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Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
1
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Media / Communication Control
1
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
1
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
1
Social Media in Political Communication
1
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
1
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
1
Journalism
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1
Television Landscapes
1
Uses-And-Gratifications Approach
1
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
1
Language
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Journals
Output Type
"Over a decade ago, the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings erupted in six Arab countries. They were accompanied, initially, by high hopes for democratic transformation and reform (Lynch, 2012). These hopes and aspirations also included widening the margin of freedom of expression in general and press freedo ... more
"The spread of social media platforms ushered the beginning of an unprecedented communication era, which is borderless, immediate, widespread, and defies restrictions and censorship. Digital technology aided the spread of democracy and freedom of expression and helped to overthrow some Arab regimes ... more
"The spread of social media platforms ushered the beginning of an unprecedented communication era, which is borderless, immediate, widespread, and defies restrictions and censorship. Digital technology aided the spread of democracy and freedom of expression and helped to overthrow some Arab regimes ... more
"The spread of social media platforms ushered the beginning of an unprecedented communication era, which is borderless, immediate, widespread, and defies restrictions and censorship. Digital technology aided the spread of democracy and freedom of expression and helped to overthrow some Arab regimes ... more
"Following the Arab Spring, the use of social media has become instrumental in organising activist movements and spreading political dissent in the Middle East. New online behaviours have transformed traditional communication channels, enabling young people of all backgrounds to feel politically emp ... more