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Media Freedom, Press Freedom
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Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
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Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
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Female Journalists & Media Workers
48
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
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War Reporting
30
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
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Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
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Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
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Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
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Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
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Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
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Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
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Self-Censorship
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
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Investigative Journalism
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Journalism Education & Training
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Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
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Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
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Foreign Correspondents
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Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
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Freedom of Expression
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United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
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Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
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Election Reporting
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Media Law & Regulation
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Human Rights Protection
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Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
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COVID-19 Communication
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Exile Journalism, Exile Media
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Crime & Violence Reporting
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Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
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Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
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Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
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Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
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Emergency Medical Aid
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United Nations (UN)
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Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
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Research in Media & Communication
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Editorial Independence
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Media / Communication Control
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Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
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Community Radios
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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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UNESCO
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Journalism
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Journalism Education Curricula
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Journalists
4
Local Journalism
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Photojournalism
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Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
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Advocacy
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
3
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
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Political Cartoons & Comics
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Freedom of Expression Principles
3
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
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Journalistic Social Media Use
3
Minority Journalists
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Humanitarian Law
3
Countering Defamation & Harassment
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Journalism Ethics
3
Good Practice Examples
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Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
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Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
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Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
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Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
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Police
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Democracy / Democratization and Media
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Film & Video Advocacy / Activism
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Media Advocacy, Media Activism
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Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
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Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
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Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
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Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
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Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
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Storytelling
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Boko Haram
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Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
2
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
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Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
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Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
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Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
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Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
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Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
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Social Media
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Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
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Documenting Human Rights Violations
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Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
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Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
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Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
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Council of Europe
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UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
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Journalistic Research Methods
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Journalistic Skills
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Exiled Journalists
2
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
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Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
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Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
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Television Journalism
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Media Assistance
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Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
2
Human Rights Violations
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Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
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Political Transition and Media
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Research Methods
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Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
2
Corruption & Combating Corruption
2
Networks & Networking
2
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
1
Open Data
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
1
Advocacy Campaigns
1
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Election Campaigns
1
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
1
Film Distribution
1
Film Editing
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
State Influence on the Media
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Terrorism
1
Gaza War (2023-)
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
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Iraq War (2003)
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Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
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Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
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Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
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International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
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Social Change & Media / Communication
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Algorithms & Big Data
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Digital & Information Literacy
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Social Media in Political Communication
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
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Twitter & Microblogs
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AI Reporting
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Romani People
1
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
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Media Commercialisation
1
Distribution of Media
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Television Markets
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Public Goods, Commons
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Accountability & Transparency of the Media
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Defamation, Libel, Slander
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Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Defamation Law & Regulation
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Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Self-Regulation of Media
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Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
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Self-Assessment, Self-Evaluation
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
1
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
1
History of Journalism
1
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
European Union (EU)
1
Associations & Networks of Journalists
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Reporters Sans Frontièrs
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Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
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Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
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Information Sources of Journalists
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Journalism Studies & Research
1
Journalism Studies: Research Projects
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Journalistic Genres
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Journalistic Quality
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Journalistic Style & Language
1
News Agencies
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Radio Journalism
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Reporting
1
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
1
Translations & Translating
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Media Assistance: Elections
1
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
1
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
1
Media Development Indicators
1
Media & Communication Policies
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
1
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Photographers
1
Military
1
Political Extremism
1
Populism
1
Security
1
Personal Safety
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Political Communication
1
Propaganda
1
Public Spheres
1
Video Production Skills
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
1
Assassination
1
Human Security
1
Rohingya
1
Blockchain Technologies
1
Data Protection (Computer Software)
1
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
1
Open Source Software
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Television
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
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"The News Organizations Safety Self-Assessment provides a tool for news outlets to review and improve safety practices and protocols that affect the newsroom and journalists out in the field. The Self-Assessment should help news organizations to identify and better understand their own weaknesses an ... more

Turkey: How to deal with threats to journalism?

In: Transnational Othering – Global Diversities: Media, Extremism and Free Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2019), pp. 171-190
"Journalism has always been an unsafe practice in modern Turkey. However, ties between the political system and democracy have been severed by the recent witch-hunt following the most recent failed coup, in 2016, and the subsequent societal collapse triggered by the administration of the state of em ... more
"Drawing from 93 semi-structured, in-person interviews with journalists from 23 states, this article analyzes the relation between trust and risk perception in Mexican journalism. It focuses on how Mexican journalists perceive and experience public trust placed in them as social actors, and how it i ... more
"This article takes UNESCO’s Academic Research Agenda on Safety of Journalists as its point of departure. We present an overview of contributions to a selection of research conferences and academic publications focusing on safety of journalists and categorize them according to the research agenda. ... more
"The central focus of this study is the dynamic and complex relationship between elections and (digital) media. This choice of focus is explained by the need to safeguard the integrity and credibility of electoral processes, as well as the role of the news media during election periods, in the face ... more
"This report assesses the question of how women in media are being targeted and how journalism is impacted by gender specific harassment and violence. It also looks at to what extent this issue is being effectively addressed on a national level and supported by the international community since the ... more
"The period between 2014 through the end of 2018 has seen 495 journalists killed, according to UNESCO data, which represents an 18% increase in the number of killings as compared to the preceding 5-year period (2009-2013). Based on the number of killings, the most dangerous regions for journalists a ... more
"As I am writing this, the United Nations has counted 68 journalists killed in the line of duty around the world in 2018 (UNESCO, 2018a). That is nothing unusual. From 2012 to 2016, 530 journalists died on the job - an average of two per week. Very few of these are accidental deaths. Some are killed ... more
"The Arab world was taken by surprise when mass protests erupted in Tunisia in December 2010, followed by mass protests in Egypt in January 2011. Much optimism was expressed towards a new era for journalism freedom in the Arab world, in Egypt specifically with the fall of Hosni Mubarak and the long ... more
"El manual fue creado por IWPR en base a las experiencias y recomendaciones de periodistas trabajando en Cuba, con la participación de expertos y varias organizaciones internacionales comprometidas con la libertad de expresión y la protección de periodistas. El producto final es único en su tipo ... more
"This article presents findings from investigations of acclaimed gender employment changes in Israeli journalism, focusing on two main questions: Is the feminisation process of Israeli journalism continuing? Is it improving women’s employment and occupational status? Data were gathered from two in ... more
"La publication de ce "Manuel de protection des journalistes" rentre justement dans le cadre des actions que mène JED pour la sécurisation des journalistes et autres professionnels des médias dans leur travail. Cette sécurisation, nous essayons de la promouvoir par la sensibilisation, et par des ... more
"Mention journalists' safety in a conversation, and the spontaneous mental image is often that of a war correspondent. However, in 2017 at least, 55 per cent of the killings of journalists registered by UNESCO were not in countries with significant armed conflict (UNESCO, 2018a). In addition, and as ... more
"Without a doubt, the combined power of the public arena and broadcast media is a very efective social tool for collective action in Afghanistan. Yet there are serious limits to both the media’s self-advocacy and the public’s strong and unwavering support. Te media-related crimes and murders men ... more
"This chapter investigates the relationship between civic networking coalitions and public interest communication, and an opportunity to explore how the coalitions produce 'public interest-forming practices'. It examines the ability of civic networking coalitions to act and, next, to investigate whi ... more