"Vietnamese are avid news consumers; nine in 10 (89.8%) say they access news at least daily, while 93.9% do so at least once a week. Weekly access to TV news varies little by gender, education or urban vs. rural residence. This in part reflects the finding that televisions are ubiquitous throughout the country, including in both urban (98.6%) and rural (97.0%) households. Even among Vietnamese with no formal education or those who say they are finding it “very difficult” to get by on their current income, at least nine in 10 have a TV in their homes (96.0% and 90.4%, respectively). By contrast, radio and computer ownership, as well as home Internet access, are more common among Vietnamese at higher socioeconomic levels. Not only are televisions nearly universal in Vietnamese households; almost all adults (97.1%) say they use TV at least weekly to get news. Word-of-mouth and SMS/text messaging are the next most commonly used means for receiving news, though much of this news is personal in nature. Just over one-quarter of Vietnamese overall use radio, the Internet and print media. Though radio use is comparable in rural areas and cities, urban Vietnamese are more likely to get news weekly online or via newspapers and magazines. Weekly use of radio for news is equally common among urban (28.0%) and rural (27.7%) areas, but rises to about one-third (34.3%) among Vietnamese with at least a high school education. Not surprisingly, past-week use of the Internet for news is more common in urban (36.1%) than rural (22.3%) areas and trends sharply upward with education. A majority (56.3%) of Vietnamese with a high school education or more have gone online for news in the past week. Among Hanoi residents with at least a high school education, that figure rises to 64.8%; in Ho Chi Minh City, it is 71.3%." (p.1)