"This work has striven to examine the Lebanese media system from a comparative perspective by applying the Hallin and Mancini theoretical framework. This has helped illuminate salient factors influencing the Lebanese media system. The use of the framework also revealed the necessity of considerable ... contextual adaptation. In particular, state weakness, the strengths of non-state actors, the small market and the politicized political culture all emerged as indicators that have a significant impact on the Lebanese media system and potentially other similar systems. The work concludes with the suggestion of the CriSPP Model, which primarily serves to incite further comparative research." (Conclusion) more

"This briefing suggests that national broadcasters may have the potential to help to bridge social divides, if they can be reformed to serve the interests of the public rather than the state. In addition to their extensive infrastructure and reach, these institutions also have a cultural standing th ... at enables them to serve diverse audiences with programmes tailored to their needs and interests. But in order to realise that mission, these organisations will need to reorient their programming so that it responds less to government policies and more to the needs of citizens. Specifically, the briefing suggests that state broadcasters can do this by instilling the twin public service values of universality and diversity into their programming, underpinned by a clear commitment to editorial independence. Formats that enable inclusive dialogue, rational debate and clear and trusted information can, at least in theory, mitigate conflict by facilitating tolerance, mutual understanding and representation." (Executive summary) more