"News represents 23% of the total schedule on the six radio stations monitored [...] The situation of conflict had a direct influence on the subjects treated in news and information content with a focus 1) on the conflict (more than one third of news and information content) but not on grassroots co
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nflict mitigation activities (2.6%) and 2) on politics (one third of news and information content). Security issues are the main subject related to the need of the population while social subjects (food security, health and education) do not seem to be a priority at the moment [...] Analysts registered in the database 74 elements of hate speech in the print press and only four in media content broadcast by radio stations." (Page 5)
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"In the following short essays, journalists from Palestine and Israel were asked to reflect on how local media covers the conflict and other news. These pieces have been organized here into four broad sections. The first chapter explores different ways in which the news is skewed, especially Israeli
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and Palestinian coverage of the Arab uprisings. The second chapter looks at the tension between being a patriot and a good journalist. The third section describes some of the day-to-day restrictions that hinder reporting and build frustration. In the last section, the authors suggest ways that Israeli and Palestinian journalists can minimize the impact that these hindrances, both psychological and physical, have on their work." (Introduction)
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"El libro [...] presenta los conceptos básicos de comunicación democrática y periodismo de paz, además muestra cómo se pueden cubrir conflictos en cada una de sus fases. Con fines explicativos presenta ejemplos de coberturas periodísticas bolivianas en situaciones de conflicto, analizando y pr
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oponiendo un enfoque alternativo de la misma información desde el periodismo de paz. También se muestran ejemplos positivos de coberturas informativas que contribuyeron a posicionar las ideas de diálogo y cultura de paz. El capítulo final del libro hace referencia a los desafíos y dificultades del periodismo de paz en el contexto boliviano, en el marco del ejercicio del Derecho a la Información y Comunicación (DIC). Para este enfoque periodístico es necesario cubrir los conflictos desde que están latentes, explicitando las posiciones de todos los actores con el debido contexto, los antecedentes, los análisis desde distintos enfoques, todos los datos que permitan visibilizar la magnitud del conflicto y alertar sobre su posible escalada violenta. Con este enfoque se cubre el episodio (coyuntural) pero también el epicentro (las causas)." (https://www.unirbolivia.org)
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"This discussion paper studies several main sources to assess the health of ethical journalism in Pakistan today. It takes three main areas of conflict and examines the ethics of reporting in relation to them. They are faith based issues (the blasphemy charge against 14-year-old Rimsha Masih, a Yout
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ube video film which disrespected Islam and the persecution of the Hazara community in Balochistan); the coverage of conflict in the 2013 general election and the Pakistan media's coverage of Afghanistan." (Methodology, page 7)
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"Using the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as a natural laboratory for studying possibilities and limitations of constructive conflict coverage, the present book combines a longitudinal retrospective look at the coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict with experimental research on audience reactio
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ns and theoretical questions of conflict, war and peace coverage.
The editors aimed at utilizing these materials to learn about changes in media framing and representation of issues, actors, and leaders; to focus on problems of war coverage and peace journalism, such as the persistence of a war orientation in media culture and performance, and the extent to which the media have “matured” so as to change this normative orientation in favor of an increased contribution to peacemaking and peacekeeping; and to study and criticize peace journalism thought, research and action after some twenty years since its emergence." (Publisher description)
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"In CARGC Paper 2, Della Ratta explored how one 2013 Syrian television serial, Wilada min al-Khasira [Birth from the Waist] responded in real time to unfolding events of the Syrian revolution. She argued that the serial offers a living site for scholarly reflection on how cultural production and the
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power relations that shape it might shift, recombine, and adapt in the context of the three-year-old uprising turned into an armed conflict. Della Ratta mobilized the television serial to explore how the geopolitical relationships between Syrian and Gulf political elites had been dramatically reconfigured." (Description)
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"A review of the literature indicates a plethora of studies examining the coverage of Middle Eastern conflicts, but hardly any research has been explicitly framed as being developed from a peace/war journalism perspective. The current study, therefore, represents a substantive effort to remedy this
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deficiency. It examines the extent to which the 2010 Mavi Marmara incident is framed based on Johan Galtung’s classification of peace/war journalism. A content analysis of 156 online stories from Haaretz, The Guardian, and The New York Times suggests that overall differences exist among the war/peace narratives published in the three newspapers. The validity of few peace indicators used also was noted. The authors strongly advocate for the need to redefine indicators for peace journalism to reflect the concept as distinct from objective, and factual reporting." (Abstract)
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"Este documento contiene las memorias de los talleres de entrenamiento del Primer Ciclo de formación sobre datos, técnicas de investigación y narrativas de conflicto y paz orientado por la organización Consejo de Redacción –CdR– y su iniciativa www.plataformadeperiodismo.com. En primer luga
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r hay un acercamiento al significado de periodismo y paz, un gran reto de los reporteros de Colombia en tiempos donde se avizora un acuerdo de paz entre el Gobierno Nacional y las guerrillas FARC y el ELN. Como insumo valioso se entrega una guía para reportear y escribir una historia, las herramientas del narrador y técnicas de investigación periodística. De igual manera se pueden consultar recomendaciones para la cobertura responsable en zonas de conflicto, y grandes reflexiones de maestros del periodismo que aportan a la construcción de buenas historias. Finalmente se comparten 10 bases de datos públicas como herramientas de consulta para hacerle seguimiento al conflicto y posconflicto en el país." (Presentación)
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"Purpose: War journalists confront many dangers, leaving them at risk for mental health problems. They are, however, able to take breaks from the hazards of frontline work by periodically leaving conflict zones for the safety of home. This respite is not afforded local journalists who cover conflict
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situations. An example of this may be found in Mexico where journalists reporting on the drug cartels may under threat. This inability to seek temporary respite from grave danger may theoretically increase levels of psychological distress. The purpose of this paper is to examine this possibility.
Design/methodology/approach: The study sample comprised 104 Mexican journalists and a control group of 104 war journalists (non*Mexican, demographically matched). Outcome measures included indices of posttraumatic stress disorder (Impact of Event Scale*Revised)(IES*R), depression (Beck Depression Inventory*Revised (BDI*II) and psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire*28 (GHQ*28).
Findings: Mexican journalists had higher scores on the avoidance (p=0.01), arousal (p=0.0001), but not intrusion (p=0.29) scales of the IES*R. They had higher scores on the BDI*II (p=0.0001) and anxiety (p=0.0001), somatic (p=0.0001) and social dysfunction (p=0.01) subscales of the GHQ*28.
Practical implications: Mexican journalists targeted by drug cartels have more psychopathology than journalists who cover war. News organisations that employ journalists in this line of work therefore need to be aware of this and have a mechanism in place to provide treatment, when needed. Originality/value: This is the first study to directly explore the psychological effects of violence on local journalists who do not cover war, but nevertheless live and work in areas of grave danger." (Abstract)
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"This report documents and analyzes coverage of the Afghan Conflict and related issues in six mainstream Pakistani news outlets [from May1, 2012 to August 31, 2012]. The following sub-themes have been tracked for monitoring and analysis: Terrorism in Afghanistan – Drone Strikes – Cross Border At
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tacks and Incursions – NATO Supply Lines – NATO Pullout and Afghan Peace Process – Pak-Afghan and Pak U.S. Relationship." (Pages 2-3)
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"The years 2011 and 2012 were among the most deadly for journalists reporting from conflict situations worldwide. The numbers of assaults, arrests and attacks have been on a constant rise and portray a dramatic image of the journalistic profession. In light of the increasing threats in armed conflic
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ts, being a war reporter has become an inherently dangerous task. Journalists are not only at risk of becoming so-called collateral damage during military operations, they are also increasingly targeted. Their role as a watchdog and witness to the horrors of war, in addition to the undeniable power of the word and image they spread, has made them popular targets. It is therefore essential that the international community re-evaluate journalists' de jure and de facto protections in armed conflicts to allow for better safeguards and consequently less casualties in the imminent future. This article examines the current protections afforded to journalists and aims at detecting proposals for enhanced safeguards that are most likely to effectively improve journalists' safety in the field. In this regard, this article will argue that the legal protections are in fact sufficient and hardly amendable and that therefore, a more practical, hands-on approach to implementation of those protections must be the focus of future actions. This goal can only be achieved by a comprehensive mission jointly pursued by governments, militaries, journalists, media, NGOs and society." (Abstract)
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"Los 89 textos analizados se pueden agrupar en tres tendencias principales. 'Las miradas al oficio: riesgos, libertades y garantías para informar en medio del conflicto' ofrece un recorrido por los trabajos que le toman el pulso al estado de la libertad de prensa en Colombia y que dan cuenta de las
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iniciativas dirigidas a mejorar la calidad de la información en contextos de confrontación armada. Por su parte, 'las agendas del conflicto: fuentes, lenguajes y públicos de la información' recoge los informes que indagan por las agendas informativas del conflicto, las representaciones mediáticas de los actores allí involucrados y por el impacto que tiene la información periodística en los públicos de los medios. Finalmente, 'los escenarios emergentes: (post)conflicto, víctimas y memoria' reúne los estudios que se preguntan por la responsabilidad de los periodistas y los medios de comunicación en la construcción de futuros escenarios de postconflicto en Colombia, y que abordan los asuntos de agenda periodística a partir de variantes asociadas a la memoria y el relato." (Página 5)
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"This guide details what journalists need to know in a new and changing world. It is aimed at local and international journalists of varied levels of experience. The guide outlines basic preparedness for new journalists taking on their first assignments around the world, offers refresher information
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for mid-career journalists returning to the field, and provides advice on complex issues such as digital security and threat assessment for journalists of all experience levels." (Introduction)
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"Zusammenfassend zeigt sich bei der Berichterstattung über Gewalttaten eine klare Unausgewogenheit in Bezug auf Opfer und TäterInnen. Es herrscht eine "asimetría de la indignación" (Semana 0.2.02.2008), das heißt eine Asymetrie der Empörung und eine asymetrische Sensibilisierung, die die Opfer
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des Paramilitarismus und des Militärs unsichtbar macht. Somit wird eine Wirklichkeit des Koflikts konstruiert, in der praktisch nur die Opfer der Guerillas - insbesondere Entführungsopfer - existieren. Dies reproduziert die asuymmetrischen sozialen Verhältnisse der Opfer selbst. Denn die Zielscheibe des Paramilitarismus und des Militärs sind meistens Kleinbäuerinnen und Kleinbauern, besitzlose SiedlerInnen des Hinterlands oder VerteterInnen von Basisorganisationen, deren Zugang zu den staatlichen Ressourcen - ganz zu schweigen zu den Massenmedien - viel beschränkter ist, als der von Mittel- und Oberschichtsangehörigen bzw. Mitgliedern des Militärs, die in der untersuchten Periode bevorzugte Entführungsziele der Guerillas waren." (Schlusskommentar, Seite 160)
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"The present analytical list of the most common clichés, stereotypes and examples of inaccurate (or reasonably questioned) information in the media of Armenia and Azerbaijan is based on the findings of a number of joint studies, administered by Yerevan Press Club and “Yeni Nesil” Journalists’
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Union of Azerbaijan. It also reflects the observations made of Azerbaijani and Armenian media in 2001-2010 by the two organizations." (Page 3)
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