"In the digital world, every profession has seen a massive transformation in terms of working mechanisms, approaches to the problem, dealing with prospects, moving forward to conceptualising the solution and so on. Likewise, the media field has also seen a massive transformation. The working pattern ... and the types of problems employees face also become a significant threat to many media professionals, especially journalists. The threat to journalists is a significant hindrance today to the younger generation, and journalism has become one of the dangerous professions, citing the transformation and risks involved. In many countries, especially in South Asia, journalists face surveillance, legislation, threats, violence, conflicts, workplace harassment, intimidation, impersonation, forced detention, kidnapping and killing, which affect their work patterns and result in a lack of free speech and press freedom. Many countries have faced allegations dealing with journalist threats in the last 25 years. Especially women journalists today face various consequences inside and outside the organisation when they are physically and emotionally at work. The war and conflict zone reporting also burdens the journalists, who must undergo safety and security training to mitigate the risks. Digital surveillance, safety and security concerns for journalists are increasing internally and externally. Hence, many organisations are training their journalists to secure them from risks by assessing complications and processes involved in their duty. The high increase in insecurities and threats has become a potential area to study. This study will assess journalist’s risks and threats in South Asian countries. The level of media freedom, the measures taken by the media organisations/government to manage risk, journalist’s current situation, work culture, protection level in different countries, and different types of risks (physical, psychological, financial, digital, gender-specific, public and legal) evaluated through secondary data. It will help us to understand and evaluate the current situation by comparing different countries in South Asia. The information presented in this research will be helpful for policymaking to secure the journalists from threats." (Abstract) more

"Radio as a medium is continuously playing a significant role not only in the dissemination of information but also in the propagation of culture and nation-building, providing many minorities, remote, and disenfranchised areas with a low-cost civic sphere. Radio is an essential and useful tool for ... communication. The phrase “a radio service by the people, close to the people and for the people” sums up the essential features of this service. So, we can say that Community Radio must not only be run by but also serve the welfare of the society. It aims to help and benefit the public group through its programming. In this paper, the researcher intends to observe the community radio as an emerging platform to discuss developmental issues programming of broadcasts by total four CRS. So, two stations from educational category and two is from Ngo category from Jaipur, Jhunjhunu, Alwar and Sirohi district of Rajasthan as a case study." (Abstract) more