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Media

Edward Knudsen

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2021), 19 pp.

"We can see that the number of countries with concentrated foreign media strategies has increased substantially and that their range of activities and strategies is substantial. Also visible is a decline in spending from Western nations (with countries Austria, Canada, and the Neth-erlands severely ... more

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Media: Comparative Report

Edward Knudsen

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2021), 19 pp.

"International broadcasters are driven by several distinct, yet often overlapping, goals. They can aim to: provide international perspectives in areas without a wealth of local media, such as former colonies (i.e. France, UK, Germany); remain connected to diaspora populations (Poland); to preserve, ... more

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The Digitalization of Public Diplomacy

Ilan Manor

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2021), xvi, 356 pp.

"This book addresses how digitalization has influenced the institutions, practitioners and audiences of diplomacy. Throughout, the author argues that terms such as 'digitalized public diplomacy' or 'digital public diplomacy' are misleading, as they suggest that Ministries of Foreign Affairs (MFAs) a ... more

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Pillars of Russia's Disinformation and Propaganda Ecosystem

Washington, DC: U.S. Department of State (2020), 76 pp.

"Russia has operationalized the concept of perpetual adversarial competition in the information environment by encouraging the development of a disinformation and propaganda ecosystem that allows for varied and overlapping approaches that reinforce each other even when individual messages within the ... system appear contradictory. This ecosystem reflects both the sources of disinformation and propaganda—official government statements, state-funded media outlets, proxy websites, bots, false social media personas, cyber-enabled disinformation operations, etc.—and the different tactics that these channels use. Russia’s willingness to employ this approach provides it with three perceived advantages. First, it allows for the introduction of numerous variations of the same false narratives. This allows for the different pillars of the ecosystem to fine tune their disinformation narratives to suit different target audiences because there is no need for consistency, as there would be with attributed government communications. Second, it provides plausible deniability for Kremlin officials when proxy sites peddle blatant and dangerous disinformation, allowing them to deflect criticism while still introducing pernicious information. Third, it creates a media multiplier effect among the different pillars of the ecosystem that boost their reach and resonance. The media multiplier effect can, at times, create disinformation storms with potentially dangerous effects for those Russia perceives as adversaries at the international, national, and local level. In the past, Russia has leveraged this dynamic to shield itself from criticism for its involvement in malign activity. This approach also allows Russia to be opportunistic, such as with COVID-19, where it has used the global pandemic as a hook to push longstanding disinformation and propaganda narratives [...] This report provides a visual representation of the ecosystem described above, as well as an example of the media multiplier effect it enables. This serves to demonstrate how the different pillars of the ecosystem play distinct roles and feed off of and bolster each other. The report also includes brief profiles of select proxy sites and organizations that occupy an intermediate role between the pillars of the ecosystem with clear links to Russia and those that are meant to be fully deniable." (Pages 5-7) more

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COVID-19 Foreign Influence Campaigns: Europe and the Global Battle of Narratives

Naja Bentzen

Brussels: European Parliament (2020), 8 pp.

"The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) initially concealed information about the spread of the virus. Research suggests that they thereby delayed measures to alleviate the spread of the disease. At the same time, the CCP launched far-reaching efforts to silence domestic criticism. The CCP's efforts to r ... more

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The China Story: Reshaping the World's Media
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International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) (2020), 8 pp.

"Beijing is running an extensive and sophisticated long-term outreach campaign which cuts across the developed and developing world, focusing on both legacy and digital media. This is a strategic, long-term effort to reshape the global news landscape with a China-friendly global narrative. Through f ... more

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China’s Media Strategy in the Pacific

Denghua Zhang, Amanda H. A. Watson

Department of Pacific Affairs (DPA) (2020), 2 pp.

"The Chinese government’s media activities in the Pacific fall into five categories. First, China has expanded its official media to Pacific Island countries (PICs). The China Central Television’s English international channel (CCTV-9) has established operations in the Federated States of Micron ... more

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Behind the News: Inside China Global Television Network

Merriden Varrall

Sydney: Lowy Institute for International Policy (2020), 24 pp.

"China’s efforts to use state media as a means to increase its soft power around the world have raised concerns in many quarters. With much fanfare in late 2016, China relaunched its global television network, formerly known as China Central Television, as a new global media brand, the China Globa ... more

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Public diplomacy

Thomas Jäger

In: Handbuch Politische Kommunikation

Isabelle Borucki; Katharina Kleinen-von Königslöw; Stefan Marschall; Thomas Zerback (eds.)

Wiesbaden: Springer (2020), 14 pp.

"Public Diplomacy ist eine Form von Regierungshandeln, das darauf abzielt, die Gesellschaft eines anderen Staates so zu beeinflussen, dass durch sie auf die Entscheidungen der dortigen Regierung eingewirkt werden kann. Sie nutzt hierfür unterschiedliche Instrumente der Kommunikation. Sie verfolgt u ... more

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Soft Power, Hard News: How Journalists at State-Funded Transnational Media Legitimize Their Work

Kate Wright, Martin Scott, Mel Bunce

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 25, issue 4 (2020), pp. 607-631

"How do journalists working for different state-funded international news organizations legitimize their relationship to the governments which support them? In what circumstances might such journalists resist the diplomatic strategies of their funding states?We address these questions through a comp ... more

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Global Communication: A Multicultural Perspective

Yahya R. Kamalipour (ed.)

Lanham et al.: Rowman & Littlefield, 3rd ed. (2020), xxviii, 454 pp.

"Brings together diverse issues and expert perspectives of twenty-two notable and accomplished communication scholars, representing eight countries around the world. Together they discuss international communication, public relations and advertising, cultural implications of globalization, internati ... more

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The Implications for Democracy of China’s Globalizing Media Influence

Sarah Cook

In: Freedom and the Media: A Downward Spiral

Freedom House (2019), pp. 8-15

"Chinese authorities influence news media content around the world through three primary strategies: promoting the CCP’s narratives, suppressing critical viewpoints, and managing content delivery systems. These efforts have already undercut key features of democratic governance and best practices ... more

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Chinese Propaganda Seducing the World

Jeanne Boden

Brussels: PUNCT (2019), 292 pp.

"In contrast to earlier publications on Chinese propaganda and media, 'Chinese propaganda seducing the world' offers the first comprehensive analysis of propaganda from Mao to today. Here lies the book’s strength. The author, Jeanne Boden, holds a PhD in Oriental Languages and Cultures (Ghent Univ ... more

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The Psychology of State-Sponsored Disinformation Campaigns and Implications for Public Diplomacy

Erik C. Nisbet, Olga Kamenchuk

The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, volume 14, issue 1/2 (2019), pp. 65-82

"Policy discourse about disinformation focuses heavily on the technological dimensions of state-sponsored disinformation campaigns. Unfortunately, this myopic focus on technology has led to insufficient attention being paid to the underlying human factors driving the success of state-sponsored disin ... more

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Propaganda & Persuasion
Top Insights

Garth Jowett, Victoria O'Donnell

Los Angeles et al.: Sage, 7th ed. (2019), xv, 400 pp.

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China, Africa, and the Future of the Internet
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Iginio Gagliardone

London: Zed Books (2019), xi, 192 pp.

"Featuring a wealth of interviews with a variety of actors – from Chinese and African journalists in Chinese media to Chinese workers for major telecommunication companies – this highly original book demonstrates how China is both contributing to the 'Africa rising' narrative while exploiting th ... more

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Public Diplomacy: Messung, Entstehung und Gestaltung von Landesimages

Diana Ingenhoff, Alexander Buhmann

Köln: Herbert von Halem Verlag (2019), 269 pp.

"Diana Ingenhoff und Alexander Buhmann führen in den aktuellen Forschungs- und Wissensstand zu Public Diplomacy und insbesondere zu Landesimages ein. Sie reflektieren dabei Fragen der Messung, Entstehung und Gestaltung von Landesimages und geben Antworten auf die folgenden Leitfragen: Welche Aspekt ... more

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International Communication: Essential Readings

Vandana Pednekar-Magal (ed.)

Cognella, 2nd revised ed. (2018), viii, 228 pp.

"Designed as a text with introductions to each section and chapter, the volume brings together diverse perspectives on globalization and communication and includes significant emerging aspects of International Communication research such as diaspora audience and global publics." (Publisher descripti ... more

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Communicating National Image Through Development and Diplomacy: The Politics of Foreign Aid

James Pamment, Karin Gwinn Wilkins (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2018), xii, 272 pp.

"This edited collection draws upon interdisciplinary research to explore new dimensions in the politics of image and aid. While development communication and public diplomacy are established research fields, there is little scholarship that seeks to understand how the two areas relate to one another ... more

Re-Evaluating China’s Global Media Expansion

Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, volume 13, issue 1 (2018), pp. 1-142

The China Story: Reshaping the World's Media Top Insights

Propaganda & Persuasion Top Insights

China, Africa, and the Future of the Internet Top Insights

The China Story: Reshaping the World's Media
Top Insights

Propaganda & Persuasion
Top Insights

China, Africa, and the Future of the Internet
Top Insights