"The purpose of this report is to contribute to a deeper understanding of Iranian youth as a whole, rather than focus on one particular segment. Specifically, this report aims to address the following questions: 1) What are the key values that underlie the attitudes and behaviour of Iranian youth an
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d how do these vary between different segments of the youth? (2) What do young men and women in Iran prioritise in their lives and what are their key concerns for the future? (3) How do Iranian youth perceive the current social and political situation in Iran? What are their views on protection of human rights, freedom of expression and their own political efficacy? Which state institution do they find most trustworthy and to what extent do they feel that Iran needs to change? (4) What are the media and communication preferences of young Iranians? What role do traditional media play in their informationgathering processes and how important are the internet, social media and mobile phones?" (Executive summary)
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"Konfessionelle Medien stehen vor gewaltigen Herausforderungen. Sie müssen zum einen auf den Medienwandel mit seinen veränderten Produktionsbedingungen und Rezeptionsmustern im Zeitalter crossmedialer Massenkommunikation reagieren. Zum anderen sind sie von massiven Veränderungen der kirchlichen M
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itgliederstruktur, dem Wandel religiöser Glaubenspraxis und Kirchenbindung sowie der Säkularisierung der Gesellschaft betroffen. Diese Studie zeichnet ein detailliertes und problemorientiertes Bild vom Zustand katholischer Medien und diskutiert eingehend Handlungsoptionen und Zukunftsszenarien. Die Prognosen stützen sich auf eine Delphi-Studie, an der sich mehr als 200 Experten aus Kirche, Medien und Wissenschaft beteiligt haben." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"This study has looked at the opinions of ordinary citizens (n=2000) as well as a small sample of decision makers at community level (n=200). Chapters 1 and 2 provide a background sketch and methodology for the survey, followed by a detailed overview of the findings for the general public and decisi
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on makers in Chapters 3 and 4. Overall, ordinary citizens and decision makers alike feel the Tanzania's media sector is growing and improving over time, and the sector is serving a news-hungry public that wants the media to keep those in positions of power accountable. However, this study also points to perceptions of shortcomings in the media, both in terms of the content it provides to the public and the quality of the services it provides." (Executive summary)
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"The growing nonprofit news sector is showing some signs of economic health, and most leaders of those outlets express optimism about the future, according to a new study by the Pew Research Center. But many of these organizations also face substantial challenges to their long-term financial well-be
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ing. The report finds that large, often one-time seed grants from foundations help many of these nonprofit news outlets get up and running. But as those grants expire, many organizations do not have the resources or expertise necessary for the business tasks needed to broaden the funding base. More than half of the nonprofit news organizations surveyed by the Pew Research Center in late 2012 (54%) identified business, marketing and fundraising as the area of greatest staffing need, compared with 39% who said the top need was for more editorial employees. In addition, nearly two-thirds of the nonprofits (62%) cited “finding the time to focus on the business side of the operation” as a major challenge—compared with 55% who cited “increasing competition for grant money.” Most nonprofit news organizations are small, with minimal staffs and modest budgets. Indeed, 78% of the survey respondents reported having five or fewer full-time paid staffers—including 26% with none." (Overview, page 1)
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"Turkey is a country where democratization process has been repeatedly interrupted by military interventions in the past 50 years. Censorship and self-censorship have become ordinary practices in the media, mainly due to weak parliamentary representations followed by oppressive coup periods. Yet eve
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n though a democratically elected government is currently in charge of the country, censorship of the press remains to be a common and systematic to silence alternative views. It is also claimed that self-censorship is widespread within the press. A report published by Freedom House in 2010 argues that while Turkish officials continue to enforce strict laws, journalists are frequently jailed for discussing issues such as the Kurdish problem, the military or political Islam. The government that is led by the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi) is continuing to crack down on unfavorable press coverage. This article presents the findings of a survey titled “Censorship and Self-Censorship in Turkey, 2011.” The participants of the study were Turkish journalists and the questions revolved around their personal experiences with regards to censorship and self-censorship. Their answers reveal why Turkish media seldom makes news for public interest." (Abstract)
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"This report documents and analyzes coverage of the Afghan Conflict and related issues in six mainstream Pakistani news outlets [from May1, 2012 to August 31, 2012]. The following sub-themes have been tracked for monitoring and analysis: Terrorism in Afghanistan – Drone Strikes – Cross Border At
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tacks and Incursions – NATO Supply Lines – NATO Pullout and Afghan Peace Process – Pak-Afghan and Pak U.S. Relationship." (Pages 2-3)
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"Purpose: War journalists confront many dangers, leaving them at risk for mental health problems. They are, however, able to take breaks from the hazards of frontline work by periodically leaving conflict zones for the safety of home. This respite is not afforded local journalists who cover conflict
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situations. An example of this may be found in Mexico where journalists reporting on the drug cartels may under threat. This inability to seek temporary respite from grave danger may theoretically increase levels of psychological distress. The purpose of this paper is to examine this possibility.
Design/methodology/approach: The study sample comprised 104 Mexican journalists and a control group of 104 war journalists (non*Mexican, demographically matched). Outcome measures included indices of posttraumatic stress disorder (Impact of Event Scale*Revised)(IES*R), depression (Beck Depression Inventory*Revised (BDI*II) and psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire*28 (GHQ*28).
Findings: Mexican journalists had higher scores on the avoidance (p=0.01), arousal (p=0.0001), but not intrusion (p=0.29) scales of the IES*R. They had higher scores on the BDI*II (p=0.0001) and anxiety (p=0.0001), somatic (p=0.0001) and social dysfunction (p=0.01) subscales of the GHQ*28.
Practical implications: Mexican journalists targeted by drug cartels have more psychopathology than journalists who cover war. News organisations that employ journalists in this line of work therefore need to be aware of this and have a mechanism in place to provide treatment, when needed. Originality/value: This is the first study to directly explore the psychological effects of violence on local journalists who do not cover war, but nevertheless live and work in areas of grave danger." (Abstract)
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"Der Fokus ist auf die angestrebte Umwandlung des Staatssenders Radio Television Afghanistan in einen öffentlichen Sender gerichtet. In Experteninterviews mit Vertretern dreier relevanter Akteursgruppen und einer schriftlichen Rezipientenbefragung wurde unter anderem herausgefunden, dass RTA eine h
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erausgehobene Rolle im Nationbuilding-Prozess zugesprochen wird." (Klappentext)
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"This paper reveals that Cambodian newspapers have tendency towards being biased to their political affiliations. According to the findings of this study, Cambodian newspapers have three inclinations: pro-government, opposition, and neutrality. The pro-government and opposition newspapers are the ma
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jority in circulation. Most news articles published by these newspapers favor their own party‘s endeavors and concerns rather than the common public interest. There are also a small number of newspapers that claim to be neutral and independent from any political attachments. In contrast, the independent newspapers‘ contents serve public interest and are more in-depth. The case study on media coverage on the detention of 13 Beoung Kak activists, which is on the latter part of this study, proves this assertion. While it has been found that there are a few Khmer language newspapers that publish articles on this incident regularly, results of the content analysis suggests that English language newspapers more regularly and actively observe the developing story of the dispute ranging from less to most important events. Majority of the news focus on accidents, crime and land issues. This research has also observed that newspapers give more attention to recent events and issues rather than prioritizing on ongoing social problems. Opinion-based articles, news analysis of social issues and editorial are rarely published. Although editorials are appear in some newspapers, they are used to attack their enemy instead of providing solutions on the problems. When compared to English language newspapers, news reporting in some Khmer language newspapers lacks professionalism and ethical practice. In terms of news coverage, both Khmer and English newspapers are more focused on their reporting on events in Phnom Penh and undermine the news from provincial areas of Cambodia. Respondents agreed that media has an important role in building peace in Cambodia and that the local print media has yet to fulfill this crucial role due to economic, professional, and self-imposed ethical limitations. There is an immense need to educate and re-educate many Cambodian journalists to their responsibility to the public and their power to effect positive change, which includes sustainable peace." (Executive summary)
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"This survey asked representatives of major humanitarian aid organizations to reflect on how their operations in the field communicate with disaster-affected communities [...] The two areas in which progress is critical are improving the relationship between humanitarian organizations and local medi
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a, and ensuring that humanitarian and donor organizations prioritize two-way communication." (Executive summary)
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"This article attempts to address this field of research in comparing South African and German approaches to the topic of media ethics. Firstly, it outlines theories of universal and specific cultural ethical principles in journalism. Secondly, it shows how the conception of universal ethical princi
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ples, so called protonorms, is interpreted differently in the two cultures and how specific cultural values of media ethics are rated among the two cultural frameworks of Germany and South Africa. An online survey conducted among German and South African journalism students found significant differences in the ranking of media ethics principles as well as similarities and differences in the interpretations of protonorm. The results support existing normative theories of universal media ethics, such as the theory of protonorms, in contributing explorative empirical data to this field of mainly theoretical research." (Abstract)
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"BBC Media Action has made strengthening the evidence base of reports, data sets, and analysis about the role of media and communication in democratic development a priority. Yet, the extent to which different donor organizations, foundations, think tanks, practitioners, and academics utilize resear
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ch in general and BBC Media Action research in particular, remains uncertain. To shed greater light on this question, in October 2012, the Center for Global Communication Studies at the Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, conducted a quantitative survey followed by in-depth, structured interviews with 57 development stakeholders from four areas of development: governance, humanitarian response, health, and resilience. These research methods were used to investigate: (1) prevailing perceptions about and uses of media among assorted development stakeholders, (2) the extent to which these stakeholders are familiar with and utilize existing research concerning media development and media for development, (3) if and how funders are using this research to decide funding and policy making priorities, and (4) the specific impact of research and evidence initiated by BBC Media Action." (Executive summary)
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"Cambodia Communications Assistance Project (CCAP) is a two-year initiative (2012-2013) funded by Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) to contribute to the development of the media in Cambodia. The project is in its initial stage and is being implemented by ABC ID, in collaborati
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on with three Cambodian Government Provincial Departments of Information (PDI) in Battambang, Kampong Cham and Kampot, and the Department of Media and Communication (DMC) at Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP). The objective of this research is to provide baseline measures and understanding of the current state of the media in Cambodia, with a particular focus on PDI in Battambang, Kampong Cham and Kampot. These measures will help track progress of the project outcomes and impact over the project lifetime and provide a clearly defined scope for the Cambodia Communication Assistance Project. The research design uses a mixed methods approach with focus group discussions, in-depth interviews and survey questionnaires for PDI staff and directors. This report examines understanding of governance issues within an audience and PDI context and assesses the capacity level of PDI staff and directors. More specifically it seeks to gain knowledge and perceptions on audience understanding of governance, transparency and accountability issues, and to determine audience perceptions on PDI content and issues concerning voice, transparency and accountability. It also assesses PDI knowledge on governance issues and skill development needs at the three targeted provinces. The findings are summarised into three key areas: understanding of governance and audience context from different perspectives; reflections on media environment; and PDI capacity needs assessment. Finally, key considerations are outlined to inform PDI activities and programs related to governance including both training and content activities which can be supported by CCAP." (Executive summary)
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"This research study provides baseline indicators for the Solomon Islands Media Assistance Scheme (SOLMAS) Program Phase III. It presents findings around the current quality of media, experiences of training to date, and relationships with stakeholders such as development organisations, government c
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ommunications and the National Disaster Management Office. This executive summary presents main findings from the study, under several key areas: media quality and inhibitors of quality; training and capacity building; audience needs and new media; media and development issues; the Media Association of Solomon Islands (MASI); the public broadcaster Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation (SIBC); and perceptions of SOLMAS to date." (Exexutive summary)
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"The evaluation demonstrates that the Citizen Exchange programs have been highly effective in meeting their goals, from short-term changes in individuals’ skills and knowledge to long-term changes within and beyond their media organizations. Indeed, the programs produced tangible results in respon
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dents’ orientation towards their careers and their organizations’ professional practices. When they returned to work, participants applied new skills, adopted new professional or ethical standards, and developed new processes for writing, investigative journalism, and reporting on new subjects. They had substantively enhanced their knowledge of human rights, women in society, anti-corruption, the environment and trafficking in persons. Similarly, they gained a significantly increased understanding of how to access and integrate new technologies and alternative media." (Conclusion, page 133)
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"Using a controversial issue in South Korea, a government plan to relocate the administrative capital, this study examines attribute agenda setting. Linking survey data to an analysis of news coverage, more specifically, the article explores how television news has influenced the way the public eval
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uates the plan and its various attributes, i.e. potential benefits and problems of the relocation. Findings support the idea that the media could increase public salience of certain attributes by placing them more prominently in news coverage. An important outcome of attribute agenda setting was its priming effect. Issue attributes emphasized in the media were functioning as important standards by which the audience evaluated the plan. These findings, taken together, enhance the intercultural validity of attribute agenda setting by demonstrating that the theory can be applied to South Korea, a country with a unique cultural tradition." (Abstract)
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