"En 2022 se ha observado una ralentización del nivel de la actividad económica (7,2%) en comparación al segundo semestre de 2021 y se pronostica que todavía caerá en 2023 (4,4%), a niveles insuficientes para la recuperación a los niveles pre-crisis. Una combinación de factores dan cuenta de e
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sos resultados, los cuales tienen que ver con el deterioro de la infraestructura y de los servicios básicos (energía, agua, seguridad, telecomunicaciones), el escaso acceso al crédito bancario, la falta de capital humano, el bajo nivel de ingreso real de los consumidores, el bajo crecimiento de la producción petrolera, así como los efectos de algunas sanciones. Si bien se superó la situación de hiperinflación que se produjo desde 2017, Venezuela todavía figura como la economía más inflacionaria del mundo, estimándose que puede cerrar este año 2022 en 125%." (Slide 6)
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"The Government of Kenya recognizes Irish potato as one of the food security and nutrition crops together with maize and rice (GoK, 2017). This study sought to investigate the influence of radio programmes in promoting Irish potato farming as a contributor to food security in Nakuru County. The stud
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y looked at the period between 2012 and 2015 when most radio stations started programmes on agriculture. Purposive sampling method was used to identify four sub-counties in Nakuru County namely: Kuresoi South, Kuresoi North, Molo and Naivasha. A census of forty-eight farmers registered with the National Potato Council of Kenya between 2012 and 2015 were interviewed. Eleven agricultural extension officers from the sampled sub-counties were interviewed as key informants. The study established that Irish potato farmers listened and applied skills acquired from agricultural radio programmes to improve their farming leading to food security in Nakuru County. Information inaccuracy was revealed as one of the challenges during the study. Radio should, therefore, provide accurate information on specific varieties for specific regions so that Irish potato farming flourishes and nourishes Nakuru people." (Abstract)
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"Food security is a global concern, as all international and local agencies are putting various efforts to attain the Sustainable Development Goal number 2 of ending hunger by 2030. Nevertheless, achieving food security in the face of climate change seems to be unachievable in the foreseeable future
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. The study sought to investigate the coverage by newspapers in Zimbabwe on food security issues related to climate-smart agriculture. Quantitative data on food security issues were collected by reviewing newspapers namely The Herald, Newsday, The Standard and The Sunday Mail in 123 days. The main objective was to analyse quantitative coverage of climate-smart agricultural news. The study analysed newspaper coverage of crop production, animal production, fisheries, postharvest management, food safety, value addition, marketing and administration as they relate to climate change. Results of 469 food security articles revealed that 22.6% coverage was related to climate change whilst 77.4% covered food security issues not related to climate change. The study concluded that there was a significant variance in the coverage of various food security issues related to climate change with climate change issues related to postharvest management, food safety and fishery management not being covered during the period of study. It is recommended that stakeholders in the agriculture sector and the media industry should work towards improving the publication of climate change adaptation and mitigation in agriculture." (Abstract)
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"Le présent document de stratégie fournit, sur la base de l’analyse situationnelle, le cadre logique des interventions, délimite les domaines stratégiques, précise les objectifs tant généraux que spécifiques et les résultats attendus des différentes activités qui seront programmées. Il
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passe en revue les cibles, les comportements que l’on attend d’elles et les canaux qui vont être utilisés pour délivrer à chaque type de cibles des messages et des argumentaires spécifiques. La réussite de sa mise en oeuvre nécessite l’engagement de tous les acteurs." (Conclusion, page 110)
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"Every day we take dozens of decisions that influence the nutrition of our family members, friends, colleagues and our own. These decisions depend on the determinants for good nutrition of the UNICEF Framework and the four dimensions of Food and Nutrition Security: availability, access, use/utilizat
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ion and stability. They are therefore very different in the North of Mali, a mega-city in India or rural Europe. At the same time there is more to food than the socio-economic facts. Food has cultural and religious dimensions; it can define affiliation to groups of society or status. Not only long-term well-being but also short-term personal satisfaction is linked to our food intake.
Therefore, these guidelines cover a topic that goes beyond these four dimensions by addressing the existing scope for behavioural changes in any given environment. Our joint vision to overcome hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030 will only come true, if we not only strengthen the socio-economic capacities of people but also strengthen the capacities to make the right nutrition choices and stick to them. Information on healthy diets is important but not enough to make a difference in the long run. We have to question our approach and develop it further based on evidence not assumptions. Sound analyses of the target group and the underlying factors of nutrition choices are key. Applying the knowledge of behavioural science helps to tap into the psychological and social effects. This tool guides you systematically with concrete examples to work on increasing motivation and breaking barriers for nutrition. With frequency and consistency." (Foreword)
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"The Sphere Handbook is marking its 20th anniversary with the publication of this fourth edition. It is the result of an intense year-long mobilisation of humanitarian actors around the globe and reflects two decades of experience using the standards in front-line operations, policy development and
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advocacy to uphold principled quality and accountability. With a clear, rights-based framework, the Handbook builds on the legal and ethical foundations of humanitarianism with pragmatic guidance, global good practice and compiled evidence to support humanitarian staff wherever they work." (Foreword)
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"Redistribution programs in developing countries often “leak” because local officials do not implement programs as the central government intends. We study one approach to reducing leakage. In an experiment in over 550 villages, we test whether mailing cards with program information to targeted
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beneficiaries increases the subsidy they receive from a subsidized rice program. On net, beneficiaries received 26 percent more subsidy in card villages. Ineligible households received no less, so this represents substantially lower leakage." (Abstract)
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"This book brings together scholars from a variety of disciplines to address critical perspectives on Chinese language social media, internationalizing the state of social media studies beyond the Anglophone paradigm. The collection focuses on the intersections between Chinese language social media
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and disability, celebrity, sexuality, interpersonal communication, charity, diaspora, public health, political activism and non-governmental organisations (NGOs)." (Publisher description)
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"This article explores how the U.S. news media construct the topic of hunger in Africa for U.S. audiences. Specifically, the article addresses how newspapers define and delimit the relationship between U.S. citizens and foreign sufferers. Through a framing analysis and critical discourse analysis of
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randomly sampled newspaper stories, the author finds that while news articles covering hunger in the United States usually frame the problem as pertinent to the public sphere, the victim as worthy of political action, and the reader as political agent, articles covering hunger in Africa frame the issue as irrelevant to the public sphere, the victim as removed from political action, and the reader as politically impotent. Interviews with journalists are used to understand why discrepancies occur." (Abstract)
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"On 1 June 2011, Oxfam launched the GROW campaign to tackle food injustice and build a better food system. The GROW campaign is broad and diverse, operating at national, regional and international levels, across 4 thematic areas – land, investment in small-scale agriculture, climate change and foo
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d price volatility. As of March 2013, teams in 34 Southern countries and 16 Northern ‘affiliate’ countries were involved in the campaign. In this first phase, a number of outcomes were achieved across 50 countries and globally. The most significant achievement was securing policy changes or commitments on food and land from governments, corporations, and global bodies in addition to involving rural women in these processes. The biggest challenge has been to “deeply engage” with a significant global audience of 50 million on one or more of the GROW themes. More success has been seen in building national networks or cross-country initiatives, that while effective, haven’t constituted a global movement on food." (Executive summary, page 3)
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"The African Farm Radio Research Initiative (AFRRI) was a 42-month action research project implemented by Farm Radio International (FRI) in partnership with World University Service of Canada (WUSC), and with the support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. An estimated 40 million farmers in five
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different countries were served by the AFRRI partnership with 25 radio stations. Farmers engaged in the design and development of farm radio programming were almost 50 per cent more likely to take up agricultural practices deemed to improve their food security than passive listeners. Those in what AFRRI deemed "active listening communities" (ALCs) were 10 times more likely to adopt the practice than those farmers who had no access to the farm radio programs. Farmers demonstrated increased knowledge of agriculture innovations as a result of listening to AFRRI radio programs, with up to 96% of some radio listeners scoring at least 60% on a follow-up knowledge quiz about the promoted farm practices [.] Farmers participate in selecting the focus – or topic – of the radio campaign, choose the time of broadcast, and are intimately engaged in the ongoing development of the farm radio programming over a set number of weeks; including as central agents of the knowledge-sharing process. Lively and entertaining formats are designed to attract listeners. [.] This report presents and discusses the key findings from an in-depth evaluation of 15 round-two Participatory Radio Campaigns (PRCs) – three PRCs in each of the five countries involved in AFRRI. AFRRI examined a mix of radio stations – community, associative, commercial, and state. Tools used for this evaluation included 4,500 household surveys (300 per radio station) in 90 communities, farm visits and field measurements, key informant interviews, and collection of secondary data (from other sources, such as national agricultural extension services)." (Executive summary, page 5)
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