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Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
25
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
23
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
15
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
13
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
7
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
6
Communication Rights
5
Algorithms & Big Data
5
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
5
Facebook
5
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
5
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
4
Freedom of Expression
4
Intellectual Property
4
Media / Communication Control
4
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
4
Secret Services, Intelligence Services
4
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
4
Internet Shutdowns
4
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
4
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
3
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
3
Digital Rights
3
Censorship
3
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
3
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
3
Cybercrimes
3
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
3
Social Media
3
Artificial Intelligence
3
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
3
LGBT & Communication / Media
3
Digital Economies & Markets
3
Media Law & Regulation
3
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
2
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
2
Encryption, Cryptology
2
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
2
Facial Recognition, Biometric Surveillance
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
2
Self-Censorship
2
E-Governance, E-Democracy
2
Internet
2
Digital Political Communication
2
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
2
Twitter & Microblogs
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
Uyghurs, Uighurs
2
Political Economy of Media
2
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
2
Female Journalists & Media Workers
2
Feminism & Communication
2
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
2
Investigative Journalism
2
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
2
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
2
Politics and Media
2
Election Campaigns: Social Media
2
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
2
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Media & Information: Disadvantaged Groups and Minorities
1
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Suppression: Communicative Counterstrategies
1
Internet & Social Media Use: Minorities
1
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
1
Mobile Phone Use
1
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
1
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
1
Children's Rights
1
Christian Communication Ethics, Christian Media Ethics
1
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
1
Espionage
1
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
1
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Crisis Communication
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Community Radios
1
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
1
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
1
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
1
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
1
Extremist Recruitment through Media
1
Human Security Reporting
1
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
1
Anthropology of Media & Communication
1
Media Ethnography
1
Cultural Resistance
1
International Development Cooperation
1
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Data
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Digital Criticism
1
Digital Entrepreneurs, Tech Entrepreneurs
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Inclusion
1
Digital Labour, Digital Work
1
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
1
Digital Skills, Digital Production Skills
1
WeChat (Messaging, Social Media & Mobile Payment App, China)
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Social Media in Political Communication
1
Sexual Abuse: Digital Media
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
1
Religion in Social Media
1
TikTok
1
Weibo (Microblogging Website, China)
1
WhatsApp
1
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
1
Gender and ICTs / Internet
1
Female ICT Sector Personnel / Professionals
1
ICT Policies
1
ICT Regulation
1
Postal Services, Letters & Parcels, Stamps
1
Diaspora Media
1
Minorities
1
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
1
Data Economics
1
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
1
Small Enterprises, Micro Businesses, Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
1
International Economy
1
Water Resources Management, Water Access & Supply
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
1
Feminist Media
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Collaboration
1
Colonial Legacies
1
Indigenous Communication
1
Globalisation of Media
1
International Media & Communication Policies
1
African Union (AU)
1
European Union (EU)
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Communication Networks
1
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Civil Rights
1
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
1
Human Rights Protection
1
Human Rights Violations
1
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
1
Marketing & Branding
1
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
1
Deaf & Hard of Hearing People
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Polarization, Political Polarization
1
Capitalism
1
Political Resistance
1
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
1
Democracy / Democratization and Media
1
Political Communication
1
Cyberpsychology
1
Islam and Communication
1
Islamist Communications & Media
1
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
1
Internet & ICTs in Rural Areas
1
Data Protection (Computer Software)
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
1
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
1
Telecommunication Infrastructure
1
Telephone
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"Data governance is an integral aspect of digital authoritarianism because it incorporates any type of control, authority, and manipulation of data […]. Within the context of digital authoritarianism, data governance may incorporate both states and non-state actors that collaborate with states to ... more
"Saudi Arabia and the UAE are the leading exponents of digital authoritarianism in the Middle East. The two states have intensified their collaboration with China and Israel to gain greater access to advanced technologies. The EU has responded to concerns about the risks of new technologies with a r ... more
"The internet gained centrality as a space of public opinion and political activity that became important for the Russian state to co-opt and control as part of the broader push for control of political elites and public perceptions as Putin and his ruling party pushed to eliminate any functioning o ... more
"This Policy Brief examines the different ways in which big data collection serves autocratic agendas by hiding the oppressive potential of heightened surveillance through promises of enhanced safety, convenience, and modernisation. Political actors with autocratic agendas can package their governan ... more
"This Open Access book examines the ambivalences of data power. Firstly, the ambivalences between global infrastructures and local invisibilities challenge the grand narrative of the ephemeral nature of a global data infrastructure. They make visible local working and living conditions, and the reso ... more
"India’s “techade” does show signs of digital authoritarianism that can potentially have farreaching implications for politics, civil liberties and society. At the same time, these are not new challenges for the country. In the past, the Indian government has attempted to surveil, monitor, and ... more
"In sub-Saharan Africa, 495 million people (46 percent of the population) subscribed to mobile phones in 2020, however, the cost of accessing the internet is very high and many African Governments are renowned for restricting access to the internet to limit critics and their opposition through inter ... more
"This compact, accessible guide unpacks a number of key digital justice issues and looks at how digital communication impacts marginalized peoples and groups. Case studies, facts and figures, discussion questions, and suggested readings offer tools for reflection and action. For use by individuals o ... more
"The stories that make up this text offer an approach to the resistances and resiliencies that have arisen in Mexico, covering different manifestations of digital violence in the voices of people representing initiatives and communities that have been victimized through technologies that the state h ... more
"This report documents the emerging and current trends in biometric data collection and processing in Africa. It focuses on the deployment of national biometric technology-based programmes on the continent, and the associated challenges, gaps and risks that are posed to data protection and privacy." ... more
"The Citizen Lab and Access Now have conducted a joint investigation into Pegasus hacking in El Salvador in collaboration with Frontline Defenders, SocialTIC, and Fundación Acceso. We confirmed 35 cases of journalists and members of civil society whose phones were successfully infected with NSO’s ... more
"Multifaceted, uncensored, promoting democracy - that is the internet, many people had long hoped. But from today's perspective, this is not true - or only partially. Because the big digital platforms and the world wide web are both: media of freedom and control. In many places, they support civil s ... more
"Vielfaltig, unzensiert, demokratiefördernd - das ist das Internet, hofften viele Menschen lange. Doch diese Attribute passen aus heutiger Sicht nicht - oder nur teilweise. Denn die großen digitalen Plattformen und das World Wide Web sind beides: Medien der Freiheit und der Kontrolle. Sie helfen d ... more
"The report is the output of a RSE-funded project on how journalists in Scotland undertake their work in the digital age from the point of view of cyber security and surveillance impacts. This research interviewed ten journalists from Scotland, from various beats, locations, and employment backgroun ... more

Understanding Digital Conflict Drivers

In: Fundamental Challenges to Global Peace and Security
Cham: Springer (2022), pp. 169-200
"This chapter explores digital drivers of conflict. We examine how technologies are affecting conflict dynamics and what peacebuilders can do to mitigate these effects. We argue that because digital technologies are fundamentally altering the human experience, they are by extension fundamentally alt ... more
"The Zimbabwean state has in recent years stepped up its surveillance efforts on citizens, civil society and journalists who are viewed as the “enemies of the state”. This state surveillance has been argued to infringe on citizens’ right to privacy and access to information. We are mindful tha ... more

A battle of two pandemics: Coronavirus and digital authoritarianism in the Arab World

In: Cyber War & Cyber Peace: Digital Conflict in the Middle East
London; New York: Tauris (2022), pp. 161-178
"This chapter explores the current wave of coronavirus-related digital crackdowns in the Arab region, which are unfolding in multiple forms, and analyzes its causes, contexts, and consequences. It explores why and how the stifling of media freedom and freedom of speech online in the Arab region has ... more
"Die Publikation führt in die Thematiken einer feministischen Netzpolitik ein und zeigt deren Potentiale auf. Zudem unternimmt sie den Versuch, einen neuen Gesellschaftsvertrag des Digitalen zu entwerfen. Anhand von zwei zentralen Themen- und Diskussionsfeldern, „Digitale Gewalt“ und „Überwa ... more
"Journalists, across the world, are ever more at risk of surveillance from state and non-state antagonists. However, to work safely in a monitored environment is a substantial challenge for journalists. In such regimes, journalists and media organizations are often prone to attacks by the state auth ... more