"This volume brings together leading experts from a variety of fields to critically evaluate the extent to which global norms on freedom of expression and information have been established and which actors and institutions have contributed to their diffusion. The contributors also consider ongoing and new challenges to these norms, from conflicts over hate speech and the rise of populism to authoritarian governments, as well as the profound disruption introduced by the internet. Together, these essays lay the groundwork for an international legal doctrine on global freedom of expression that considers issues such as access to government-held information, media diversity, and political speech." (Publisher)
Contents
Introduction: Regardless of frontiers? Global freedom of expression norms for a troubled world / Agnès Callamard, 1
I. A GLOBAL THRESHOLD
1 Global norms on media regulation: the devil is in the detail / Toby Mendel, 37
2 The right to access information held by public authorities: emergence as a global norm / Sandra Coliver, 57
3 The protection of political expression / Nani Jansen and Jonathan McCully, 80
4 International, regional, and national approaches to the protection of reputation and freedom of expression / Peter Noorlander, 98
5 Is there a global norm for the protection of journalistic sources? / Richard Danbury, 116
II. INTERGOVERNMENTAL INSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL ACTORS AS NORM ENTREPRENEURS
6 The norm entrepreneurship of the United Nations / Tarlach McGonagle and Emmanuel Vargas Penagos, 145
7 On "balancing" and "social watchdogs": the European Court of Human Rights as a norm entrepreneur for freedom of expression / Jan Oster, 165
8 The role of the Inter-American Human Rights System in the emergence and development of global norms on freedom of expression / Catalina Botero, 185
9 The African system: a new actor of normative integration? / Catherine Anite, 207
10 Globalizing the battle against impunity / Joel Simon and Elizabeth Witchel, 227
III. CONFLICTS, COMPETITION, ANTIGLOBALIZATION
11 Norms in conflict: the restraints on the emergence of a free speech norm / Agnes Callamard and Sejal Parmar, 255
12 Making choices: social media platforms and freedom of expression norms / Chinmayi Arun, 275
13 China, information technology and global freedom of expression: a story of sovereignty and global capitalism / Séverine Arsène, 288
14 The rise of global counternorms / Alexander Cooley, 309
IV. INTERACTIVE GLOBAL JURISPRUDENCE
15 New York Times v. Sullivan / Hawley Johnson, 329
16 Handyside v. United Kingdom / Amalie Bang, 341
17 Claude Reyes v. Chile: a global trailblazer / Sofia Jaramillo Otoya, 346
18 Lohé Issa Konaté v. Burkina Faso: a tipping point for decriminalization of defamation in Africa / Hawley Johnson, 357
19 Fast, far and deep: the global journey of the right to be forgotten / Bach Avezdjanov, 369