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371
Inspiring Practice
3
Key Guidance
12
Quick Overview
1
Top Insights
16
Topics
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
62
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
58
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
50
Female Journalists & Media Workers
48
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
37
War Reporting
30
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
28
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
26
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
25
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
23
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
23
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
22
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
18
Self-Censorship
16
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
16
Investigative Journalism
15
Journalism Education & Training
14
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
13
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
13
Foreign Correspondents
13
Censorship
10
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
9
Freedom of Expression
8
United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
8
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
8
Election Reporting
8
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
8
Media Law & Regulation
8
Human Rights Protection
8
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
7
COVID-19 Communication
7
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
6
Crime & Violence Reporting
6
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
6
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
5
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
5
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
5
Emergency Medical Aid
5
United Nations (UN)
5
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
5
Law Enforcement, Litigations, Legal Practice, Case Law, Jurisdiction
5
Research in Media & Communication
5
Editorial Independence
4
Media / Communication Control
4
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
4
Community Radios
4
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
4
UNESCO
4
Journalism
4
Journalism Education Curricula
4
Journalists
4
Local Journalism
4
Photojournalism
4
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
4
Advocacy
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
3
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
3
Political Cartoons & Comics
3
Freedom of Expression Principles
3
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
3
Journalistic Social Media Use
3
Minority Journalists
3
Humanitarian Law
3
Countering Defamation & Harassment
3
Journalism Ethics
3
Good Practice Examples
3
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
3
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
3
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
3
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
3
Police
3
Democracy / Democratization and Media
3
Film & Video Advocacy / Activism
2
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
2
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
2
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
2
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
2
Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
2
Legal Threats to Media Freedom
2
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
2
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
2
Storytelling
2
Boko Haram
2
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
2
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
2
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
2
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
2
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
2
Search Engines
2
Social Media
2
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
2
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
2
Documenting Human Rights Violations
2
Environmental Journalism
2
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
2
Foreign News, International News
2
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
2
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
2
Council of Europe
2
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
2
Journalistic Research Methods
2
Journalistic Skills
2
Exiled Journalists
2
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
2
Legal Status of Journalists
2
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
2
Television Journalism
2
Media Assistance
2
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
2
Human Rights Violations
2
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
2
Political Transition and Media
2
Research Methods
2
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
2
Corruption & Combating Corruption
2
Networks & Networking
2
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
1
Open Data
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
1
Advocacy Campaigns
1
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Election Campaigns
1
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
1
Film Distribution
1
Film Editing
1
Chilling Effects (Discouragement of Legitimate Exercise of Legal Rights)
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Countering Press Freedom Violations by Legal Actions
1
State Influence on the Media
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Terrorism
1
Gaza War (2023-)
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
1
Iraq War (2003)
1
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Social Change & Media / Communication
1
Algorithms & Big Data
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Digital & Information Literacy
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Social Media in Political Communication
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
AI Reporting
1
Romani People
1
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Media Commercialisation
1
Distribution of Media
1
Television Markets
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Defamation, Libel, Slander
1
Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Defamation Law & Regulation
1
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Self-Assessment, Self-Evaluation
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
1
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
1
History of Journalism
1
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
European Union (EU)
1
Associations & Networks of Journalists
1
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
1
Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Information Sources of Journalists
1
Journalism Studies & Research
1
Journalism Studies: Research Projects
1
Journalistic Genres
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
News Agencies
1
Radio Journalism
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Reporting
1
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
1
Translations & Translating
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Media Assistance: Elections
1
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
1
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
1
Media Development Indicators
1
Media & Communication Policies
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
1
Legal Protection
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
1
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Photographers
1
Military
1
Political Extremism
1
Populism
1
Security
1
Personal Safety
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Political Communication
1
Propaganda
1
Public Spheres
1
Video Production Skills
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
1
Assassination
1
Human Security
1
Rohingya
1
Blockchain Technologies
1
Data Protection (Computer Software)
1
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
1
Open Source Software
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Television
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
The struggle for authority and legitimacy: Lifestyle and political journalists’ discursive boundary work
Journalism, volume 24, issue 10 (2023), pp. 2155–2173
"Scholarship has pointed to an artificial hierarchy between political and lifestyle journalism that is rooted in norms and values stemming from Western-liberal thought. Within this distinction, lifestyle journalism has been subordinated as occupying a marginal or peripheral position in the field. Ye
...
Examining Violence against Journalists in Conflict Areas: Iraq, Syria, and Afghanistan
Journal of Communication and Media Studies, volume 8, issue 2 (2023), pp. 49-64
"Due to the increasing number of journalists being killed, kidnapped, and imprisoned across the globe, the safety of journalists seems to be deteriorating. The level of violence against journalists varies over time and from area to area, even within the same country. This article analyzes the violen
...
What it's like to be a journalist in the Sahel
Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2023), 39 pp.
Blurred Boundaries of Journalism to Guarantee Safety: Approaches of Resistance and Resilience for Investigative Journalism in Latin America
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 916-935
"News organizations and journalists around the world have seen an increase in threats and attacks against themselves and their work. In Latin America, this is heightened by the ongoing state of violence. To continue producing quality investigative journalism, professionals must find ways to deal wit
...
Assessing safety of journalism practice in Ghana: Key stakeholders’ perspectives
Cogent Social Sciences, volume 9, issue 1: 2225836 (2023), 16 pp.
"This study sought to use the self-reporting method of survey as well as key informant interviews to investigate the depth and spread of the problem. A total of 115 respondents took part in the survey. Additionally, eight interviews were conducted with key stakeholders. The study found that the most
...
Presiones económicas: El principal factor de riesgo para la independencia del periodismo
Bogotá: Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP); Cifras & Conceptos (2023), 13 pp.
"La Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP), el Círculo de Periodistas de Bogotá y Cifras & Conceptos presentan los resultados de la "Encuesta de Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la Información". En la encuesta participaron 585 periodistas y columnistas en 6 regiones del país y 9 de ellos
...
External Monitoring of Coercive Agents and the Murders of Journalists: A Cross-National Study of Journalist Killings, 1992–2018
Human Rights Quarterly, volume 45, issue 1 (2023), pp. 32-61
"Targeted attacks on journalists are internationally condemned crimes, which not only undermine freedom of expression, but also symbolize an utter disregard for basic human rights. Yet, murders of journalists occur in all types of regimes, whether autocratic or democratic. This article explores the
...
Pandemic, politics, and the safety of journalists: Downward spiral of press freedom in India
Review of Communication, volume 23, issue 3 (2023), pp. 210-227
"According to the 2023 World Press Freedom Index rankings by the RSF, India ranks 161 out of 180 countries. One of the important indicators that the index bases the ranking on is the level of violence against the journalists and their overall safety. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indian governme
...
Syrian Journalists Covering the War: Assessing Perceptions of Fear and Security
Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 1 (2023), pp. 44-62
"This article analyses the dangers and threats faced by Syrian journalists covering the conflict since the pro-democracy protests erupted in March 2011. While most Western research on the Syrian Revolution has focused on the working difficulties faced by correspondents, parachutists or foreign freel
...
Periodistas en México: Encuesta de sus perfiles demográficos, laborales y profesionales
Global Media Journal - México, volume 20, issue 39 (2023), pp. 110–159
"Para que el periodismo pueda realizar su función democrática, es preciso que el contexto político, social y económico le permita su desarrollo en toda forma. Aunque en el pasado estuvo caracterizado por la cooptación y la censura, el periodismo mexicano reciente ha mostrado prácticas innovado
...
"Overall, our study found that many journalists and media workers from minority backgrounds were experiencing online harassment and abuse from members of the public, and that often, this behaviour was considered ‘part of the job’ in the modern, digital environment. While we found some employers
...
‘No Difference Between Journalism and Suicide’: Challenges for Journalists Covering Conflict in Balochistan
Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 3 (2023), pp. 344-363
"The safety of journalists reporting from conflict zones is a complex issue as they are exposed to a variety of challenges on a daily basis. This research aims to identify those multi-dimensional challenges that make Balochistan one of the world’s riskiest places for journalists. Based on 30 in-de
...
Fleeing Danger for a Better Life? A Social-ecological Study of Internally Displaced Journalists in Mexico
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 990-1007
"The study of forced internal displacement (FID) frequently focuses on the personal effects of structural violence. However, the targeted victimization of members of risky occupations is less studied, neglecting the importance of professional factors in mediating people's experiences of displacement
...
Journalists’ Level of Safety at Election Seasons in Southwest Nigeria
Asia Social Issues, volume 16, issue 3, e260022 (2023), 11 pp.
"The study used survey-style descriptive research. All of southwest Nigeria’s media outlets made up the population. 200 respondents made up the study’s sample, using a multistage sampling approach that included stratified random and simple random sampling techniques. A questionnaire titled “Le
...
Data Sharing to Foster Information as a Public Good: The Case of Media Viability and Safety of Journalists in the Digital Ecosystem
Paris: UNESCO (2023), 17 pp.
"Trends towards greater transparency of platforms, in the form of extending cooperation around data, offer benefit to the interests of all stakeholders. This policy brief considers the normative, institutional and technical mechanisms that support access to datasets that are not accessible generally
...
Safety of Journalists in Ghana
In: The State of the Ghanaian Media Report
Accra: University of Ghana, Department of Communication Studies; Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA) (2023), pp. 60-70
"The continual threats against the lives of journalists have been blamed for Ghana’s decline in the World Press Freedom Index ranking for the past two years. Even though much of the evidence for this has primarily been anecdotal, various efforts have been undertaken to compile reports of abuses th
...
Investigative Journalism in the Digital Age: An Online Safety Checklist
Public Media Alliance (2023), 1 p.
"This ten-point checklist highlights key tips for journalists undertaking digital approaches to investigative journalism." (Introduction)
