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Digital Security for Journalists from Marginalized Communities: Women

Internews (2023), 4 pp.

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Mexico. Digital Threat Landscape: Civil Society & Media

Internews (2023), 13 pp.

External Link (6)

Monitoring and Evaluation for Digital Security Training

Kate Long, Ellie Cole

Internews (2023), 87 pp.

External Link (4)

Toolkit for Digital Safety Design Interventions and Innovations: Typology of Online Harms

Geneva: World Economic Forum (2023), 16 pp.

"The Typology of Online Harms provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and categorizing various types of online harm through a human rights lens [...] This typology recognizes the complex nature of online safety, by classifying the threats into content, contact and conduct risks. Online ... more

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Google Scholar (9)

WorldCat (8)

Digital Citizenship Education Handbook: Being online, Well-being online, Rights online
Key Guidance

Janice Richardson, Elizabeth Milovidov

Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2022), 135 pp.

"The Digital citizenship education handbook is intended for teachers and parents, education decision makers and platform providers alike. It describes in depth the multiple dimensions that make up each of 10 digital citizenship domains, and includes a fact sheet on each domain providing ideas, good ... more

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OECD Policy Framework on Digital Security: Cybersecurity for Prosperity
Key Guidance

Paris: OECD (2022), 38 pp.

"The OECD Policy Framework on Digital Security helps policy makers understand the economic and social dimension of cybersecurity, raises their awareness about the OECD approach to digital security policy, and encourages them to make use of OECD digital security recommendations to develop better poli ... more

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From Boots on the Ground to Bytes in Cyberspace: A Mapping Study on the Use of Information CommunicationsTechnologies (ICTs) in Security Services Provided by Commercial Actors

Anne-Marie Buzatu

Geneva: ICT for Peace Foundation (2022), v, 62 pp.

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Data Protection & Privacy Guides

Portland, Oregon; Edinburgh: Mercy Corps (2022), 24 pp.

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Evaluating online safety initiatives: How to build the evidence base on what works to keep children safe online

UNICEF;Young and Resilient Research Centre (2022), 59 pp.

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Private Gatekeepers: Encrypted Messaging Apps and News Audiences
Top Insights

Laura Oliver

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 20 pp.

"This report examines the widespread use of encrypted messaging apps (EMAs) in developing countries and emerging democracies has prompted news outlets in these regions to experiment with them as mechanisms for distributing the news. From news products designed specifically for sharing via EMAs to pr ... more

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A study paper on human-centred cybersecurity: Kenyan Fintech sector

Grace Githaiga, Victor Kapiyo, Mwendwa Kivuva

Bonn; Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) (2022), 37 pp.

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Guia tá na rede! O que vira é navegar com segurança. Para crianças e adolescentes

Elaine Souza, Viviane Delgado, Carolina Nascimento

São Paulo: Viração Educomunicação (2022), 51 pp.

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Guia tá na rede! O que vira é navegar com segurança. Para famílias e educadores

Elaine Souza, Viviane Delgado, Carolina Nascimento

São Paulo: Viração Educomunicação (2022), 51 pp.

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Policy Brief: Nine Steps to Protect Our Data and Privacy in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka’s Personal Data Protection Bill, 2021

Jade Lyngdoh, Raman Jit Singh Chima, Namrata Maheshwari

Access Now (2022), 10 pp.

"This policy brief is an Access Now publication. It gives context about the Personal Data Protection Bill in the Parliament of Sri Lank, states the key areas of concerns in the present bill, and proposes nine (9) recommendations." (commbox)

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“It's not paranoia if they really are out to get you”: Navigating risk to journalists when connected devices are everywhere

Anjuli R. K. Shere, Jason R. C. Nurse, Andrew Martin

IAMCR 2022 Conference “Communication Research in the Era of Neo-Globalisation: Reorientations, Challenges and Changing Contexts” (2022), 18 pp.

"The consumer Internet of Things (IoT) is a fast-growing area of technology, increasingly embedded in the public and private spheres, including both in and on bodies. There are various security concerns and academic investigations into potential risks of this expansion, but none yet specifically add ... ressing the implications to journalists and the democratic pillar of press freedom. Not only are risks to this community not yet assessed, but IoT threats generally are not communicated without technical jargon, making them inaccessible to non-experts. Given the importance of a free press, mapping IoT devices and, crucially, communicating associated risk in ways understandable and actionable to journalists themselves, is key. Journalists and the press are particularly at-risk from IoT devices that may feature in the environments with which they must regularly interact because of the fundamental imperative of source confidentiality. Previous research demonstrated that members of the press are largely unaware of the ways in which the IoT can threaten their work and wellbeing. The networked capabilities of IoT devices increases the ease with which well-resourced threat actors can target journalists who routinely handle confidential information and are already at risk around the world from a variety of non-IoT threats. This paper therefore presents a novel categorisation of both ambient and wearable consumer IoT devices according to the environments in which journalists are most likely to interact with them. It draws on related academic work classifying devices for technical audiences to create a system that is accessible to journalists and their sources. Its goal is to make members of the media aware of the prevalence of these technologies and which of the devices’ capabilities may increase their individual risk. Useful risk assessments cannot be undertaken without an accurate understanding of where threats may be encountered. By systematically outlining risks in numerous environments, this taxonomy can be easily incorporated into existing security training materials and risk assessments for journalists. This paper presents a novel taxonomy to codify and organise IoT present in different environments, with examples of how journalists and their work could be impacted, both passively (i.e. via surveillance) or actively (i.e. via information theft). It also discusses how different environments that may contain IoT devices are often under the control of actors whom journalists cannot easily influence, nor protect themselves against. Especially as these devices continue to proliferate, journalistic risk from IoT devices in surrounding environments are growing. It is therefore important to address the contemporary and emerging risks to journalism that are associated with connected devices. This paper enables journalists and readers to not only visualise and conceptualise how IoT devices in different environments may create risks, its user-focused language and organisation also empower journalists to begin to use this taxonomy for awareness, mitigation, and protective purposes." (Abstract) more

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Cyber security, surveillance and journalism in Scotland

Angela Daly, Elaine Robinson, David McMenemy

Dundee: Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Sciences (2022), 21 pp.

"The report is the output of a RSE-funded project on how journalists in Scotland undertake their work in the digital age from the point of view of cyber security and surveillance impacts. This research interviewed ten journalists from Scotland, from various beats, locations, and employment backgroun ... more

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Securing Australian Journalism from Surveillance

Diarmaid Harkin, Monique Mann

Deakin University;Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation (ADI) (2022), 31 pp.

"In Australia, the Data Retention Act (2015), the Assistance and Access Act (2018), the Identify and Disrupt Act (2021), and the International Production Orders Act (2020) have significantly increased the surveillance powers of law enforcement and intelligence agencies with implications for journali ... sts and the free press. This report draws on interviews with 19 journalists and 2 media-lawyers in Australia. The interviews were conducted between May and November 2021. The aim of the interviews was to gauge (a) the level of preparedness amongst journalists in Australia concerning surveillance, and (b) the impacts of increased surveillance powers on journalistic practices. There was wide variation in information security understanding and applied skill among media organisations and journalists. Some expressed “very low confidence” (Journalist F) that journalists were adequately prepared for the threats of electronic surveillance and a number conceded that they were not thinking about it “enough” (Journalist Q) or were just “learning on the job but could know more” (Journalist I). Some media organisations do not offer support in terms of education and training, policies and procedures, or formal guidance, and even among the most active and equipped organisations, support for cyber security concerns was described as “probably too far down the list of considerations” (Journalist D). In most instances, journalists were self-educating as “it is up to the individual journalist to make sure they are secure” (Journalist A). The 2019 AFP raids on the ABC and Annika Smethurst were described as a “holy shit” moment (Journalist P) that raised awareness of government surveillance of journalists. These raids resulted in many journalists and media organisations raising their efforts to protect their digital communications. Subsequently, over the past 2 to 3 years many journalists have migrated to encrypted communication applications such as Signal and Protonmail, while several media organisations have implemented SecureDrop for whistle-blowers to provide anonymity and security. Journalists suggested media organisations could do more to provide “formalised training” and “organisational support” (Journalist P) and invest more in their employees to provide confidence to potential sources that “journalists are good at this” (Journalist J)." (Executive summary) more

External Link (11)

Google Scholar (9)

WorldCat (9)

Handbook of Digital Inequality

Eszter Hargittai (ed.)

Cheltenham; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing (2022), xii, 386 pp.

"International contributors assess a variety of key contexts that impact access to digital technologies, including contextual variations related to geography and infrastructure, as well as individual differences related to age, income, health and disability status. Chapters explore how variations em ... more

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Keeping Journalists Safe Online: A Guide for Newsrooms in West Africa & Beyond

Gideon Sarpong

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2022), 27 pp.

"The guidelines contained here specify steps and measures that newsrooms and journalists in West Africa can take to mitigate the problem of online abuse. The purpose is not to shield journalists from criticism or promote the criminalization of online speech, but to deal with a real threat facing jou ... more

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Tech Care: A step-by-step guide to providing digital support for civil society

Flo Pagano, Inés Binder (ed.)

Digital Defenders Partnership;Access Now (2022), 90 pp.

"What we lacked was a set of simple instructions that could help navigate the workflows and procedures of a digital security helpline, while focusing on the specific demand of offering a service to groups that are often underfunded, understaffed, non-hierarchical and exposed to disproportionate thre ... more

Digital Citizenship Education Handbook: Being online, Well-being online, Rights online Key Guidance

OECD Policy Framework on Digital Security: Cybersecurity for Prosperity Key Guidance

Private Gatekeepers: Encrypted Messaging Apps and News Audiences Top Insights

Digital Citizenship Education Handbook: Being online, Well-being online, Rights online
Key Guidance

OECD Policy Framework on Digital Security: Cybersecurity for Prosperity
Key Guidance

Private Gatekeepers: Encrypted Messaging Apps and News Audiences
Top Insights