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Black Communication in the Age of Disinformation: DeepFakes and Synthetic Media

Kehbuma Langmia (ed.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), xxvii, 208 pp.

"Current developments in technology, such as facial recognition, have already disproportionately affected people of color, especially people of African descent. The rise of DeepFakes and other forms of Fake News online has brought a host of new impacts and potential obstacles to the way that Black c ... more

Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence in an Era of Generative AI

Rumman Chowdhury, Dhanya Lakshmi

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 29 pp.

"This report presents the results of deep dive experiments into the risks associated to the design, deployment and use of generative AI to facilitate gender-based violence. It assesses the possible impact posed by generative AI that enables the creation of more realistic ‘synthetic’ media, ‘ha ... more

Is ChatGPT a Friend or Foe in the War on Misinformation? A South African Perspective

Burgert Senekal, Susan Brokensha

Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa, volume 42, issue 2 (2023), pp. 3-16

"The release of ChatGPT at the end of 2022 met with fears and optimism. One particularly important avenue of research that is emerging revolves around ChatGPT's ability to provide accurate and unbiased information on a variety of topics. Given the interest that Google and Microsoft have shown in sim ... more

Bias, Belief, and Conviction in an Age of Fake Facts

Anke K. Finger, Manuela Wagner (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xiii, 212 pp.

"In this book, authors engage in an interdisciplinary discourse of theory and practice on the concept of personal conviction, addressing the variety of grey zones that mark the concept. Bias, Belief, and Conviction in an Age of Fake Facts discusses where our convictions come from and whether we are ... more

Fact or Fake? The Search for Truth in an Infodemic of Disinformation, Misinformation, and Malinformation with Deepfake and Fake News

Weng Marc Lim

Journal of Strategic Marketing (2023), 37 pp.

"This article aims to shed light on the infodemic of disinformation, misinformation, and malinformation in the digital era of a new normal where deepfake and fake news are omnipresent. To do so, this article establishes a general theory of information and engages in big data analytics involving a sc ... more

Donetsk Don’t Tell: ‘Hybrid War’ in Ukraine and the Limits of Social Media Influence Operations

Lennart Maschmeyer, Alexei Abrahams, Peter Pomerantsev, Volodymyr Yermolenko

Journal of Information Technology & Politics (2023), 165 pp.

"Many fear that social media enable more potent influence operations than traditional mass media. This belief is widely shared yet rarely tested. We challenge this emerging wisdom by comparing social media and television as vectors for influence operations targeting Ukraine. This article develops a ... more

Brazilian Fake News Bill: Strong Content Moderation Accountability but Limited Hold on Platform Market Power

Tales Tomaz

Javnost: The Public, volume 30, issue 2 (2023), pp. 253-267

"This article analyses the Brazilian PL 2630, so-called “fake news bill,” according to platform regulation approaches focused on speech, data, and market power. This law project was introduced in 2020 with the objective to fight disinformation campaigns in digital platforms such as social media ... more

Who Are the Plotters Behind the Pandemic? Comparing Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories in Google Search Results Across Five Key Target Countries of Russia’s Foreign Communication

Florian Toepfl, Daria Kravets, Anna Ryzhova, Arista Beseler

Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 10 (2023), pp. 2033-2051

"This article advances extant research that has audited search algorithms for misinformation in four respects. Firstly, this is the first misinformation audit not to implement a national but a cross-national research design. Secondly, it retrieves results not in response to the most popular query te ... more

A Systematic Literature Review of the Phenomenon of Disinformation and Misinformation

Marta Pérez Escolar, Darren Lilleker, Alejandro Tapia Frade

Media and Communication, volume 11, issue 2 (2023), pp. 76-87

"How does academia understand the disinformation problem, and are we equipped to offer solutions? In response to this question, our study provides an overview of the general definitions, trends, patterns, and developments that represent the research on disinformation and misinformation. We conducted ... more

State of Internet Freedom in Africa 2023. A Decade of Internet Freedom in Africa: Recounting the Past, Shaping the Future

CIPESA (2023), 71 pp.

"This special edition honours the efforts of various state and non-state actors in the promotion of internet freedom in Africa. The report takes a deep dive into the dynamic landscape of internet freedom on the African continent and offers contextual information and evidence to inform ICT policymaki ... more

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The Impact of Cognitive Biases on the Believability of Fake News

Aaron M French, Storey Veda C., Linda Wallace

European Journal of Information Systems (2023), 22 pp.

"Modern technologies, especially social networks, contribute to the rapid evolution and spread of fake news. Although the creation of fake news is a serious issue, it is the believability of fake news and subsequent actions that produce negative outcomes that can be harmful to individuals and societ ... more

Mis- and Disinformation: Media Perception and Consumption of Fake News in Lebanon

Nidal Ayoub

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation (2023), 20 pp.

"Participants in the study take a snapshot of a variety of news channels and social media platforms to get their news, evaluating their truthfulness and attempting to “figure out the truth.” Across different focus groups, there is a shared lack of trust in news channels, and no media outlet is p ... more

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Lebanon's Information Environment: Exploring Appropriate Responses

Mirna Ghanem

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation;National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2023), 32 pp.

"The purpose of this study is twofold: to understand how the Lebanese public consumes news published on traditional and alternative media, with a focus on how they perceive and deal with disinformation campaigns and fake news, and to build a comprehensive view of the organizations and initiatives th ... more

WhatsApp 360: A Look into the WhatsApp News Ecosystem in Lebanon Focusing on Misinformation and Hate Speech

Ralph Baydoun et al.

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation (2023), 39 pp.

"1. Expansive reach and influence of WhatsApp groups: The study findings indicate that WhatsApp groups have a remarkably wide reach, potentially connecting with three quarters of WhatsApp users in Lebanon. These groups are part of larger networks, which enhances the dissemination of content. Moreove ... more

Vorsicht #Desinformation: Die Wirkung von desinformierenden Social Media-Posts auf die Meinungsbildung und Interventionen

Sabrina H. Kessler

Düsseldorf: Landesanstalt für Medien NRW (2023), 18 pp.

"Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung der (langfristigen) Wirkung von Desinformation auf Social Media auf die Meinungsbildung sowie deren Einflussfaktoren. Der Fokus lag auf der Rolle von wiederholtem Kontakt mit Desinformation, auf der intervenierenden Wirkung von Aufklärungstexten und Warnhinw ... more

The Role of Trust and Attitudes toward Democracy in the Dissemination of Disinformation—a Comparative Analysis of Six Democracies

Edda Humprecht

Digital Journalism (2023), 18 pp.

"Trust lies at the heart of the disinformation crisis, as citizens must decide which narratives to follow and whether to accept “alternative truths.” Therefore, trust in institutions that publish reliable information can act as a shield against disinformation. This comparative study investigates ... more

Truth with a Z: Disinformation, war in Ukraine, and Russia’s contradictory discourse of imperial identity

Vera Tolz, Stephen Hutchings

Post-Soviet Affairs, volume 39, issue 5 (2023), pp. 347-365

"This article offers a qualitative analysis of how, by adopting identity-related discourses whose meanings resonate within a given culture, Russian state propaganda strives to bolster “the truth status” of its Ukraine war claims. These discourses, we argue, have long historical lineages and thus ... more

Disinformation as a context-bound phenomenon: Toward a conceptual clarification integrating actors, intentions and techniques of creation and dissemination

Michael Hameleers

Communication Theory, volume 33, issue 1 (2023), pp. 1-10

"Although disinformation has become a popular concept, we lack an integrative conceptualization that connects the actors, intentions and techniques underlying deceptive information. In this article, we conceptualize disinformation as a context-bound deliberate act for which actors covertly deceive r ... more

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Researching the Evolving Online Ecosystem: Telegram, Discord and Odysee

Henry Tuck, Jakob Guhl, Julia Smirnova, Lea Gerster, Oliver Marsh

London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2023), 59 pp.

"Harmful actors use an ever-expanding range of digital spaces to spread harmful ideologies and undermine human rights and democracy online. Understanding their evolving ideas, online networks and activities is critical to the development of a more comprehensive evidence base to inform effective and ... more

What do we study when we study misinformation? A scoping review of experimental research (2016-2022)

Gillian Murphy, Constance de Saint Laurent, Megan Reynolds, Omar Aftab, Karen Hegarty, Yuning Sun, Ciara M. Greene

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 4, issue 6 (2023), 57 pp.

"We reviewed 555 papers published from 2016–2022 that presented misinformation to participants. We identified several trends in the literature—increasing frequency of misinformation studies over time, a wide variety of topics covered, and a significant focus on COVID-19 misinformation since 2020 ... more