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"We Might Call You in at Any Time": Free Speech Under Threat in Iraq

Belkis Wille

New York: Human Rights Watch (2020), 50 pp.

"In this report, Human Rights Watch documents 33 cases between 2016 and 2020 in which authorities in areas controlled by the federal government and the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) have arrested, brought charges against, and sentenced journalists, activists, and other dissenting voices under ... more

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Discurso de odio en América Latina: Tendencias de regulación, rol de los intermediarios y riesgos para la libertad de expresión

Marianne Díaz Hernández

Santiago de Chile: Derechos Digitales (2020), 24 pp.

"En gran parte de América Latina existen normas que buscan regular los actos de discurso, ya sea a través de normativas contra el discurso de odio, o mediante la penalización de los “delitos de honor” (cuyo traslado al ámbito civil y la correspondiente despenalización, dicho sea de paso, es ... more

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Jordan Media Assessment. White Paper: Freedom of Expression

USAID;Management Systems International (MSI) (2020), 17 pp.

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Protecting the Safety of Journalists, Protecting Freedom of Expression: A Handbook for EU Delegations
Key Guidance

Brussels: Media4Democracy (2020), 102 pp.

"This Handbook, which provides non-compulsory technical guidance to EU Delegations, aims to provide tools and hands-on examples to support them in implementing the the 2014 'EU Human Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online and Offline' and in taking actions to support the safety and securi ... more

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Understanding and Implementing the EU Human Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online & Offline: Freedom of Expression Policy Essentials Webinar. Quick Guide for EU Delegations

Brussels: Media4Democracy (2020), 31 pp.

"The EU Human Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online and Offline (the Guidelines) were approved by the Council of the European Union (EU) in 2014. The Guidelines provide a policy and operational foundation for EU Delegations, EU institutions and Member States working to support freedom of ... more

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5 Year Strategy 2020-2024

Leipzig: European Centre for Press and Media Freedom (ECPMF) (2020), 13 pp.

"This document sets out ECPMF’s strategic approach to tackle the existing and emerging challenges over the next five years. Starting in September 2019, the creation of this plan is the result of several stages of research, feedback from staff and board members as well as partners and beneficiaries ... more

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Social Media and Thailand's Struggle Over Public Space

Supalak Ganjanakhundee

Singapore: ISEAS (2020), 10 pp.

"Political divisions, the economic downturn after 2006, and technological disruptions have enabled Thai authorities to limit public space for political discussion and expression. People in Thailand have turned to social media instead. At present, the hashtag (#) is a growing tool for all kinds of po ... more

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COVID-19: The Role of Judicial Operators in the Protection and Promotion of the Right to Freedom of Expression: Guidelines

Joan Barata

Paris: UNESCO (2020), 13 pp.

"Judges and courts, both at national and regional levels, will find these guidelines useful to ensure the application of international and regional human rights standards of freedom of expression and privacy when ruling on cases involving States’ responses to the COVID-19 outbreak that have an imp ... more

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"Things Will Never be the Same Again": COVID-19 Effects on Freedom of Expression in Southern Africa, 2020 Research

Teldah Mawarire

Advancing Rights in Southern Africa (ARISA);Internews (2020), 23 pp.

"Sadly the research reveal that COVID-19 temporary measures and laws on lockdowns dented freedom of expression gains that had been made over the years with concerns that if there is no financial intervention or adoption of sustainable revenue solutions in SADC, print media that were already in finan ... more

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The Impact of COVID-19 on Digital Rights in Africa

African Declaration on Internet Rights and Freedoms Coalition (2020), 297 pp.

"This publication is a compilation of 19 articles by African researchers, academics, journalists and human and digital rights activists on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on digital rights in Africa. The articles were commissioned by the African Declaration on Internet Rights and Freedoms (AfDec ... ) Coalition as part of its project on “Securing human rights online in Africa through a strong and active ‘African Declaration on Internet Rights and Freedoms’ network”. The AfDec Coalition is a pan-African initiative which promotes human rights standards and principles of openness in internet policy formulation and implementation on the continent, guided by the 13 principles established in the African Declaration on Internet Rights and Freedoms. At the time that the papers were commissioned, in June 2020, African states had either invoked existing policies or adopted new policies for prevention of spread, containment and treatment of the virus that had an impact on the enjoyment of digital rights. For example, most governments employed the use of contact tracing applications to track and trace citizens’ movements and put in place measures criminalising free speech when it contained false information about the pandemic. These two examples had the potential to be abused, particularly the latter, which was used to silence journalists and government critics. The pandemic also moved most citizens’ communication, education, work, trade and access to basic services from physical interactions to primilary online interactions. However, the continent is still largely made up of informal economies, has a low internet penetration rate of 28.2% (far below the global average of around 53%), and has seen an increase in reports of digital rights violations resulting from repressive cyberlaws, making the efforts to address the pandemic inadequate and inequitable. These articles offer reflective analyses on government efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of the AfDec principles, with a focus on a number of the principles including privacy and personal data protection, gender equality, freedom of expression, internet access and affordability, and the right to development and access to knowledge." (Introduction) more

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Internet Shutdowns and the Limits of Law

Nicole Stremlau, Giovanni de Gregorio

International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 4224-4243

"Internet shutdowns are on the rise. In the past few years, an escalation of this blunt censoring practice has affected different regions of the world, particularly Africa and Asia. Scholars and advocates have proposed no substantive solutions to effectively address Internet shutdowns, and analysis ... more

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COVID-19 and the Impact on Freedom of Expression, Access to Information and Freedom of the Media

Antonina Cherevko

International Media Support (IMS) (2020), 8 pp.

"This paper is intended to provide IMS departments and colleagues with an overview of the trends and challenges to freedom of expression, freedom of the media and access to information stemming from national governments’ responses to the Coronavirus pandemic. First, the paper look into the general ... more

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Protecting Public Watchdogs Across the EU: A Proposal for an EU Anti-SLAPP Law
Key Guidance

Linda Maria Ravo, Justin Borg-Barhet, Xandra Kramer

Article 19;Civil Liberties Union for Europe;Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ);et al. (2020), 48 pp.

"Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPPs) are a form of legal harassment. Pursued by law firms on behalf of powerful individuals and organisations who seek to avoid public scrutiny, their aim is to drain the target’s financial and psychological resources and chill critical voices t ... more

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The Legal Framework on Freedom of Expression in Morocco

Jocelyn Grange

Rabat: Adala;IREX Europe;Article;UNESCO Office in Rabat (2019), 33 pp.

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Study of Freedom of Expression on the Internet in Senegal

Diouf Astou

Kampala: CIPESA;Jonction (2019), 33 pp.

External Link (11)

Google Scholar (9)

WorldCat (9)

Myanmar Media in Transition: Legacies, Challenges and Change
Top Insights

Lisa Brooten, Jane Madlyn McElhone, Gayathry Venkiteswaran (eds.)

Singapore: ISEAS (2019), xix, 407 pp.

"Myanmar Media in Transition: Legacies, Challenges and Change is the first volume to overview the country’s contemporary media landscape, providing a critical assessment of the sector during the complex and controversial political transition. Moving beyond the focus on journalism and freedom of th ... more

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WorldCat (10)

Catholic Church and the Public Sphere: Dialogue, Respect and Freedom of Expression

Jordi Pujol, Cristian Mendoza (eds.)

Roma: Edizioni Santa Croce (2019), 156 pp.

"This volume brings together the lectures and presentations of the main speakers at the eleventh edition of the Professional Seminar for Church Communications Offices: Dialogue, Respect and Freedom of Expression in the Public Sphere, organized by the School of Church Communications of the Pontifical ... more

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Media, Freedom of Speech, and Democracy in the EU and Beyond

Angelos Giannakpoulos (ed.)

Tel Aviv University, S. Daniel Abraham Center for International and Regional Studies (2019), 158 pp.

External Link (9)

Google Scholar (7)

WorldCat (7)

From Blogging to Digital Rights: Telecommunications Reform in Myanmar

Htaike Htaike Aung, Wai Myo Htut

In: Myanmar Media in Transition: Legacies, Challenges and Change

Lisa Brooten; Jane Madlyn McElhone; Gayathry Venkiteswaran (eds.)

Singapore: ISEAS (2019), pp. 366-376

"The uptake of telecommunications technology in Myanmar has been nothing short of dramatic. After years of restricted access to information and freedom of expression, it has been a remarkable journey for civil society groups like MIDO to witness the growing interest and demand, especially among the ... more

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Media Ownership Monitor Pakistan

Reporters Without Borders;Freedom Network (2019), 1134 pp.

"The Media Ownership Monitor found that a high degree of concentration in ownership and audience share prevails in the media industry in Pakistan and a professionally weak regulatory system poses a threat to media pluralism and freedom of expression in the country." (http://Pakistan.mom-rsf.org/en)

Protecting the Safety of Journalists, Protecting Freedom of Expression: A Handbook for EU Delegations Key Guidance

Protecting Public Watchdogs Across the EU: A Proposal for an EU Anti-SLAPP Law Key Guidance

Myanmar Media in Transition: Legacies, Challenges and Change Top Insights

Protecting the Safety of Journalists, Protecting Freedom of Expression: A Handbook for EU Delegations
Key Guidance

Protecting Public Watchdogs Across the EU: A Proposal for an EU Anti-SLAPP Law
Key Guidance

Myanmar Media in Transition: Legacies, Challenges and Change
Top Insights