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10 Things to Know About Misinformation and Disinformation

Jonathan Tanner

London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI) (2020), 13 pp.

"By accident or design, the internet and social media have created the ideal conditions for a huge increase in false information and conspiracy theories. This can cause real harm offline, especially because digital literacy and digital policy are both currently unable to keep up with the pace of cha ... more

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10 Tips for Reporting on Disinformation

Data & Society Research Institute (2020), 4 pp.

"For journalists, disinformation presents a unique challenge; while they are guided by the mission of exposing wrongdoing to hold power to account, they are also one of the most common targets of disinformation campaigns. Without realizing it, journalists can amplify disinformation simply by doing t ... more

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Combatting Digital Disinformation: An Evaluation of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's Disinformation Strategy

Amy O’Hara, Jodi Nelson

Hewlett Foundation (2020), 29 pp.

"The Hewlett Foundation’s decision to add a focus on disinformation to its 2017 US Democracy strategy was motivated by a desire to figure out how best to encourage social media platforms to reduce polarization exacerbated by disinformation.1 The foundation invested in two major efforts to support ... this ambition: a multi-funder partnership with Facebook to create data access for independent researchers to study the impact of social media on democracy and elections; and a grant making portfolio conceived to build an academic field to deepen the understanding of disinformation and identify policy solutions that mitigate its spread and impact on society . We found compelling the suggestion that disinformation is better considered a topic than a coherent field, and that multi-disciplinarity brings richness in framing, methods, and applications. Among Hewlett grantees, scholars self-identify as members of different fields that carry with them important epistemological and philosophical differences. We found evidence that there are perceived gaps between researchers, platforms, journalists, policy makers, civil society and others that obstruct the development of policy solutions. The missing competency among many academics to translate research findings for use, and of the need for tighter connections between scholars and decision makers were additional insights we gained about important gaps in the current landscape. During the two-year grantmaking period, the disinformation portfolio invested in varied policy and academic institutions and supported a diverse group of principal investigators. This is in contrast to the perceptions we heard about the foundation’s lack of a diverse grantee portfolio and approach. We learned from key informants and secondary research that there is an inextricable link between disinformation, racial and social equity and justice. A stronger communication strategy about the foundation team’s approach to diversity, equity and inclusion is warranted, as is a deliberate effort to showcase the work of all their grantees and their distinct perspectives. The foundation’s significant role in creating momentum for this body of work was widely noted, as was the need for continued leadership and support." (Executive summary, page 2-3) more

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Whose Fingerprint Does the News Show? Developing Machine Learning Classifiers for Automatically Identifying Russian State-Funded News in Serbia

Ognjan Denkovski, Damian Trilling

International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 4428-4452

"Democratic nations around the globe are facing increasing levels of false and misleading information circulating on social media and news websites, propagating alternative sociopolitical realities. One of the most innovative actors in this process has been the Russian state, whose disinformation ca ... more

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Ética jornalística e pandemia: Entrevistas com especialistas

Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC);Observatório da Ética Jornalística (2020), 134 pp.

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Trends in the Business of Misinformation in Six Eastern European Countries: An Overview
Top Insights

Judit Szakács

Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2020), 11 pp.

"All six reports find that misinformation is prevalent, yet the channels used for distribution of such content are somewhat different. The misinformation landscape in Serbia, for example, is dominated by mainstream media outlets. Small misinformation websites simply cannot compete with “misinforma ... more

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Study for the “Assessment of the Implementation of the Code of Practice on Disinformation”: Final Report

Iva Plasilova, Jordan Hill, Malin Carlberg, Marion Goubet, Richard Procee

Brussels: European Commission (2020), 130 pp.

"The study’s overall conclusion is that the Code of Practice has produced positive results. There is a consensus among stakeholders that the Code of Practice is needed. Since disinformation continues to be a widespread problem, the Code, its aims and activities are considered to be highly relevant ... more

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Tackling Misinformation: What Researchers Could Do with Social Media Data

Irene V. Pasquetto et al.

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 1, issue 8 (2020), 14 pp.

"We invited misinformation researchers to write a 250-word commentary about the research that they would hypothetically conduct if they had access to consenting participants’ social media data. The excerpts below provide concrete examples of studies that misinformation researchers could conduct, i ... more

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The Hype Machine: How Social Media Disrupts Our Elections, Our Economy, and Our Health - and How We Must Adapt

Sinan Aral

London: HarperCollins (2020), xv, 390 pp.

"It is paramount, MIT social media expert Sinan Aral says, that we recognize the outsized impact social media has on our culture, our democracy, and our lives in order to steer today's social technology toward good, while avoiding the ways it can pull us apart. Otherwise, we could fall victim to wha ... more

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Fake News!

Rede Eclesial Pan-Amazônica - REPAM Brasil (2020), 6 pp.

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The Debunking Handbook 2020
Quick Overview

Stephan Lewandowsky, John Cook, Ullrich Ecker et al.

Databrary (2020), 19 pp.

"The handbook is a consensus document that was created by an innovative process that involved a series of predefined steps, all of which were followed and documented and are publicly available. The authors were invited based on their scientific status in the field, and they all agreed on all points ... more

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Hate Speech, Propaganda and Disinformation in Albanian Media

Ilda Londo

Tirana; Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM);Peace Institute;Albanian Media Institute (2020), 27 pp.

"[...] the purpose of this paper is to highlight the main models and elements that media in Albania manifest regarding hate speech, propaganda and disinformation. The research focuses mainly on online media, as they are identified as the main carriers of disinformation and hate speech, with a few ex ... more

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Images and Misinformation in Political Groups: Evidence from WhatsApp in India

Kiran Garimella, Dean Eckles

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 1, issue 5 (2020), 12 pp.

"WhatsApp is a key medium for the spread of news and rumors, often shared as images. We study a large collection of politically-oriented WhatsApp groups in India, focusing on the period leading up to the 2019 Indian national elections. By labeling samples of random and popular images, we find that a ... more

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Using Misinformation as a Political Weapon: COVID-19 and Bolsonaro in Brazil

Julie Ricard, Juliano Medeiros

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 1, issue 2 (2020), 8 pp.

"With over 30,000 confirmed cases, Brazil is currently the country most affected by COVID-19 in Latin America, and ranked 12th worldwide. Despite all evidence, a strong rhetoric undermining risks associated to COVID-19 has been endorsed at the highest levels of the Brazilian government, making Presi ... more

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The Unbearable Ease of Misinformation

Semir Dzebo, Dumitrita Holdis, Jozef Michal Mintal, Judit Szakacs

Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2020), 163 pp.

"Misinformation is a lucrative business in several Eastern European countries, reliant on advertising revenue, and pulling in cash from a variety of other sources including government subsidies, crowdfunding, tax designations, donations and sales of merchandise. The Business of Misinformation projec ... more

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Free Vs. False: Namibia’s Changing Media Landscape Presents Tough Choices for Citizens

Christiaan Keulder

Afrobarometer (2020), 10 pp.

"Most adult Namibians own mobile phones (88%) and radios (67%). Four in 10 (40%) own television sets, and one in four (25%) own computers. Daily Internet use has multiplied over the past decade, increasing from 5% in 2008 to 28% in 2019. But more than four in 10 Namibians (44%) still “never” use ... more

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Fake News: Understanding Media and Misinformation in the Digital Age

Melissa Zimdars, Kembrew McLeod (eds.)

Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press (2020), xi, 395 pp.

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The 101 of Disinformation Detection

Carl Miller, Chloe Colliver

London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2020), 21 pp.

"Disinformation tactics and the responses in place to try to mitigate them online are changing rapidly. Organisations witnessing or targeted by disinformation therefore require a baseline understanding of the threats posed by disinformation and how to spot them while conducting their work. This tool ... more

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Fakten gegen Fake News oder der Kampf um die Demokratie

Patrick Gensing

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2020), 175 pp.

"Fake News, also absichtsvoll und zumeist digital verbreitete Falschmeldungen zielen darauf, demokratische Grundprinzipien zu unterminieren. Durch Hass-Inhalte oder als Satire verschleierte Herabsetzung schüren oder verstärken sie Antipathien zwischen gesellschaftlichen Gruppen oder stacheln gar z ... more

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Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media: Emerging Research Challenges and Opportunities

Kai Shu, Suhang Wang, Dongwon Lee, Huan Liu (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2020), viii, 288 pp.

"This book serves as a convenient entry point for researchers, practitioners, and students to understand the problems and challenges, learn state-of-the-art solutions for their specific needs, and quickly identify new research problems in their domains. The contributors to this volume describe the r ... more

Trends in the Business of Misinformation in Six Eastern European Countries: An Overview Top Insights

The Debunking Handbook 2020 Quick Overview

Trends in the Business of Misinformation in Six Eastern European Countries: An Overview
Top Insights

The Debunking Handbook 2020
Quick Overview