"Libya’s contested and, at times, chaotic political scene is reflected in its media, which represents a range of political and vested interests, sparking narrative and counter narrative. Ultimately, it has left people frustrated that they cannot access the information that they need. In Tunisia, t
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he media is seen to have made progress, albeit not enough for a media-literate and knowledgeable audience that places great importance on its role in political change, particularly as an accountability tool. Nonetheless, Tunisians’ demand for accurate, transparent and impartial information outlined in this report can be seen as a considerable cause for optimism, and a necessary pre-requisite to meaningful change." (Conclusions)
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"This paper focuses on the contribution of a community radio (Serian Radio) to community empowerment of women among pastoralist communities in Northern Kenya. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 4 divisions for the study. Data was gathered to determine the extent to which women parti
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cipate in Serian FM programmes, productions that address the various issues facing Samburu women and the challenges faced by Serian FM in addressing various issues facing Samburu women. The paper established that Serian radio has worked to improve awareness and knowledge to solutions of community challenges and women issues in particular. The station has proved to be appropriate medium that has facilitated an interface It is recommended that regular feedback from the listening public is essential in identifying listeners’ preferences and the taste of various listeners segments (youth, women, men, aged, etc) and to avoid politics and religion." (Abstract)
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"As in much of the Arab World, satellite TV is almost ubiquitous in Iraq, present in 97.3% of households (versus 35.1% with radio and 50.4% with the Internet). Ethnic Kurds and those with a college degree are much more likely t han other Iraqis to have Internet access at home; those living in Anbar
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province are less likely than average to have it (21.9%), as are Iraqis with only some intermediate education or less (37.7%). More than nine in 10 Iraqis (92.2%) have their own mobile phone, and 35% have accessed the Internet via mobile device in the past week. The ongoing conflict has displaced many residents and has hindered their access to TV, radio, and the Internet. More than one-quarter (27.0%) of Iraqis say that they have been “displaced” in the past 12 months." (Page 1)
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"The internet is often celebrated for the abundant opportunities it appears to offer citizens to become more informed about and inspired to act on issues related to international development and distant suffering. But to what extent do users actually make use of such opportunities? And what social p
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rocesses are such decisions governed by? This article begins to answer these questions by analysing the results of a two-month study of UK internet users’ online behaviour. The results reveal, not just a general resistance to using the internet to develop a cosmopolitan consciousness, but also the dominant modes of avoidance that participants used to justify their inactivity. I conclude that the potential for digital cosmopolitanism appears to be primarily governed, not by the peculiarities of individual texts or even the properties of the technology, but by the nature and acceptability of pre-existing discursive resources and how they are deployed by users." (Abstract)
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"En février et en mars 2015 Media in Transition and Cooperation (MiCT) et la Fondation Friedrich Ebert à Bamako (FES) en coopération avec l’Institut d’Economie rurale malien ont procédé à une analyse de l’usage des médias à Bamako et dans sept chefs-lieux régionaux ainsi que dans troi
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s agglomérations rurales au Mali. 1.800 personnes ont eu l’occassion de s’exprimer sur leur propre écoute des médias et de donner leur opinion. Les résultats présentés dans ce rapport démontrent que la radio demeure le média le plus populaire et que presque tout le monde y a accès mais que la télévision progresse et qu’en particulier dans les zones urbaines de plus en plus de gens ont accès à un téléviseur. La distribution de la presse et l’extension du réseau Internet restent limités mais l’usage d’Internet et des réseaux sociaux se développe en particulier dans les classes de la population plus jeune et jouissant d’un niveau d’éducation plus élevé. La téléphonie mobile gagne en ampleur mais la plupart des personnes interrogées utilisent des modèles de téléphones portables simples parce que l’usage de Smartphones et de Tablets présuppose la capacité de lire et d’écrire. L’éducation reste la clé qui amène à l’usage des nouveaux médias : l’étude démontre de prime abord que ce sont les personnes ayant achevé leur cycle scolaire qui se servent de toute la panoplie des médias, de la radio à la téléphonie portable et que ce sont eux aussi qui se montrent les plus critiques par rapport à l’offre médiatique (y compris des programmes francophones tels que TV5 Monde, RFI ou France 24). L’émetteur public ORTM domine le marché grâce à l’extension de son réseau et de sa position de monopole en tant que télévision." (Résumé)
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"Vietnam has a highly engaged, optimistic and entrepreneurial population and a rapidly changing media environment. Television remains the most used medium and the top source for news and information ¡V especially from official TV. Vietnam severely restricts its news media but Vietnamese want their
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media to present the country and its people in a positive light. Vietnamese adults tend to say they trust blogs more than official news, though serious blogging is very risky. Young people are pushing digital media forward by what they own and what they do digitally. Mobile is the dominant platform. Google, Facebook and YouTube are very widely used. Across demographic segments, conflicts in the South China Sea are seen as Vietnam¡¦s most serious problem and Vietnamese overwhelming support of Western involvement in resolving this issue." (Conclusions, slide 36)
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"Key Takeaways: Iraq is divided and in transition. You cannot have an actionable understanding of media habits without analyzing specific "target" audiences. All media platforms matter, depending on the audience." (Slide 33)
"Radio und Fernsehen sind unverändert die Leitmedien in allen Lebenswelten. Sie bleiben die meistgenutzten Medien in allen Milieus. Das Internet hat in den avantgardistischen Milieus der Performer und des expeditiven Milieus die höchste Reichweite. Tageszeitungen erreichen diese Milieus nur noch i
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n geringem Maße und werden vor allem von den konservativen und traditionellen Milieus gelesen. Die Gesamtnutzungsdauer der Medien unterscheidet sich zwischen den Milieus nur wenig und liegt netto bei ca. 8,5 Stunden täglich. Fernsehen und Radio haben wie in der Reichweite die größten Anteile an der Nutzungsdauer. Das Internet kann im expeditiven Milieu die Werte von Fernsehen und Radio übertreffen, bleibt aber vor allem in den traditionellen Milieus deutlich dahinter. Die Tageszeitung spielt mit einer täglichen Nutzungsdauer von 23 Minuten hier nur eine geringe Rolle. Die Nutzungsmotive für die einzelnen Medien sind in allen Milieus ähnlich. Information ist für alle tagesaktuellen Medien außer Radio das am häufigsten genannte Nutzungsmotiv, bei Radio steht der Spaß noch vor dem Informationsbedürfnis. Spaß steht für das Internet und das Fernsehen an zweiter, für die Tageszeitung erst an vierter Stelle. Beim Direktvergleich der Medien belegt Fernsehen in der Gesamtbevölkerung für alle Motive die erste Stelle („trifft am meisten/an zweiter Stelle zu auf...“). Die modernen Milieus erfüllen ihre Informationsbedürfnisse (Denkanstöße, Information und nützliche Alltagsdinge) aber immer mehr im Internet. Radio kann sich in fast allen Milieus bei Entspannung und Spaß an die zweite Stelle setzen." (Fazit, Seite 440-441)
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"The article discusses the relationship of young engaged Catholics in Slovakia to the various media outlets which they follow. It attempts to reveal which media outlets are considered to be inspiring and thought-provoking and how are they perceived and evaluated by their followers. The author draws
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from extensive research into the interpretation of Church news and current affairs within the community of young engaged Catholics; therefore, the findings related to media reception presented herein also include demographical and personality characteristics for individual audiences. The findings are also presented within the context of three specific Church-related news stories: the contentious removal of Róbert Bezák from his position as Archbishop of Trnava, the financial separation of the Church and state, and clerical celibacy. The underlying research was conducted using combined questionnaires, both quantitative and qualitative, on a sample of 339 suitable respondents. The research reveals that the most inspiring Slovak media outlet according to the young engaged Catholics is the secular weekly týžden, followed by the Catholic television channel Lux. The research has revealed a significant discrepancy between the opinions of the audiences of secular media and the audiences of official Church media: while the former are very critical of Church media, the latter seem to be more reluctant to turn to secular media." (Abstract)
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"Afghanistan had the highest rate of suffering in the world for 2013 and 2014. Those with a post-secondary education are the most avid media users for news overall. Highly educated Afghans were more likely to use TV, radio, Internet, SMS, and social media on a daily basis for news than other segment
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s of the population. Radio remains important but TV is the most popular platform and new media is still nascent. TV is dominant in the North due to availability of electricity." (Key takeaways, page 40)
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"We report on a field experiment and a focus group interview study that examine the impact of a media-based intervention (i.e., radio drama) aimed at promoting peaceful intergroup relations in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In Study 1, we used a priming paradigm to assess the causal
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impact of the intervention among 1,522 Congolese community members in North and South Kivu. The results revealed mixed effects of the media intervention on psychological outcomes: Priming the radio drama increased inclusive victim consciousness while reducing exclusive victim consciousness and social distance. However, priming also increased support for conformity toward leaders, and reduced the belief that cross-group discussions can resolve problems in community. Findings from a follow-up focus group interview study (with 6 focus groups, N = 51) shed light on possible reasons for these mixed results. We discuss why strategies that are effective in improving intergroup relations in the aftermath of violence might not be as effective in settings of ongoing violence." (Abstract)
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"Television remains the most popular medium in all provinces surveyed and among the different groups of respondents. It is also the most preferred source of information, followed by Radio. A great majority of the population watches TV on a daily basis. More than half of the population spends between
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1-2 hours a day in front of a television. Women are more likely to watch television on a daily basis, while men are more likely to spend more time in front of a television at one time. The use of internet is increasingly becoming popular in Afghanistan. It is a close second to television, but internet users are spending fewer hours a day online. Women politicians are found to be the most frequent users of internet. With television and internet dominating media use habits, radio is found to be falling in popularity among the population [...] When respondents were asked to rank the most important issue that women face in Afghanistan, discrimination (70%), male dominance (70%) and gender abuse (65%) were among the top five. While there was no differences among respondents on the importance of security; access to education (80%) and lack of family support (64%) ranked among the top five most important issues for women." (Executive summary)
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"Vietnam's government-run VTV television network continues to dominate the country's media landscape. However, the current survey also points to a powerful generational shift in media use toward online news sources and less dependence on state TV. This trend is perhaps more clearly reflected in the
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results when Vietnamese adults are asked to name the three media outlets that are their most important sources of information. While almost three-fourths of those age 35 and older (74.1%) include VTV among their responses, less than half of those age 15-34 (48.6%) do so. Young people, in turn, are more likely to name online sources - most commonly the popular Vietnamese news and information portals 24 Gio and Dantri.com, and the global social media giant Facebook." (Page 1)
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"Radio was found to be the most frequently used media channel with 46% of the respondents listening to radio on a daily basis and a further 30% listenership on a weekly basis. Newspapers were found to be the least used media with 22% of the respondents reading newspapers less than once a month. The
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overall perception on all media is that they are mostly informing electorate and influencing choice of leaders with up to 29% attesting to this. Fewer respondents at 10% feel that media is
exposing poor leadership. Comparing the different media, TV was found to have more influence on service delivery than the other media with 18% followed by Radio and Newspapers with 14% and 8% respectively. On the other hand, Newspapers were found to play the greatest role in exposing poor leadership with 16%. Radio was found to be the main source of actionable knowledge compared to the other media at 14% though this is closely followed by TV and Newspapers at 13% and 12% respectively. All three media are generally doing poor in influencing perceptions on social issues with Newspapers leading at only 6%. Majority of the newspapers, radio and TV stations are almost similar in programming areas with little differentiation. Few newspapers come out strongly in specific coverage areas. The major dislike for many programmes and stations is the limited time allocation. Media consumers generally feel that the media outlets would perform better if they improved reach and improved on level of programming." (Executive summary)
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"Education and language skills are the main factors that influence which platform women access most frequently. Daily TV use is similar for men and women but women tend to lag men in frequent radio and internet use. Once a country reaches a critical mass in mobile penetration, gaps between both male
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and female ownership levels decrease. The largest gaps exist in countries that are still developing mobile capacity." (Summary, page 35)
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"This article describes the views of parents, children, and teachers concerning media use by Indonesian children. Survey data of parents (N=462), children (N=589), and teachers (N=104) show that children see themselves as more advanced users of new media than their parents. Their perception of their
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media experiences is also markedly different from that of their parents, while teachers' views are comparable to those of the parents. The latter claim to have established media use rules, which children tend to view as guidelines subject to debate rather than binding instructions. There is different use of old versus new media, parents show little awareness of or involvement with newer media." (Abstract)
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"Just 18.1% of Pakistanis say they follow current events about the country “a lot,” but almost half (47.7%) follow current events “somewhat.” About one-third report being less attentive, following current events “very little” (29.6%) or “not at all” (4.6%). Results trend upward with
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education level; 30.0% of those with an intermediate education or more say they follow current events a lot. As in many predominantly Muslim countries, interest in media coverage of religious issues is widespread in Pakistan; 78.4% of adults are very or somewhat interested in the topic, with little variation by gender or education. Pakistanis also tend to be attracted to news about domestic politics (67.6%), with men and better-educated residents being most likely to express interest. At least six in 10 Pakistanis overall are interested in three topics with direct relevance to their daily lives: health and healthcare (64.6%), education (60.7%) and human rights (59.8%). Science, technology and IT issues are least likely to elicit interest, though young adults are somewhat more likely than those 25 and older to be interested in these topics." (Page 1)
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"Russians are keen news consumers. Most (79.0%) access some type of news at least daily, and nearly all (95.4%) do this at least weekly. Nearly all Russians (95.5%) are turning to television – which continues to dominate the media market in 2013 – for their news each week. However, as more Russi
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ans get Internet access – seven in 10 have access at home in 2013 – more of them are getting their news online. A majority of Russians (56.4%) now say they get their news from the Internet at least once a week, up slightly from 50.4% in 2012. The Internet outdistances traditional media such as newspapers and magazines (49.8%) and radio (43.8%) as sources for weekly news. Still, more Russians are getting their weekly news fix from a less technological source – word of mouth. More than seven in 10 say they get their news each week from family members and friends. Young Russians between the ages of 15 and 24 rely on new media for their news more than any other age group. Nine in 10 Russians aged 15 to 24 (90.0%) say they go online for news at least once a week, versus about three in four of those aged 25 to 44 (75.6%) and 30.4% of those aged 45 and older. Young Russians are also far more likely than their older counterparts to say they get news from social networking services (62.3%), SMS/text messages (52.0%), and from mobile apps (34.4%) that frequently." (Page 1)
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