are advanced." (Key findings)

[...] the main groups identified for this study, specifically, are Shia Muslims, Christians, Hindus, Buddhists/Chinese, LGBT, and women. Over the span of two months from May-June 2021, four subjects from each minority group, representing a total of twenty-four interviewees, were recruited for the interview through personal networks as well as NGOs in Indonesia. The interviews, which were conducted virtually and with the help of a native Bahasa speaker, took approximately thirty minutes each. The interviews sought to investigate respondents’ lived experiences with the issue of fake news and misinformation, highlighting their personal encounters and exposure to various disinformation campaigns as well as the self-reported effects of these on their behavior. In addition, we explore interviewees’ thoughts and opinions towards possible solutions and the adequacy of state intervention on the issue." (Research design, page 8)