"Der normative Rahmen von indigener Kommunikation ist komplex und kann nur mit Blick auf die sozialen Beziehungen innerhalb der Gemeinschaften und ihrer Bezüge zu anderen Gruppen verstanden werden. Die indigenen Kommunikatoren im Cauca sehen sich vor allem im Dienste ihrer gemeinschaftlichen Prozes...se, die wiederum von den traditionellen indigenen Autoritäten abhängen. Wichtigster Bezugspunkt ist dabei der über 500 Jahre dauernde Widerstandskampf zur Behauptung der eigenen Identität; damit verbunden ist der Versuch, die eigenen Traditionen und kulturellen Eigenheiten zu bewahren. Gleichwohl findet mit der nicht-indigenen Umwelt ein überwiegend konstruktiver Austausch statt. Auf der Organisationsebene des CRIC spielt die Kommunikation auch im Sinne von PR und Lobbying eine Rolle. Gängige Konzepte des community journalism mit einem starken deliberativen Ansatz lassen sich nur teilweise auf das hier dargestellte Verständnis von Kommunikation anwenden. Auch ist die Unterscheidung zwischen dem Binnenverhältnis innerhalb der indigenen Gemeinschaften und ihrem Bezug zur Umwelt wichtig: Unabhängigkeit von staatlicher Politik ist für die indigenen nach außen wichtig, im Binnenverhältnis sind die indigenen Kommunikatoren den Prozessen und Werten der jeweiligen Gemeinschaften verhaftet, die kaum hinterfragbar sind. Presse- oder Medienfreiheit im westlichen Verständnis spielen im Binnenverhältnis keine Rolle, in der Außenkommunikation insofern, als die indigenen Gemeinschaften sie einfordern — verstanden als das Recht, gemeinschaftliche eigene Medien ohne staatliche Zensur betreiben zu dürfen." (S.314-5)
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"The south of the Brazilian state Mato Grosso do Sul, on the border with Paraguay, was historically established by the confinement of native people and occupation of the land by the new settlers. Nowadays, indigenous people struggle for the demarcation of their lands. The areas are currently signifi...cantly transformed by the farms of the agribusiness and many of the lands are in judicial dispute. Confrontations between landowners and indigenous people are frequent. This paper proposes a critical discourse analysis of the texts published in the largest newspaper in Mato Grosso do Sul concerning a specific confrontation that happened in August 2015. The analysis employs a post-colonial perspective, and is aware of continuing marks of coloniality and dehumanization." (Publisher)
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"Del análisis de los quince estudios de caso se desprende un complejo retrato del trabajo que encabezan actores indígenas y no indígenas para que los idiomas nativos del continente ganen espacios y se visibilicen en la esfera digital. El estudio muestra que las formas de hacer activismo digital d...e lenguas indígenas son diversas, pero también que una de las características que comparten es la necesidad de establecer alianzas más allá del mundo comunitario indígena. Si bien el liderazgo de algunos aliados no-indígenas parece en ocasiones “suplantar” el protagonismo nativo, lo fundamental para hacer efectivos los esfuerzos de recuperación lingüística es el compromiso que todos tengan con comunidades de habla y con potenciales interesados en aprender los idiomas originarios. En los casos analizados se aprecia una enorme energía, entusiasmo e imaginación para incorporar los idiomas nativos a expresiones de cultura digital que caracterizan hoy día la esfera mediática global. Cuando los activistas indígenas acometen la tarea de iniciar un proyecto digital, el principal reto que encuentran reside en la ausencia de espacios de capacitación para el manejo de herramientas y la producción de medios digitales atractivos para diversas comunidades. Donde los equipos son básicos, los activistas sustituyen la sofisticación tecnológica con trabajo colaborativo, talento creativo, alianzas estratégicas y un sofisticado conocimiento de la lengua y cultura de sus pueblos. En los casos donde la generación más joven es la que está al frente de las iniciativas digitales, se generan procesos de re-aprendizaje de la lengua que en sí mismos demuestran el potencial e impacto que este tipo de activismo tiene. Para medir la efectividad de estas acciones indígenas, el estudio solicitó a los propios protagonistas hacer una auto-evaluación de los alcances de su trabajo. Aquí se revelan múltiples pistas que deberán ser seguidas en posteriores estudios." (Resumen ejecutivo)
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"In today's Africa racism and ethnicity have been implicated in serious conflicts - from Egypt to Mali to South Africa - that have cost lives and undermined efforts to achieve national cohesion and meaningful development. Racism, Ethnicity and the Media in Africa sets about rethinking the role of me...dia and communication in perpetuating, reinforcing and reining in racism, absolute ethnicity and other discriminations across Africa. It goes beyond the customary discussion of media racism and ethnic stereotyping to critically address broader issues of identity, belonging and exclusion. Topics covered include racism in South African newspapers, pluralist media debates in Kenya, media discourses on same-sex relations in Uganda and ethnicised news coverage in Nigerian newspapers." (Publisher)
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"The Puppetry for All Times Seminar held in September of 2013 in Ubud, Bali, was one of the most enchanting of events of its kind held anywhere in recent years. Its success revolved around the fantastic locale, the overwhelming response from performers as well as the paper presenters, and the genero...us support of Rumah Topeng-the House of Masks and Puppets Setiadarma. In Puppetry for All Times, editor Ghulam-Sarwar Yousof offers a unique collection of papers presented at this weeklong seminar by academicians as well as performers of various traditions of Asian puppetry. The papers cover a wide range of interests and perspectives in puppetry and theater including history and tradition; heritage, preservation, and conversation; tradition and modernity; and digital puppetry and media." (Publisher)
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"La finalidad de este libro es ofrecer al movimiento indígena del Perú y de América Latina un marco de referencia comparativo regional de las políticas públicas referidas al ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación de los pueblos indígenas que facilite articular propuestas para la agenda indí...gena en comunicación. En ese camino, la importancia del estudio reside en crear un marco teórico-técnico que permita sostener desde el campo de la comunicación y del derecho; los compromisos asumidos por los Estados de América Latina en la Declaración de las Naciones Unidas (2007) y en la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos (CADH), sobre la necesidad de democratizar la comunicación y diversificar las informaciones a través de marcos regulatorios de radiodifusión que reconozcan la valía de los medios comunitarios y de políticas públicas de comunicación diferenciales ... El libro está dividido en cinco acápites; la primera parte ofrece una introducción a la comunicación por el cambio social a través de un conjunto de conceptos y relaciones básicas para entender la trascendencia social y política del derecho a la comunicación y de las políticas públicas (diferenciales). En la segunda parte nos ocupamos del diagnóstico sobre la libertad de expresión e información. Para este fin, se han elaborado síntesis del marco jurídico sobre libertades comunicativas en cada uno de los países estudiados, así como de la evaluación y descripción de los cambios y sucesos más importantes en materia de radiodifusión sucedidos en el periodo 2007-2013. La tercera parte aborda el análisis de los marcos regulatorios sobre radio y televisión comunitarias e indígenas en base a los principios que recomienda la CADH y la Asociación Mundial de Radios Comunitarias (AMARC). En la cuarta parte se presentan experiencias del ejercicio del derecho a la comunicación de los medios comunitarios e indígenas, así como datos estadísticos acerca de la situación de estos medios en materia de regulación. En la quinta y última parte presentamos los aportes y conclusiones de la investigación." (Introducción, p.9-11)
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"Con ocasión de los veinticinco años de nuestra fundación como asociación, organizamos una serie de mesas redondas, conferencias y talleres con la finalidad de discutir y analizar la situación de los pueblos indígenas en nuestro país pero a partir de la mirada de otras realidades de la regió...n americana. Con este fin se convocó a diversos comunicadores indígenas y no indígenas para reflexionar sobre los contenidos de los programas de TV de señal abierta, por el peso social ya descrito que este tiene. A partir de preguntas como ¿porqué la representación estereotipada de pueblos y culturas indígenas no es abiertamente cuestionada en nuestra sociedad? ¿Qué mecanismos subconscientes sostienen las representaciones que tenemos de nosotros y nosotras? ¿Los medios de comunicación están condenados a apelar a los referentes sociales (estereotipos, miedos/prejuicios) para construir sus mensajes? ¿Quién o quienes determinan los límites de la libertad de expresión en sociedades regidas por códigos y representaciones racistas? y ¿qué ejemplos o experiencias para enfrentar el racismo y construir una imagen positiva e inclusiva de los pueblos indígenas en los medios de comunicación, pueden ser aplicables a nuestra realidad? Las y los comunicadores convocados analizaron el papel de la comunicación en la construcción de sociedades excluyentes y al mismo tiempo, reflexionar sobre las capacidades y posibilidades de la comunicación para el fortalecimiento de las organizaciones indígenas y la construcción de una voz e imagen desde los pueblos indígenas, pero no solo para los pueblos indígenas, sino que sirva para afirmarnos como sociedades diversas. Racismo, Medios de Comunicación y Pueblos Indígenas es la edición de la mesa redonda titulada “Diálogo en torno al racismo en los medios de comunicación y los pueblos indígenas” realizado el 22 de junio de 2011 en los ambientes de la Coordinadora Nacional de Derechos Humanos. Con la presente publicación CHIRAPAQ, Centro de Culturas Indígenas del Perú comparte estas reflexiones y planteamientos que nos permiten unir nuestras voces y construir una imagen diversa, más cercana y cálida de nuestra sociedad." (p.8)
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"The Media Council of Kenya (MCK), the statutory body established under the Media Act 2007 that regulates media and advances professionalism of the media in Kenya, monitored a set of ten vernacular radio stations in September/October 2011 in order to assess their current performance. The study looke...d at the adherence of the stations to the “Code of Conduct for the Practice of Journalism in Kenya” and the quality and diversity of their coverage. The monitoring was carried out during the confirmation of charges hearings at the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague. A specific objective of the study was to analyze the ICC coverage in terms of accuracy, balance, fairness and conflict sensitivity. Key Findings: The radio stations scored highly on balance and fairness: 97% of the news reports showed no evidence of slanted reporting and 96% covered at least two viewpoints; only a few cases of hate speech were encountered. 99,5% of all radio items contained no hate speech; women were clearly underrepresented in the radio programmes. Women were central news subjects in less than 10% of the news items. Only a quarter of the presenters were female; the radio stations covered the ICC confirmation of charges hearings mainly in their news bulletins. Only a few talk-shows took up the topic. Several editors and managers described this editorial line as an attempt to avoid ethnic tension and incitement; the ICC coverage was predominantly perpetrator-centred. Only a few stories included the side of the victims of post-election violence. Most of the coverage focused on the immediate court procedures, only a few items provided in-depth background information about the cases." (Executive summary)
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"Esta investigación aporta a la comprensión del contexto histórico-social de la construcción del cine documental en Ecuador desde una visión que valora y entiende al cine documental como parte de la cultura visual ecuatoriana, el mundo de las imágenes, su vida social y las representaciones que... éstas originan. La principal contribución radica en encaminar una comprensión crítica sobre la mirada que el Ecuador, como nación, construye sobre sí mismo, pues, mediante la interpretación de la representación de “lo indígena” se advierte a partir de qué visión están construyendo el mundo los hacedores de éstas imágenes, qué tipo de visión del mundo proponen esas imágenes y qué nociones sobre identidad están siendo discutidas o cuestionadas en este campo." (Editorial)
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"This book is the result of several years of observation, analysis, consultation and synthesis of the adaptation of ict s to local languages in Africa. The goal of the Pan Africa Localization project led by Don Osborn was to closely track the progress of ict s in African languages and clearly identi...fy the priorities that the Pan African Network for Localization (anloc) will pursue in its work plan. This book is a revised version of the project’s final report. By collecting and compiling all the data presented in this book, Don has helped establish anloc’s research network and has provided an accurate picture of ict localisation in Africa. This publication will thus be useful for decision-makers intending to develop a language policy, developers working on language processing, researchers in the area of languages and information technologies, donor agencies that fund projects to support local languages, and ict users wanting to use these technologies in their local language." (Foreword, p.x)
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"News stories provide an essential confirmation of our ideas about who we are, what we have to fear, and what to do about it: a marketplace of ideas, shopped by rational citizen decision makers but also a shared resource for grounding our contested narratives of identity in objective reality. News a...s a fundamental social process comes into being not when an event takes place or when a report of the event is created but when that report becomes news to someone. As it moves off the page into the community, news discovers - through its interpretations - its reality in the lives of the consumers. This book explores the path of news as it moves through the tangled labyrinth of social identities and asserted interests that lie beyond the page or screen. The language and communication-oriented study of news promises a salient area of investigation, pointing the way to an expansion, if not a redefinition of basic anthropological ideas and practices of ethnography, participant observation, and “the field” in the future of anthropological research." (Publisher)
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"FUNREDES and Union Latine have designed an original research method to measure linguistic diversity in cyberspace. The aim was to use search engines and a sample of word-concepts to measure the proportionate presence of these concepts in their various linguistic equivalences (in Latin languages, En...glish and German) in cyberspace. The research, undertaken from 1996 to 2008, has enabled interesting indicators to be built in order to measure linguistic diversity. Additionally, some basic evaluations of the cultural projections associated with these languages (mentioned above) were undertaken. This paper describes the research method and its results, advantages and limitations. It also provides an overview of existing alternative methods and results, for comparison. The paper concludes with the examination of different perspectives in a field which have in the past been considered to have been characterized by a lack of scientific rigor. This has led to some misinformation about the dominant presence of English on the Web. It is a topic that is only now slowly attracting due attention from international organizations and the academic world." (Abstract, p.V)
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"This book is about the many ways in which mobile phones are being appropriated by Africans and how they are transforming and are being transformed by society in Africa. A case study from Karthoum (Sudan) shows, how mobile phones are reshaping relationships in a Muslim society, where they enable wom...en to organize their lives more independently. In Cameroon, the mobile allows traditional healers to assist sick people who are originally from their area but are now far away, sometimes even in Europe or the USA. Another study from Burkina Faso highlights the growing importance of text messaging - as contrary to the overstated orality both of African societies and of the mobile phone. The nine chapters in this volume all show aspects of an emerging mobile culture, be it the linkage between the rural and the urban in Burkina Faso, the youth in Ghana or traders in Tanzania. In all of these, the authors observe a reshaping of social and economic hierarchies in society. Based on the illustrative case studies and its multi-dimensional approach this book is highly recommended reading." (CAMECO Update 3-2009)
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"A través de experiencias, protocolos, estrategias y bibliografía (especialmente accesos web) este libro permite echar un vistazo a la realidad de las bibliotecas destinadas a las poblaciones aborígenes de las islas de Oceanía, las cuales poseen algunos de los estándares más avanzados en esta ...categoría de unidades de información." (edgardocivallero.com)
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"Topics covered include the ongoing linguistic processes, controversies, and implications of language modernization; the functions of South Asian languages within the legal system, media, cinema, and religion; language conflicts and politics, and Sanskrit and its long traditions of study and teachin...g. Language in South Asia is an accessible interdisciplinary book for students and scholars in sociolinguistics, multilingualism, language planning and South Asian studies." (Publisher)
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"Das BMZ hat bereits zu Beginn der von den Vereinten Nationen ausgerufenen indigenen Dekade (1994 – 2004) ein Konzept zur Zusammenarbeit mit indianischen Bevölkerungsgruppen erarbeitet, das für die GTZ und KFW Entwicklungsbank verbindlichen und für NROs orientierenden Charakter hat. Dieses Konz...ept ist die Richtschnur für die Zusammenarbeit mit indigenen Völkern und ihre adäquate Berücksichtigung in den Vorhaben der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (EZ). Damit lag relativ früh ein Grundlagenpapier vor. Davon ausgehend beleuchtet der vorliegende Reader die indigene Thematik im Kontext der deutschen EZ aus verschiedenen Perspektiven. Die Beiträge der Autoren und Autorinnen und die in ihnen genannten Beispiele konzentrieren sich auf Erfahrungen in der deutschen Technischen Zusammenarbeit, greifen aber auch solche aus anderen Institutionen der internationalen Zusammenarbeit auf. Ein Beitrag der KFW Entwicklungsbank ergänzt die Palette um die Erfahrungen der Finanziellen Zusammenarbeit mit indigenen Völkern und den Sozialinvestitionsfonds. Das vorliegende Buch möchte Mitarbeitern und Mitarbeiterinnen der EZ und anderen Interessierten eine Einführung und einen Überblick zur Thematik geben." (Vorwort)
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"The current discourse on globalization has many far-reaching implications not only for African economics and politics, but also for the vital question of how we communicate in a ‘global village’. African governments and their development partners often tend to extrapolate communication models f...rom the developed world and apply them wholesale in local environments in Africa that are quite unique. This paper argues that such communication strategies often do not impact on the rural masses for which they are meant because they are not ‘contextualized’ to the local settings, cultural dialectics and worldview of the people. The bulk of the rural people are non-literate, poor and have little or no access to modern mass media such as television, radio, film, newspapers, the internet and email. The roll-out of modern media should continue to occupy centre stage in planning by African governments, development agencies and nongovernmental organizations, and these modern media should continue to be used to disseminate various campaign messages (HIV/AIDS awareness, immunization of children, maternal health care, poverty eradication, etc.) to the communities. But given the dearth of these media in many poor countries, the limitation of their coverage to the urban centres, and the costly equipment involved, a strategy that relies solely on them has its drawbacks. Communication planners should not overlook the significant role indigenous forms such as popular theatre, drumming, village criers, storytellers, orators, etc., have played – and continue to play – in communication among rural, poor communities. The paper illustrates the ways in which these media continue to be utilized in development communication in Uganda, for instance, because of the way they are embedded in the cultural ideology of the rural people." (Abstract)
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"In the area around Cerro de Pasco, where these interviews were gathered, people’s herding lifestyle has undergone great change, principally as a result of Peru’s most important industry: mining. While it has brought employment and infrastructure to the region, the industry paid scant regard to ...its environmental impact: waste from the mines seeped into the water supply, and polluted the springs that run through the pastures; lakes once full of fish, and a magnet for birds, are discoloured, empty of life and their surroundings silent. Fumes from the smelter and other processing plants have polluted the air and stripped the nearby slopes of vegetation. The health of people and livestock has been badly affected, animal numbers have dramatically declined and few farmers now make a living from herding alone. And, as many narrators point out, working in the mines has weakened people’s bonds with the environment on which they previously depended ...The impact of the mining industry underlies most narrators’ stories, which were gathered in 1995. Some stress social and cultural change; others highlight the economic impact. Almost all bear witness to the effects on the land, livestock and people’s health. The focus on industry, and the positive and negative results of being a mineral-rich highland area, is particular to this collection. But as resource extraction in mountain regions accelerates, these narrators’ experiences will be of interest to many other communities. In Peru alone, the area taken over for mining activities had expanded from 6 million hectares in 1992 to 24 million hectares by 2000. As in other areas in the Central Andes, out-migration is a major issue. Young people’s need for education and employment takes them away from the highlands. Some return, but most—without adequate job opportunities in their home area—end up staying in Lima or other cities. But many would stay if they could, say narrators, and faithfully return to celebrate their community fiestas. These testimonies bear witness to a still vibrant culture, mixing Catholic, Andean and other influences, and distinguished above all by a still powerful bond with the land and the mountain." (Introduction, p.1-2)
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"An analysis of publishing in African languages in four countries of francophone Africa (Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and Senegal), where the Deutsche Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung (German Foundation for International Development, now part of GIZ), in cooperation with other agencies, has be...en developing training programmes for textbook authors to create local capacity in the writing of textbooks for local language teaching. It reports about the main lessons learnt during the execution of the programme. Ingrid Jung argues that the development of societies depends crucially on the access to and the written processing of information, and discusses what this means for local language publishing. She concludes that the present situation in Africa is characterized by a broad gap between what is necessary to contribute to social change and education, and what local book industries offer in the field of local language publications for educational and other purposes. “To satisfy the demand for books and learning materials in African languages in the long run, it is necessary to contribute to the development of national and regional publishing houses and to the capacity building of all links of the book chain." (Hans M. Zell, Publishing, Books & Reading in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3d ed. 2008, nr. 2108)
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