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Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025
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Nic Newman, Richard Fletcher, Craig T. Robertson, Amy Ross Arguedas, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen (eds.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2025), 170 pp.

"• Engagement with traditional media sources such as TV, print, and news websites continues to fall, while dependence on social media, video platforms, and online aggregators grows. This is particularly the case in the United States where polling overlapped with the first few weeks of the new Trum ... p administration. Social media news use was sharply up (+6pp) but there was no ‘Trump bump’ for traditional sources. • Personalities and influencers are, in some countries, playing a significant role in shaping public debates. One-fifth (22%) of our United States sample says they came across news or commentary from popular podcaster Joe Rogan in the week after the inauguration, including a disproportionate number of young men. In France, young news creator Hugo Travers (HugoDécrypte) reaches 22% of under-35s with content distributed mainly via YouTube and TikTok. Young influencers also play a significant role in many Asian countries, including Thailand. • News use across online platforms continues to fragment, with six online networks now reaching more than 10% weekly with news content, compared with just two a decade ago. Around a third of our global sample use Facebook (36%) and YouTube (30%) for news each week. Instagram (19%) and WhatsApp (19%) are used by around a fifth, while TikTok (16%) remains ahead of X at 12%. • Data show that usage of X for news is stable or increasing across many markets, with the biggest uplift in the United States (+8pp), Australia (+6pp), and Poland (+6pp). Since Elon Musk took over the network in 2022 many more right-leaning people, notably young men, have flocked to the network, while some progressive audiences have left or are using it less frequently. Rival networks like Threads, Bluesky, and Mastodon are making little impact globally, with reach of 2% or less for news. • Changing platform strategies mean that video continues to grow in importance as a source of news. Across all markets the proportion consuming social video has grown from 52% in 2020 to 65% in 2025 and any video from 67% to 75%. In the Philippines, Thailand, Kenya, and India more people now say they prefer to watch the news rather than read it, further encouraging the shift to personality-led news creators. • Our survey also shows the importance of news podcasting in reaching younger, better-educated audiences. The United States has among the highest proportion (15%) accessing one or more podcasts in the last week, with many of these now filmed and distributed via video platforms such as YouTube and TikTok. By contrast, many northern European podcast markets remain dominated by public broadcasters or big legacy media companies and have been slower to adopt video versions. • TikTok is the fastest growing social and video network, adding a further 4pp across markets for news and reaching 49% of our online sample in Thailand (+10pp) and 40% in Malaysia (+9pp). But at the same time people in those markets see the network as one of the biggest threats when it comes to false or misleading information, along with Facebook. • Overall, over half our sample (58%) say they remain concerned about their ability to tell what is true from what is false when it comes to news online, a similar proportion to last year. Concern is highest in Africa (73%) and the United States (73%), with lowest levels in Western Europe (46%). • When it comes to underlying sources of false or misleading information, online influencers and personalities are seen as the biggest threat worldwide (47%), along with national politicians (47%). Concern about influencers is highest in African countries such as Nigeria (58%) and Kenya (59%), while politicians are considered the biggest threat in the United States (57%), Spain (57%), and much of Eastern Europe." (Executive summary, page 10-11) more

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Connecting citizens and leaders in Uganda through participatory radio

Mohazzab Abdullah

In: World Radio TV Handbook: The Directory of Global Broadcasting 2025

Freising (DE): Radio Data Center (2025), pp. 36-39

"A clear indicator of Uganda's digital divide is that, even in 2023, radio remained both the primary and most trusted source of information in the country. This is why we, at TRAC FM, leverage radio and toll-free SMS technology to serve the increasingly isolated public spheres across Uganda's distri ... more

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Reaching Hard-To-Reach Communities: Using WhatsApp to Give Conflict-Affected Audiences a Voice

Emma Heywood, Beatrice Ivey, Sacha Meuter

International Journal of Social Research Methodology, volume 27, issue 1 (2024), pp. 107-121

"This article provides an original and timely contribution to current cutting-edge methodological debates by discussing the ongoing need to ensure communities in zones which are inaccessible through war, conflict or disease still have a voice and are not side-lined. As seen during Covid-19, traditio ... more

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Chancen und Herausforderungen der redaktionellen Umsetzung von Audience Engagement – eine Fallstudie am Beispiel des Projektes #unserWasser

Bernadette Uth

Publizistik, volume 69 (2024), pp. 39-63

"Redaktionen müssen angesichts einer zunehmend fragmentierten Publikumsbeziehung neue Wege finden, ihre Rezipierenden an sich zu binden. Eine in diesem Kontext oftmals diskutierte Strategie ist die des Audience- Engagements. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie untersucht dieser Beitrag Chancen und Herausfor ... more

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Redefining News: A Manifesto for Community-Centered Journalism. From Audience to Partners: Community-Centric Journalism and the Principles That Underpin It

Damian Radcliffe, Andrew DeVigal, Regina Lawrence

University of Oregon, School of Journalism and Communication (2023), 34 pp.

"In contrast to the top-down approach newsrooms have traditionally deployed, Community-Centered Journalism offers a more people-cen tered approach focused on meeting the demonstrable needs and priorities of communities. Instead of newsrooms assuming they know what information people need, they gathe ... more

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Questioning Fact-Checking in the Fight Against Disinformation: An Audience Perspective

Maria Kyriakidou, Stephen Cushion, Ceri Hughes, Marina Morani

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 10 (2023), pp. 2123-2139

"Fact-checking has been identified as a significant journalistic tool in the fight against disinformation. Relevant studies have focused on its emergence as a movement within journalism aiming at renewing the profession, as well as its effectiveness in challenging disinformation, especially during e ... more

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Making the Long March Online: Some Cultural Dynamics of Digital Political Participation in Three Chinese Societies

Yuanhang Lu, Yi-Hui C. Huang, Lang Kao, Yu-tzung Chang

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 1 (2023), pp. 160-183

"This study examines the authoritarian conditioning of political expression on social media in three Chinese societiesby analyzing three parallel surveys comprising 6942 respondents from mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Results demonstrate that the use of social media to gather political infor ... more

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‘It is Guiding Us to Protect Ourselves’: A Qualitative Investigation Into Why Young People Engage with a Mass-Media HIV Education Campaign

Venetia Baker, Sarah Mulwa, Sophie Sarrassat, David Khanyile, Simon Cousens, Cherie Cawood, Isolde Birdthistle

Culture, Health & Sexuality, volume 25, issue 7 (2023), pp. 803-817

"This study explores how and why young people engage with MTV Shuga, a popular mass media campaign in South Africa, to understand what makes effective HIV edutainment. Young MTV Shuga viewers from the Eastern Cape, South Africa and their parents participated in remote individual interviews and focus ... more

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African Language Media

Phillip Mpofu, Israel A. Fadipe, Thulani Tshabangu (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xxi, 317 pp.

"This book outlines how African language media is affected by politics, technology, culture, and the economy and how this media is creatively produced and appropriated by audiences across cultures and contexts. African language media can be considered as a tool for communication, socialization, and ... more

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Fact-Checking and Audience Engagement: A Study of Content Analysis and Audience Behavioral Data of Fact-Checking Coverage from News Media

Hyun Suk Kim, Yoo Ji Suh, Eun-mee Kim, Eunryung Chong, Hwajung Hong et al.

Digital Journalism, volume 10, issue 5 (2022), pp. 781-800

"This study examined (a) what message variations characterize news articles that fact-check (mis)information (N¼914) and (b) how those message features shape audience engagement with the articles. The study content-analyzed fact-checking coverage from major news outlets in South Korea using both ma ... more

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Understanding RT’s Audiences: Exposure Not Endorsement for Twitter Followers of Russian State-Sponsored Media

Rhys Crilley, Marie Gillespie, Bertie Vidgen, Alistair Willis

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 27, issue 1 (2022), pp. 220-242

"The Russian state-funded international broadcaster RT (formerly Russia Today) has attracted much attention as a purveyor of Russian propaganda. To date, most studies of RT have focused on its broadcast, website, and social media content, with little research on its audiences. Through a data-driven ... more

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Estudio de riesgos al pluralismo 2022: Propiedad, participación y contienda electoral en la TV colombiana

Comisión de Regulación de Comunicaciones (CRCOM) (2022), 26 pp.

"En el primer capítulo se expone cómo se están dando las dinámicas de participación ciudadana en la TV abierta. El segundo capítulo ahonda en la caracterización de los controlantes de los operadores de TV abierta. El tercer capítulo expone las tendencias en materia de pluralismo de los progr ... more

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Using Markers for Digital Engagement and Social Change: Tracking Meaningful Narrative Exchange in Transmedia Edutainment with Text Analytics Techniques

Roel O. Lutkenhaus, Hua Wang, Arvind Singhal, Jeroen Jansz, Martine P. A. Bouman

Digital Health, volume 8 (2022), pp. 1-18

"While social media offer an unprecedented opportunity for orchestrating large-scale communication campaigns, it is often difficult to track audience responses on various digital platforms over time and to ascertain if their engagement is aligned with the original intention. In this article, we shar ... more

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Internet Radio and Podcasts as Alternative to the Public Service and Commercial Mainstream Media in Poland: The Cases of Radio Nowy Swiat, Radio 357, and Raport O Stanie Swiata

Urszula Doliwa

Profesional de la Información, volume 31, issue 5: e310506 (2022), 13 pp.

"The aim of this article is to show to what extent alternative audio media can be built online, not only by amateurs but also as a combination of the energy and involvement of professional journalists and the community of listeners who are ready to support them [...] The podcast Raport o stanie swia ... more

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Indicadores para evaluar la rendición de cuentas en los medios de comunicación

Marcel Mauri-Rios, Xavier Ramon-Vegas, Ruth Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús Díaz-Campo

Cuadernos.info, issue 51 (2022), pp. 1-27

"Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar indicadores clave para evaluar la capacidad de transparencia, autorregulación y participación de los usuarios, las tres dimensiones de la accountability. Se adoptó un triple punto de partida metodológico: revisión sistemática de literatura so ... more

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What’s Next? Public Service Journalism in the Age of Distraction, Opinion, and Information Abundance

Geneva: European Broadcasting Union (EBU) (2021), 162 pp.

"Public service journalism draws its legitimacy from a strong connection with the public. The EBU News Report 2021-22 highlights how today’s public service media organisations go about building and strengthening this connection while dealing with a variety of challenges. In three parts and 16 case ... more

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The significance of ‘loud’ and ‘quiet’ forms of audience participation to community radio in Niger and Mali

Emma Heywood, Beatrice Ivey

Journal of Alternative and Community Media, volume 6, issue 2 (2021), pp. 179-196

"Community radio in Mali and Niger represents important hubs through which organized groups (such as listening clubs or associations) access information and participate in broadcasting through active and formalized channels. Drawing on radio listener focus groups conducted in Mali and Niger between ... more

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Evolution of Interactive Elements in Socio-Political Talk Shows in Post-Soviet Russia

Petr Gulenko, Yulia Dolgova

Global Media and Communication, volume 17, issue 1 (2021), pp. 25-43

"The article studies the place and degree of interactivity of interactive elements in socio-political talk shows on Russian television during the period of the presidency and premiership of Vladimir Putin (2000–2017), and comprises unique material that allows us to analyse the interactive elements ... more

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Engagement: The New Paradigm for Audience Research

Ben Walmsley

Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies, volume 18, issue 1 (2021), pp. 299-316

"Audience research remains a fractured discipline and this continues to hinder its development into a fully-fledged academic field. There are many reasons for this – historic, philosophical, structural, epistemological and methodological – that are discussed in the course of this essay. However, ... more

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Hallo liebe Community! Konstruktive Online-Debatten fördern durch bestärkende Moderation

Marc Ziegele, Dominique Heinbach

Düsseldorf: Landesanstalt für Medien NRW (2021), 34 pp.

"Aufbauend auf dem sozialpsychologischen Konzept der sozialen Unterstützung haben wir das KASI-Prinzip entwickelt. Es stellt Redaktionen drei Stile der Empowerment-Moderation zur Verfügung: den kognitiven Stil (K), den affektiven Stil (A) und den sozial-integrativen Stil (SI). Die Stile unterschei ... more

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025 Top Insights

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025
Top Insights