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Taliban
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Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
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Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
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Popular Cultures
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Media Effects
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Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
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Research in Media & Communication
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Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
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Catholic Church and Communication
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Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
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Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
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Development Journalism & Media Representation of Development Issues
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Convergence of Media
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Internet Shutdowns
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Digital Economies, Digital Societies
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Information Society
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Racism in Communication & Media
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Media Industries
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Press Councils
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World Information and Communication Order
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Reporters Sans Frontièrs
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Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
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Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
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Press Law & Regulation
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Magazines
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Muslim Media
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Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
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SMS
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Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
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Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
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Area & Regional Studies
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Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
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Catholic Media Organizations
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Child Protection, Protection of Minors
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Exile Journalism, Exile Media
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Copyright Law
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Legal Threats to Media Freedom
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OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
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Government Communication Strategies
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Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
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Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
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Alternative Press
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Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
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Traditional Communication
2
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
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Terrorism
2
Civil Wars
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Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
2
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
2
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
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Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
2
Development Assistance
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Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
2
Poverty Reduction: Role of Media
2
Digital Communication, Digital Media
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
Multimedia Products & Production
2
Blogging, Blogs
2
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
2
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
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Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
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Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
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Media Commercialisation
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Media Markets
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Training
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Soap Operas & Telenovelas
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Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
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Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
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Women (General)
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Women's Magazines, Women's Press
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COVID-19 Communication
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Colonial Legacies
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Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
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Foreign News, International News
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Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
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Foreign Policies
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Council of Europe
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Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
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Legal Status of Journalists
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News
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Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
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Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
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Local Communication & Media
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Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
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Information Policies
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Civil Rights
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Internet Governance, Internet Policies
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Judiciary & Penal System
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Licensing of Media
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National Security Legislation
2
Nationalisation of Media
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Religious Freedom
2
Right to Reply, Right of Recitification
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Financing Media, Financial Media Management
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Refugees / Displaced People
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
2
Government Policies
2
Internal Politics
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Military
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Political Transition
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Public Interest
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National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
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Political Communication
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Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
2
Manipulation
2
Religion and Politics
2
Media Sustainability Index (MSI)
2
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
2
Social Conflicts, Social Problems
2
Corruption & Combating Corruption
2
Social Change
2
Telecommunications
2
Telecommunication Infrastructure
2
Al-Jazeera
2
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
1
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
1
Flow of Information
1
Advertising Markets & Industries
1
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
1
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
1
Print Media Use, Press Readers
1
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
1
Book Publishing
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catholic Media
1
Catholic Press
1
Catholic Radios
1
Leo XIV (Pope)
1
Children and Media
1
Orthodox Churches
1
WACC
1
Film Industries
1
Films
1
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
1
Intellectual Property
1
Open Licensing, Creative Commons, Public Domain
1
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
History of Press Freedom & Censorship
1
Right to be Forgotten
1
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
1
Communication Strategies
1
Public Relations
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
1
Community Television
1
Participatory Communication
1
Genocides
1
International Conflicts
1
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
1
Violence in the Media
1
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Media Criticism
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
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Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
1
Anthropology of Media & Communication
1
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
1
Cultural Change
1
Cultural Identity
1
Cultural Studies
1
Literature
1
Authors, Writers
1
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
1
National Character
1
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1
World Bank
1
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1
Information For All Programme (IFAP/UNESCO)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Millenium Development Goals (MDG)
1
Good Governance
1
North South Relations
1
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
1
Influence of Media on Development Aid
1
Rural Communication for Development
1
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
1
Social Change & Media / Communication
1
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Search Engines
1
Facebook
1
Journalistic Social Media Use
1
Telegram
1
YouTube
1
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
1
Artificial Intelligence
1
AI Reporting
1
ICT Industries & Markets
1
Information Highway
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
1
LGBT & Communication / Media
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Racism
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Information Management
1
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
1
Economics of Media
1
Commercial Broadcasting
1
Distribution of Media
1
Game Industries, Game Production
1
Printing Industries
1
Informal Sector, Informal Economy
1
Television Markets
1
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
1
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
1
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
1
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
1
Adult Education
1
Education (General)
1
Educational Radios
1
Radio Schools
1
Entertainment and Media / Communication
1
Humour, Parody, Satire
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Morals
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Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
1
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
1
Responsibility
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Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
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Health Journalism
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Decolonisation & Independence (General)
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History (General)
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History of Radio
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Indigenous Communication
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Ethnicity in Communication
1
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Cross-Cultural Analysis
1
Africa: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
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China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
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Foreign Press, Foreign Language Press
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
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International Media Associations / Organizations
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International Press Institute (IPI)
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International Media & Communication Policies
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Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
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International Relations
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International Organizations
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African Union (AU)
1
Windhoek Declaration on Promoting Independent and Pluralistic Media (UNESCO, 1991)
1
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
1
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
1
Journalism Education Curricula
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Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
1
Features
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Journalistic Research Methods
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Exiled Journalists
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Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
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Television News
1
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
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Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Risk Communication
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Television Journalism
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Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
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China: Media Assistance
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European Union: Media Assistance
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Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
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Media Assistance: Lessons Learned
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Media Assistance: Mapping of Programs & Donors
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Communication
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Communication Networks
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Communication Processes
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Communication Systems
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Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
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Dissemination of Information
1
Presentation of Information
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Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
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Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
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Media Democratization
1
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
1
Media Literacy: Youth
1
Accreditation of Journalists
1
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
1
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking
1
Human Rights Protection
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Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
1
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
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Financing Public Service Media
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Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
1
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
1
Diasporas
1
Music
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Photography
1
Elections
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Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
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Islamization
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Political Change
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Political Doctrines
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Capitalism
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Socialism
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Political Movements
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Political Preferences
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Political Systems
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Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
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Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
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Parliaments
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Centralization
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Agenda Setting
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Framing
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Influence of Media on Politics
1
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
1
Special-Interest Magazines
1
Local Newspapers
1
Periodicals
1
Public & State Radios
1
Public & State Television
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Commercial Radios
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Radio Progreso (El Progreso, Honduras)
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University Radios
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Gatekeeping Function of Media
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Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
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Media Reception
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Ideologies
1
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1
Confucianism
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Fundamentalisms (Religious)
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Hinduism
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Hinduism and Communication
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Islamist Communications & Media
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Judaism and Communication
1
Jewish Media
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Analysis
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Qualitative Analysis
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Empirical Studies
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Indicators & Indices
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Freedom of the Press Index (Freedom House)
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Political Indicators
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Rural Communication, Media in Rural Areas
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Apartheid
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Rohingya
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Popular Movements
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Networks & Networking
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Social Aspects
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Revolutions
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Social Control
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Digital Television
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Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
1
Cable Television
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Commercial Television
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Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
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Television Programmes & Genres
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Television Talk Shows
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Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
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User-Generated Contents
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Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Visual Cultures
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Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
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Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Stifling the Public Sphere: Media and Civil Society in Egypt, Russia and Vietnam
Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED); International Forum for Democratic Studies (2015), 57 pp.
"The three case studies depict a range of repressive efforts that are calibrated to achieve particular ends. Sometimes, the authorities choose to co-opt independent voices. In other instances, the regime may create new government-backed versions of media initiatives or civic organizations which mimi
...
African Media Barometer: Tanzania 2015
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2015), 69 pp.
Eritrea: Von der Befreiung zur Unterdrückung
Hamburg: Evangelisches Missionswerk in Deutschland (EMW) (2015), 152 pp.
Barometre des Médias Africains: Cameroun 2014
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2014), 132 pp.
Medien- und Meinungsfreiheit in Osttimor
Südostasien, volume 30, issue 1 (2014), pp. 41-43
"Nachdem sich die Osttimoresen 1999 mit großer Mehrheit für die Loslösung von Indonesien in einem von den Vereinten Nationen durchgeführten Referendum entschieden hatten, eskalierte die Gewalt. Einher gingen die Menschenrechtsverletzungen mit einer massiven Einschränkung der Meinungs- und Press
...
African Media Barometer: Swaziland 2014
Windhoek; Mbabane: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2014), 69 pp.
La liberté d'expression en Tunisie
Un Ponte Per ...; European Union (2014), 77 pp.
Does Sustainability Require Transparency? The UN Divide Over Freedom of Information and Media in the Post-2015 Development Agenda
Global Media Journal - German Edition, volume 4, issue 2 (2014), 9 pp.
"The inclusion of a clear commitment to access to information in the SDGs [Sustainable Development Goals] – including factual “indicators” to monitor compliance – could have a profound impact on freedom of expression and media globally, advocates contend. Yet it remains uncertain whether any
...
Die Medienfrage in Indonesien
Südostasien, volume 30, issue 1 (2014), pp. 32-34
"Indonesien richtet sein Augenmerk auf die kommende Präsidentschaftswahl 2014. Ein Faktor, der in diesem Prozess und dessen Ausgang eine große Rolle spielen könnte, ist die Medienlandschaft. Um die Bedeutung der Medien für die Förderung von Demokratie und die Vermittlung von Grundsätzen der Me
...
Medienfreiheit in West Papua: Grenzen freier Berichterstattung in einer Konfliktregion
Südostasien, volume 30, issue 1 (2014), pp. 35-37
"Mit Platz 139 beim Press Freedom Index von Reporter ohne Grenzen rangiert Indonesien in Sachen Pressefreiheit im weit unteren Bereich des internationalen Spektrums. Innerhalb Indonesiens ist Papua die Region, aus der am häufigsten über Einschüchterungen und Angriffe gegen Journalisten berichtet
...
Radio in Indonesien: Herausforderungen für freien und unabhängigen Hörfunk
Südostasien, volume 30, issue 1 (2014), pp. 1-3
"Indonesische Radiomacher stehen momentan vor zwei großen Herausforderungen: Sie kämpfen zum einen mit dem Bedeutungsverlust des Hörfunks und sehen sich zum anderen mit pressefreiheitlichen Einschränkungen konfrontiert." (Abstract)
Media Sustainability Index 2014: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia
Washington, DC: IREX (2014), xx, 307 pp.
"The 2014 MSI study for Europe & Eurasia is marked by an overall constancy of scores, for better or worse. Taken as a whole, the average of 21 overall scores shows an increase of 0.01 compared with last year. Out of the 21 countries studied, 13 showed a change in score of less than 0.10. Of the rema
...
Communication Among the Pacific Islands
Media Development, volume 61, issue 3 (2014), pp. 4-25
"Offiziell haben wir Meinungsfreiheit"
Message, issue 4 (2014), pp. 76-79
"Farida Nekzad leitet die Nachrichtenagentur Wakht in Afghanistan. Im Message-Interview erklärt sie, unter welchen Gefahr Journalistinnen in ihrem Land arbeiten und welche Medien Warlords bevorzugen." (Einleitung)
Barometre des Médias Africains: Benin 2014
Windhoek; Cotonou: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2014), 107 pp.
Press Censorship in Turkey: Networks of State Power, Commercial Pressures, and Self-Censorship
Communication, Culture & Critique, volume 7, issue 2 (2014), pp. 154-173
"This article explores the suppression of press freedoms in Turkey under the AKP (Justice and Development Party) government in the late 2000s. Drawing upon analyses of laws and legislation, surveys, reports, and interviews with journalists, it demonstrates how press censorship in Turkey has been act
...
Selbstzensur aus Angst und Armut - Im Konfliktgebiet Ost-Kongo existiert die Meinungs- und Pressefreiheit nur auf dem Papier
In: Frieden auf der globalen Entwicklungsagenda: Beiträge für einen positiven Frieden
Frankfurt am Main: welt-sichten (2014), pp. 15-17
"Um die Pressefreiheit in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo ist es alles andere als gut bestellt. Viele Journalisten sind verunsichert oder kommen ihrer Arbeit nicht mehr nach, weil sie Angst vor Schikanen, Verfolgung oder schlimmstenfalls um das eigene Leben haben. Der Zivile Friedensdienst engagie
...
The European Union's Rights-Based Support to the Media in the Enlargement Countries: With Special Attention to Turkey
International Journal of Arts and Commerce, volume 3, issue 7 (2014), pp. 12-24
"The European Union's dedication to freedom the media is articulated in different parts of its acquis and the European Union supports media freedom by funding member counties and enlargement countries. This study underlines the freedom of expression as a fundamental human right before the European U
...
Somaliland Press Freedom: Opportunities and Challenges
Social Research and Development Institute (SORADI); Heinrich Böll Stiftung (2014), 139 pp.
"Somaliland needs legal, policy and institutional reforms in order to avoid arbitrary and politically motivated interference with the dissemination of information and opinions to the public. This is the conclusion of one of the papers presented at the 4th Annual Conference organized by the Social Re
...
