"Around the world diverse actors are working to develop technology that directly improves social conditions. This report refers to these types of technology as ‘social tech’. Examples of social tech include anti-corruption systems for citizens to report bribes; communications platforms for refug
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ees on the move; and systems that allow farmers to plan their next crop. The resulting report surveys how social tech is produced and used across sub-Saharan Africa, and what interventions might enrich and improve this ‘ecosystem’. Its primary focus is on information and communication technologies (ICT), though many of its lessons will apply more broadly. It also concentrates on accessible systems, in which the end user is the person who benefits, rather than on specialised systems for professionals. Commissioned by funders in the social tech sphere, the purpose of this report is to find where intervention might improve the ecosystem. We believe that addressing key weaknesses in the ecosystem can help new social tech initiatives – with powerful base-of-the-pyramid benefits – to succeed." (Executive summary)
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"This review looks back over 11 years of civil society advocacy in the information society – a total of 510 country reports published in Global Information Society Watch (GISWatch) from 2007 to 2017. It covers a period of important global shifts, from the exponential growth and influence of social
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media, to the turbulence and hope of the Arab Spring, to revelations of widespread state surveillance. It offers a summary of what internet rights activists wrote about, what they found important, the challenges they faced, and what they felt needed to be done to strengthen a people-centred information society." (Back cover)
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"This article examines how privacy is understood, lived, and negotiated by youth users of information and communication technology (ICT) in slum communities in the Philippines. In the context of shared and public access arrangements prevalent in many low-income communities in the Global South, the a
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rticle discusses the intersections of space, technology, and the sharing economy underlying socio-technical practice that shape the privacy notions. It argues for rethinking the ICT for development and privacy policy discourse to integrate experiences from shared access settings." (Abstract)
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"This document aims to inform and empower those who may have limited technical experience as they navigate an emerging ML/AI landscape in developing countries. Donors, implementers, and other development partners should expect to come away with a basic grasp of common ML techniques and the problems
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ML is uniquely well-suited to solve. We will also explore some of the ways in which ML/AI may fail or be ill-suited for deployment in developing-country contexts. Awareness of these risks, and acknowledgement of our role in perpetuating or minimizing them, will help us work together to protect against harmful outcomes and ensure that AI and ML are contributing to a fair, equitable, and empowering future." (Introduction, page 5)
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"The first three chapters set out the foundations of ICT4D: the core relation between ICTs and development; the underlying components needed for ICT4D to work; and best practice in implementing ICT4D. Five chapters then analyse key development goals: economic growth, poverty eradication, social deve
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lopment, good governance and environmental sustainability. Each chapter assesses the goal-related impact associated with ICTs and key lessons from real-world cases. The final chapter looks ahead to emerging technologies and emerging models of ICT-enabled development. The book uses extensive in-text diagrams, tables and boxed examples with chapter-end discussion and assignment questions and further reading. Supported by online activities, video links, session outlines and slides, this textbook provides the basis for undergraduate, postgraduate and online learning modules on ICT4D." (Back cover)
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"It is a certainty that the proliferation of ICTs (mobile phones in particular) has opened up a range of possibilities and new avenues for individuals, aid agencies, and NGOs. However, overviews of communication supposedly for development reveal a field based on economic understandings of developmen
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t biased toward techno-determinism. Moreover, these understandings lack sufficient critique and do not take larger contextual factors into account. Therefore, it is argued that empowerment is a better concept to draw upon in the critical study of ICTs and social change. However, empowerment is not an easy concept to define, and no analytical outline of the concept has been found in the existing body of literature. Addressing this lack, this chapter will trace the roots of empowerment in community psychology and in feminist and black power movements as well as explore different understandings of the concept from various disciplines. From this overview, the chapter suggests that empowerment should be studied on a) an intersectional level, b) a contextual level, c) an agency level, and d) a technological level. It further argues that these four levels intersect and must be studied in tandem to understand whether processes of empowerment are taking place, and if so, in what ways? The chapter ends by shortly applying these levels to a study involving market women’s use of mobile phones in Kampala." (Abstract)
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"ICTs undoubtedly have the potential to reduce poverty, for example by enhancing education, health delivery, rural develop and entrepreneurship across Africa, Asia and Latin America. However, all too often, projects designed to do so fail to go to scale, and are unsustainable when donor funding ceas
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es. Indeed, ICTs have actually dramatically increased inequality across the world. The central purpose of this book is to account for why this is so, and it does so primarily by laying bare the interests that have underlain the dramatic expansion of ICTs in recent years. Unless these are fully understood, it will not be possible to reclaim the use of these technologies to empower the world's poorest and most marginalised." (Publisher description)
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"In this report, we look at the state of digital data for development and emerging trends. We aim to support German development cooperation in integrating and prioritising data approaches and investments in their work. In this study we focus on four data categories: big data, open data, citizen-gene
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rated data and real-time data. The selection of these categories considered two key dimensions: (1) the growing use in development-related policy discussions, and (2) the ability to capture key characteristics of interest, including size, access, source, and timeliness of data. We believe these categories provide a good starting point to explore how digital data production and use might lead to better development outcomes." (Executive summary)
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"Digital technologies have spread rapidly in much of the world. Digital dividends—the broader development benefits from using these technologies—have lagged behind. In many instances digital technologies have boosted growth, expanded opportunities, and improved service delivery. Yet their aggreg
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ate impact has fallen short and is unevenly distributed. For digital technologies to benefit everyone everywhere requires closing the remaining digital divide, especially in internet access. But greater digital adoption will not be enough. To get the most out of the digital revolution, countries also need to work on the “analog complements”—by strengthening regulations that ensure competition among businesses, by adapting workers’ skills to the demands of the new economy, and by ensuring that institutions are accountable." (Overview, page 2)
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"An emerging topic in the development field is how information and communication technology (ICT) can be used for economic and social development. The general approach relies on technological determinism, whereby the discussion revolves around how and to what extent will ICT support development. It
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assumes the benefits of ICT as inherent. This approach ignores that ICT is created and experienced within a socially divisive and complex space. A more critical and sociological analysis is needed for development studies to better understand the implications of ICT initiatives. In this article, I argue that Saskia Sassen's analytical framework of technology and society as embedded avoids this technological determinism and allows social theorists to account for social and material aspects of ICT. To support this alternative framework, I present a case study of a rural ICT initiative in Gujarat, India, and discuss how this reconceptualization reveals more nuanced understanding of ICT and society. Based on interviews and field research, I find that technology creates new social understandings for the rural ICT users, but also that society shapes the technology to make it inaccessible for them." (Abstract)
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"This research covers the adoption of ICT in Comboni missions, a faith-based organization with operations in Kenya among other global countries. Comboni missions focus on less developed Kenya counties, and in economically challenged areas such as slums in Mathare, Korogocho, Kariobangi in Nairobi. R
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egarding ICT adoption in Comboni missions and other faith-based organizations in Kenya, there is little empirical data available. The reasons are neglect by organization and information theorists who have focused on for-profit organizations and the unique nature of most faith-based organizations in general. Comboni missions are unique in terms of organizational culture and values, in their economies and in focus. They are faith-based and mostly voluntary in nature and seek no profits. Their economies are donor-dependent. They focus on accountability of received funds rather seek to attain competitive advantage. Donor funds allowing, ICT adoption may be adopted in a mission. This adoption is in isolation and without policy guidelines. The problem is haphazard adoption leading to poor adoption and low quality systems. To solve this problem, this study proposes a framework of how Comboni missions should adopt ICT; the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, (UTAUT).The framework proposes that Comboni missions device a policy to govern ICT adoption; involve stakeholders in the adoption, besides lending support in ICT infrastructure development where needed. The framework was validated and tested for accuracy through the inferential statistics (regression analysis model) at 5% level of confidence. The significance of the study is that by adopting ICT, Comboni missions will bridge the organizational divide; or attain the capacity and competence to adapt business and technological capacities of private and public organizations to be digitally competent. The Comboni missions would also bridge the digital divide currently plaguing the underdeveloped areas and the slums where Comboni missions offer services. The study findings are that policy, user behaviour, ICT infrastructure and community determine ICT adoption in Comboni missions and similar faith-based organizations." (Abstract)
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"ICTs in Developing Countries is a collection of conceptual and empirical works on the adoption and impacts of ICT use in developing societies. Bringing together a wide range of disciplines and contributors, it offers a rich examination of digital divide and ICT for development both in terms of cont
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extual information and disciplinary perspectives." (Publisher description)
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"The playbook addresses ten technology areas and explores how each might be applied to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). We provide a basic overview of each, discuss benefits, trends and challenges and make recommendations for what nonprofits, governments and the private sector can do
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to enhance the impact of these promising technologies against the SDGs. It is designed to be informative and actionable, a utilitarian resource for any organization seeking to leverage the most promising tools to address the highest priority challenges our world faces." (Foreword, page 5)
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"The rapid development of the information society has accentuated the importance of digital divides, which refer to economic and social inequalities among populations due to differences in access to, use of, or knowledge of information and communication technologies (ICT). This book discusses the cu
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rrent state of digital divides, ranging from global." (Publisher description)
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"For some decades western institutions have shared an enormous enthusiasm for Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D). Nevertheless, despite the field’s ever-increasing importance, research on it remains fragmented and lacks a theoretical foundation. By establishing a li
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nk between ICT4D and Modernization theory as one of the major development models, this paper aims to add some theoretical reflections to the body of existing research. Initially, a literature review of the most significant authors of Modernization theory serves as a theoretical base. Subsequently, empirical findings are systematized and embedded in the theoretical framework. The leading question is, whether ICT4D is connected to Modernization theory’s main lines of thought, both in theory and in the field." (Abstract)
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